Prepared by Frank J. Torrano, American River College

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter 2: The Chemical Level of Organization

Atomic Structure/ Molecules/

Physiochemical Reactions

Enzymes/Organic and

Inorganic Compounds/

Water

pH/Inorganic Compound Roles/

Carbohydrates

Nucleic Acids/ High-Energy

Compounds/CellsLipids/Proteins

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FINAL ROUND

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Which of the following is an inorganic compound?

a. oxygen atom (O)

b. oxygen gas (O2)

c. water (H2O)

d. glucose (C6H12O6)

Atomic Structure/Molecules/Physiochemical Reactions:

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Which of the following is an inorganic compound?

a. oxygen atom (O)

b. oxygen gas (O2)

c. water (H2O)

d. glucose (C6H12O6)

Atomic Structure/Molecules/Physiochemical Reactions:

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Which type of bonds attracts water molecules to each other, causing surface tension and slowing the rate of evaporation?

a. hydrogen bonds

b. covalent bonds

c. peptide bonds

d. ionic bonds

Atomic Structure/Molecules/Physiochemical Reactions:

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Which type of bonds attracts water molecules to each other, causing surface tension and slowing the rate of evaporation?

a. hydrogen bonds

b. covalent bonds

c. peptide bonds

d. ionic bonds

Atomic Structure/Molecules/Physiochemical Reactions:

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Which of the following is a rule of chemical notation?

a. A superscript following the abbreviation of an element indicates more than one atom.

b. The number of atoms of each element must always be the same on both sides of the equation.

c. In a chemical reaction, the interacting participants are called products.

d. The abbreviation of a compound indicates one molecule of that compound.

Atomic Structure/Molecules/Physiochemical Reactions:

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Which of the following is a rule of chemical notation?

a. A superscript following the abbreviation of an element indicates more than one atom.

b. The number of atoms of each element must always be the same on both sides of the equation.

c. In a chemical reaction, the interacting participants are called products.

d. The abbreviation of a compound indicates one molecule of that compound.

Atomic Structure/Molecules/Physiochemical Reactions:

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Most of the structural components of the human body are made up of which type of bond?

a. nonpolar covalent

b. ionic

c. hydrogen

d. polar covalent

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Most of the structural components of the human body are made up of which type of bond?

a. nonpolar covalent

b. ionic

c. hydrogen

d. polar covalent

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Regardless of the element, the first electron shell of any atom of that element can hold a maximum of how many electrons?

a. one

b. two

c. four

d. eight

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Regardless of the element, the first electron shell of any atom of that element can hold a maximum of how many electrons?

a. one

b. two

c. four

d. eight

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Which of the following are important gases dissolved in body fluids?

a. nitrogen and oxygen

b. nitrogen and radon

c. carbon dioxide and oxygen

d. carbon dioxide and nitrogen

Enzymes/Organic and Inorganic Compounds/Water:

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Which of the following are important gases dissolved in body fluids?

a. nitrogen and oxygen

b. nitrogen and radon

c. carbon dioxide and oxygen

d. carbon dioxide and nitrogen

Enzymes/Organic and Inorganic Compounds/Water:

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Small molecules that generally do not contain carbon and hydrogen atoms are which of the following?

a. proteins

b. inorganic compounds

c. metabolites

d. organic compounds

Enzymes/Organic and Inorganic Compounds/Water:

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Small molecules that generally do not contain carbon and hydrogen atoms are which of the following?

a. proteins

b. inorganic compounds

c. metabolites

d. organic compounds

Enzymes/Organic and Inorganic Compounds/Water:

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Which of the following is true regarding water?

a. Water is an excellent solvent.

b. Water has a very low heat capacity.

c. Water is a poor solvent.

d. During hydrolysis of large molecules, water is released.

Enzymes/Organic and Inorganic Compounds/Water:

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Which of the following is true regarding water?

a. Water is an excellent solvent.

b. Water has a very low heat capacity.

c. Water is a poor solvent.

d. During hydrolysis of large molecules, water is released.

Enzymes/Organic and Inorganic Compounds/Water:

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Enzymes have what effect on the activation energy of a reaction?

a. They raise it.

b. They nullify it.

c. They lower it.

d. None of the answers is correct.

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Enzymes have what effect on the activation energy of a reaction?

a. They raise it.

b. They nullify it.

c. They lower it.

d. None of the answers is correct.

Enzymes/Organic and Inorganic Compounds/Water:

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Which of the following is true regarding enzymes?

a. They reverse the direction of reactions.

b. They increase the activation energy required for reactions to proceed.

c. They decrease the complexity of products formed in endergonic reactions.

d. They increase the rate of reactions.

Enzymes/Organic and Inorganic Compounds/Water:

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Which of the following is true regarding enzymes?

a. They reverse the direction of reactions.

b. They increase the activation energy required for reactions to proceed.

c. They decrease the complexity of products formed in endergonic reactions.

d. They increase the rate of reactions.

Enzymes/Organic and Inorganic Compounds/Water:

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Which of the following is a polysaccharide?

a. sucrose

b. glucose

c. glycogen

d. fructose

pH/Inorganic Compound Roles/Carbohydrates:

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Which of the following is a polysaccharide?

a. sucrose

b. glucose

c. glycogen

d. fructose

pH/Inorganic Compound Roles/Carbohydrates:

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The pH of human blood is

a. weakly acidic.

b. strongly acidic.

c. neutral.

d. weakly basic.

pH/Inorganic Compound Roles/Carbohydrates:

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The pH of human blood is

a. weakly acidic.

b. strongly acidic.

c. neutral.

d. weakly basic.

pH/Inorganic Compound Roles/Carbohydrates:

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The most abundant ions in body fluids are

a. K+ and Na+.

b. Cl– and H+.

c. H+ and Na+.

d. Na+ and Cl–.

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The most abundant ions in body fluids are

a. K+ and Na+.

b. Cl– and H+.

c. H+ and Na+.

d. Na+ and Cl–.

pH/Inorganic Compound Roles/Carbohydrates:

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A calcium ion (Ca2+) has a +2 charge. This indicates the calcium atom has

a. gained 2 protons.

b. lost 2 protons.

c. gained 2 electrons.

d. lost 2 electrons.

pH/Inorganic Compound Roles/Carbohydrates:

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A calcium ion (Ca2+) has a +2 charge. This indicates the calcium atom has

a. gained 2 protons.

b. lost 2 protons.

c. gained 2 electrons.

d. lost 2 electrons.

pH/Inorganic Compound Roles/Carbohydrates:

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Which pH value indicates a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration 1000 times higher than that of a pH 7 solution?

a. 1

b. 4

c. 10

d. 14

pH/Inorganic Compound Roles/Carbohydrates:

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Which pH value indicates a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration 1000 times higher than that of a pH 7 solution?

a. 1

b. 4

c. 10

d. 14

pH/Inorganic Compound Roles/Carbohydrates:

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Molecules in which of the following groups share a carbon-ring framework?

a. fatty acids

b. fats

c. steroids

d. phospholipids

Lipids/Proteins:

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Molecules in which of the following groups share a carbon-ring framework?

a. fatty acids

b. fats

c. steroids

d. phospholipids

Lipids/Proteins:

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Denaturation is defined as a change in ________ of a protein.

a. three-dimensional shape

b. amino acid composition

c. amino acid sequence

d. a single amino acid

Lipids/Proteins:

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Denaturation is defined as a change in ________ of a protein.

a. three-dimensional shape

b. amino acid composition

c. amino acid sequence

d. a single amino acid

Lipids/Proteins:

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Cholesterol is a

a. phospholipid.

b. steroid.

c. fatty acid.

d. protein.

Lipids/Proteins:

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Cholesterol is a

a. phospholipid.

b. steroid.

c. fatty acid.

d. protein.

Lipids/Proteins:

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Variable R-groups, or side chains, are found in which of the following?

a. proteins

b. nucleic acids

c. lipids

d. carbohydrates

Lipids/Proteins:

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Variable R-groups, or side chains, are found in which of the following?

a. proteins

b. nucleic acids

c. lipids

d. carbohydrates

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Proteins are formed via what process?

a. hydrolysis

b. hydration synthesis

c. dehydration synthesis

d. autolysis

Lipids/Proteins:

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Proteins are formed via what process?

a. hydrolysis

b. hydration synthesis

c. dehydration synthesis

d. autolysis

Lipids/Proteins:

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Which of the following are composed of amino acids?

a. nucleic acids

b. proteins

c. lipids

d. carbohydrates

Nucleic Acids/High-Energy Compounds/Cells:

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Which of the following are composed of amino acids?

a. nucleic acids

b. proteins

c. lipids

d. carbohydrates

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Which of the following is the most important high-energy compound in the body?

a. adenosine triphosphate

b. phosphoric acid

c. adenosine monophosphate

d. adenosine diphosphate

Nucleic Acids/High-Energy Compounds/Cells:

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Which of the following is the most important high-energy compound in the body?

a. adenosine triphosphate

b. phosphoric acid

c. adenosine monophosphate

d. adenosine diphosphate

Nucleic Acids/High-Energy Compounds/Cells:

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Thymine is found in which of the following?

a. deoxyribonucleic acid

b. ribonucleic acid

c. lauric acid

d. glycerol

Nucleic Acids/High-Energy Compounds/Cells:

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Thymine is found in which of the following?

a. deoxyribonucleic acid

b. ribonucleic acid

c. lauric acid

d. glycerol

Nucleic Acids/High-Energy Compounds/Cells:

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DNA consists of two nucleotide molecule chains held together by weak ________ bonds.

a. covalent

b. peptide

c. ionic

d. hydrogen

Nucleic Acids/High-Energy Compounds/Cells:

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DNA consists of two nucleotide molecule chains held together by weak ________ bonds.

a. covalent

b. peptide

c. ionic

d. hydrogen

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Which class of molecules directs the synthesis of enzymes?

a. proteins

b. carbohydrates

c. nucleic acids

d. lipids

Nucleic Acids/High-Energy Compounds/Cells:

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Which class of molecules directs the synthesis of enzymes?

a. proteins

b. carbohydrates

c. nucleic acids

d. lipids

Nucleic Acids/High-Energy Compounds/Cells:

$500 Answer

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The breakdown of sucrose (table sugar) into simple sugars is an example of what function?

a. dehydration synthesis

b. peptide bond formation

c. hydrolysis

d. glycogenolysis

FINAL ROUND Question

ANSWER

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The breakdown of sucrose (table sugar) into simple sugars is an example of what function?

a. dehydration synthesis

b. peptide bond formation

c. hydrolysis

d. glycogenolysis

FINAL ROUND Answer

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