preparatory study at Iron Gate hydropower dams and ... · Radu Suciu1, Mirjana Lenhardt2, Tihomoir...

Radu Suciu1, Mirjana Lenhardt2,

Tihomoir Stefanov4 , Finn Økland 3, Iulian

Nichersu 1,

Dalia Onara 1, Stefan Honţ 1,

Marian Paraschiv 1, Daniela Holostenco 1,

Cristian Trifanov 1, Marian Iani 1

1 DDNI- Tulcea, Romania 2 IMSI- Belgrade , Serbia

3 NINA - Trondheim, Norway 4 NMNH Sofia, Bulgaria

Results of the EIB project “Fish behavior preparatory study at Iron Gate

hydropower dams and reservoirs (2014 - 2015)

Location

Location

HPP - Iron Gate / Djerdap II

Romania

Serbia

HPP Gogoşu

Objectives:

•To test bio-telemetry methods and equipment to achieve required resolution for locating sturgeons d/s Iron Gate II dams

•To work out strategy for monitoring sturgeon behavior to ensure functionality of future up - and down stream fish passages

•To conduct on site 3D bathymetry survey and ADCP velocity profiles

•Choose and adopt low stress handling methods for tagging sturgeons

•To choose molecular biology method to describe genetic diversity of tracked sturgeons

Materials and Methods

1. Fish handling in the nets to avoid lifting it of the water

Side electro-narcosis (2013)

2. Electro-narcosis tube for surgical implanting of acoustic transmitters (2009)

Testing detection range of Vemco vs Thelma acoustic transmitters and receivers

VR2 W

TBR 700

V16 P Mega 16P

100 Kg

Results: 1. ADCP velocity profiles & 3D bathymetry

2. Multibeam 3D bathymetry

3. Capturing and implanting acoustic transmitter (ID 13100)

European cat fish male (Tl = 200 cm; TW ≈ 100 Kg)

d/s Serbian spill gates / Iron Gate 2 HP dam (April 28, 2015)

Serbia (cont.)

3. Capturing and tagging (ID 13092) beluga male (TL = 247 cm ; Tw ≈ 130 Kg) in Bulgaria, at Dunavtsi, near Vidin , Danube Km 782 (April 30 – May 1, 2015)

4. Testing detection range of Vemco vs. Thelma acoustic

equipment

#1


equipment

#2


equipment

#3


equipment #4

5. Testing detection range of ATS 3 stage radio transmitters

•Receiver SRX_600 from Lotec Inc. Canada, covering the frequency range from 142 to 143 MHz ; • 4 element Yagi antenna + 2 m long coax (RG58) cable; • 12 mm rope with the whip antennas in a horizontal position at 0.5 m up from the bottom at water depth of 11.5 m; •Due to extremely high radio noise signals d/s Iron Gate 2 dams radio tags could not be recorded at all.

Neighbour Joining dendrogram (Nei's DA) based on gene frequencies at mtDNA in YOY beluga sturgeon groups captured during 2004 - 2014

6. Screening genetic diversity of sturgeons at Iron Gate dams

D-loop RFLP haplotype frequency in groups of YOY beluga sturgeons (2004 - 2014)

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

1.00

Fre

cv

en

ta

YOY-

04-A

YOY-

04-B

YOY-

05-A

YOY-

05-B

YOY-

08

YOY-

09

YOY-

10-A

YOY-

10-B

YOY-

10-C

YOY-

12

YOY-

13

YOY-

14

Populatia

Frecventa haplotipurilor la puii de morun capturati in perioada 2004 - 2014

haplo-4

haplo-3

haplo-2

haplo-1

Group

Freq

ue

ncy

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

1.00

Fre

cv

en

ta

YOY-

04-A

YOY-

04-B

YOY-

05-A

YOY-

05-B

YOY-

08

YOY-

09

YOY-

10-A

YOY-

10-B

YOY-

10-C

YOY-

12

YOY-

13

YOY-

14

Populatia

Frecventa haplotipurilor la puii de morun capturati in perioada 2004 - 2014

haplo-4

haplo-3

haplo-2

haplo-1

Group

(N=360)

Beluga sturgeons

Neighbour Joining dendrogram (Nei's DA) based on gene frequencies at mtDNA in YOY stellate sturgeon groups captured during 2000 - 2013

D – loop RFLP haplotype frequency in groups of YOY stellate sturgeons

0,00

0,10

0,20

0,30

0,40

0,50

0,60

0,70

0,80

0,90

1,00F

req

ue

nc

ies

YOY-L00 YOY-L05 YOY-

E08

YOY-L09 YOY-

E10

YOY-L10 YOY-L13

Population

Haplotype Frequencies

haplo-11

haplo-9

haplo-7

haplo-5

haplo-4

haplo-2

haplo-1

(N=61)

Stellate sturgeons

6. Direct sequencing of D-loop mtDNA (N = 39 adult beluga sturgeons captured during 2007 – 2015)

EIB 14_1_3_AcipPHE1R

spring adults Huso_Dan_8_1_1

autumn adults Huso_Dan_7_3_3


Huso_Dan_11_19_8

Huso_Dan_11_18_9autumn adults

Huso_Dan_11_18_1


Huso_Dan_11_19_5



Huso_Dan_11_18_8








EIB 15_2_1_1_AcipPHE1R





Huso_Dan_11_18_13


Huso_Dan_11_18_7


Huso_Dan_12_1_10

Huso_Dan_8_1_4spring adults






Huso_Dan_8_24_1

Huso_Dan_12_10_01spring adults



65

70

77

76

79

99

99

89

87

99

34

28

23

14

29

40

35

41

0.0000.0020.0040.0060.0080.0100.0120.014

8 Apr. 2014

30 Apr. 2015

Near Iron Gates

Conclusions:

1. ADCP velocity measurements and 3D bathymetric surveys, conducted by DDNI team d/s Iron Gate 2, have been shown as essential for understanding the behaviour of fish approaching the dam. 2. DDNI team has developed and experimented floats and anchoring systems which will enable installing submerged acoustic telemetry receivers in the difficult hydraulic conditions d/s Iron Gate dams. 3. Capturing, tagging and successfully recording movements of large sturgeons and cat fish by Bulgarian and Serbian partners have demonstrated that they acquired the knowledge and skill needed to contribute efficiently in the next / larger project on fish behaviour in relation to Iron gates dams and reservoirs. 4. Genetic analysis and size of sturgeons recorded during year 2014 and 2015 arriving at Iron Gate 2 have revealed that these individuals belong to groupings spawning in the Serbian and Bulgarian reach of the river d/s Iron Gates, being born after the construction of the dam, in year 1974. Very large sturgeons, born before 1974 u/s the Iron Gate dams, are arriving there at longer time intervals and have not yet been captured and tagged by the pilot and preparatory projects conducted during 2013 – 2015.

Conclusions: 5. Detailed tests, conducted during June 2015, jointly by Romanian and Serbian staff under the guidance of Norwegian expert, with acoustic and radio telemetry equipment from three different companies have shown that, due to extremely difficult hydraulic conditions d/s Iron Gate dams, radio telemetry can not be used for tracking movement of bottom swimming fish (sturgeons, cat fish), while a combination of 3D acoustic positioning and novel signal strength recording acoustic receivers will achieve the resolution required for understanding movements of fish and positioning of entrance(s) of fish passages. 6. Sufficient experience and knowledge has been accumulated to enable design, planning and budgeting of activities for the large fish behaviour project in relation to Iron Gate dams and reservoirs.

Objectives: -Capture and tag 10 adult sturgeons with acoustic transmitters -Track their movements using submerged automatic receivers with depth sensor

Thank you for your attention!

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preparatory study at Iron Gate hydropower dams and ... · Radu Suciu1, Mirjana Lenhardt2, Tihomoir...

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