Preparing for Science

Introduction Chapter

Objectives

• Carry out simple investigations and draw a valid conclusion from it.

• Explain the scientific method.

• Describe how experiments and investigations use the scientific method.

Lesson 1 – What Methods Do Scientists Use?

• Scientists use the Scientific Method to solve problems.• The Scientific Method:

1. Make observations 2. Creating a question about your observation3. Form a hypothesis (a scientific explanation that you can test)4. Plan the experiment5. Conduct the experiment6. Gather and Record Data7. Display data in charts/graphs/pictures along with interpreting

the data8. Making a conclusion9. Create a new question based off your experiment

4-Methods Scientists Use

Vocabulary4 - Scientific Method - an accepted,

organized way to address a problem4 – Hypothesis – a scientific

explanation that you can test

Main Idea & Details

Q: What is the Scientific method?

A: An accepted, organized way to find something out.

Lesson 1 – What Methods Do Scientists Use?

• An experiment is a good way to test a hypothesis because you can control and manipulate variables and you have control groups for making comparisons.

• Sometimes you keep detailed observations and keeping careful notes.

• Sometimes you can’t observe things directly, so you have to construct a model.

6-Experiments Versus Investigation

Main Idea & Details

Q: How can you test a hypothesis when you can’t manipulate variables?

A: You can design an investigation involving observations or models.

Assignment:

• Reading Review on Page 7– Complete numbers 3-6

• Complete the Display Data under the Math Link on the bottom of page 7 – (you will use your Investigate Log

worksheet you filled out yesterday for your data)

You will be doing this on a lined sheet of paper that has the holes on the left side of the paper. You may work

on this as a group.

Objectives

• Define some of the inquiry skills used in scientific investigations.

• Describe how to use inquiry skills in an investigation or experiment.

• Identify a relationship between the dependent and independent variables in an investigation.

Lesson 2 – What Are Science Inquiry Skills?

• Inquiry skills are skills that help you during an inquiry-they help you figure things out. These skills are:– Observe: you use your 5 senses to gather information about

something.– Classify/Order: Classify or Order objects or events based on one or

another specific feature.– Infer: You take information you observed and use logical reasoning

to come to a conclusion.– Compare: finding ways two or more objects or events are the same

or different.– Predict: Using patterns you’ve observed and your own experience

to say what you think will happen in the future.

10-Inquiry Skills

– Use Numbers: Record estimations or measurements, compare them, and display them.

– Use Time/Space Relationships: finding out which things are farther apart, or the order you should perform the steps of a procedure, or which object lasts longer (etc.)

– Measure: just about everything can be measured in some way…so do it!

– Interpret Data: Use your data to made a prediction, infer or decide that you need more.

– Hypothesize: Make a hypothesis.– Plan and conduct a Simple Investigation: Putting everything

together in an investigation using the inquiry skills.

Lesson 2 – What Are Science Inquiry Skills?

10-Inquiry Skills…Continued

Main Idea & Details

Q: Name three inquiry skills

A: Any combination of three will work!!!

Lesson 2 – What Are Science Inquiry Skills?

• Identify and Control Variables: test only one independent variable at a time.– Independent Variable: the factor you change in order to see its effect.– Dependent Variable: the factor being measured.

• Experiment: When doing an experiment, you have to do everything carefully and methodically.

12-Inquiry Skills in Action

Vocabulary12 – Independent Variable- the factor

you change in order to see it’s effect12 – Dependent Variable– the factor

being measured.

Main Idea & Details

Q: How many variables should you have in an investigation?

A: only 2…dependant and independent.

Lesson 2 – What Are Science Inquiry Skills?

• Use Models as needed for experiment• Draw Conclusions: this is the last step of an

investigation…this should state whether or not your hypothesis was supported or not.

• Communicate: communicate your findings to other scientist by writing down your experiments design and results.

14-More Inquiry Skills

Main Idea & Details

Q: Why would you want to communicate the results of an investigation you did?

A: So other people can verify your findings

Assignment:

• Reading Review on Page 15– Complete the chart for number 1

(You do not have to draw the chart, just write the letters down with the answers next to them)

– Complete numbers 4-6

• Complete the Narrative Writing under the Writing Link on the bottom of page 15

You will be doing this on a lined sheet of paper that has the holes on the left side of the paper. You may work

on this as a group.

Making Drop Prints•Turn to page 17 in

your text book.•Complete investigate by yourself.

Objectives

• Describe some tools used in scientific investigations.

• Explain and observe proper safety procedures during investigations.

Lesson 3 – What Are the Tools of Science?

22-Safety in Science

• Tips about Lab Safety– Think It Through– Spot It– Get It Out of the Way– Keep It Clean– Watch It– Don’t Eat It– Don’t Short Circ-It– Report It– Leave It the Way You Found It

Vocabulary18 – Pan Balance- a tool used to find

the mass of an object20 – Spring Scale– a tool used to

measure force.21 – Microscopte – a tool that makes

very small things look larger.

Main Idea & Details

Q: What is the first thing you should do when you are performing an investigation?

A: Think it through-readall the steps in theinvestigation, andpicture yourself doingeach one.

Assignment:

• Reading Review on Page 23– Complete the chart for number 1

(You do not have to draw the chart, just write the letters down with the answers next to them)

– Complete numbers 3-6

• Complete the Angles under the Math Link on the bottom of page 23

You will be doing this on a lined sheet of paper that has the holes on the left side of the paper. You may work

on this as a group.