Preparation forPreparation for and Accessing and Accessing

the the AS/400 AS/400

DATABASE DATABASE

Preparation for DATA storageCreate a receptacle (file)internal -- in program or direct (output / crtpf)external -- with DDSPDM (strpdm, wrkobjpdm)SEU (strseu)

Access to the data

programmatically Utilities (dsp cpy chg)DFUQuery/400

Source Physical File vsSource Physical File vsData Physical FileData Physical File• Source Physical FileSource Physical File

– Layout is fixed: 3 fields Layout is fixed: 3 fields • programmers can only alter the length of the text programmers can only alter the length of the text

fieldfield– Used to store codeUsed to store code

• Data Physical FileData Physical File– Layout is determined by Application DesignLayout is determined by Application Design– Used to store dataUsed to store data

Source files - Source files - CRTSRCPFCRTSRCPF

Are created only once in a libraryAll / each library can contain source physical filesContain members e.g.

Programs (PGM)external physical file specification (PF)logical file specifications (LF) display files (DSPF)printer file (PRTF)

Default names for specific source types areQCLSRC CLP ProgramsQCBLSRC COBOL programsQRPGSRC RPG ProgramsQCSRC C ProgramsQDDSSRC File specifications for PF, LF, DSPF,

PRTFetc. etc.

preparation for source preparation for source filesfiles

AS/400 Programming Development Manager (PDM) Select one of the following: 1. Work with libraries 2. Work with objects 3. Work with members 4. Work with projects 5. Work with groups 6. Work with parts 9. Work with user-defined options

PDM provides access to all levels of data storageLIBRARIES

OBJECTS (files)members

option 12 will allow “drill down” from the highest to the lowest level

Specify Members to Work With Type choices, press Enter. File . . . . . . . . . . qddssrc Name, F4 for list Library . . . . . . . . aberns *LIBL, *CURLIB, name Member: Name . . . . . . . . . *ALL *ALL, name, *generic* Type . . . . . . . . . *ALL *ALL, type, *generic*, *BLANK

Work with Members Using PDM ODIN File . . . . . . QDDSSRC Library . . . . ABERNS Position to _____________________. . . . . Type options, press Enter. 2=Edit 3=Copy 4=Delete 5=Display 6=Print 7=Rename 8=Display description 9=Save 13=Change text 14=Compile 15=Create module...

Opt Member Type Text __ APVENDOR PF In class developed __ ARCUST PF ASSIGNMENT 2 and in class 3/4 __ ARTRANPF PF AR transaction file OPS234 fall 2000 __ ARTRNS PF ASSIGNMENT 2 __ ARTRNSDF DSPF Assignment 2 transaction display file __ ASSG2DSP DSPF

Columns . . . : 1 71 Edit ABERNS/QDDSSRC SEU==> ARCUST FMT A* .....A*. 1 ...+... 2 ...+... 3 ...+... 4 ...+... 5 ...+... 6 ...+... 7 *************** Beginning of data ************************************* 0001.00 A* Physical file ARCUST ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE Master File 0002.00 A* 0003.00 A UNIQUE 0004.00 A R ARCUSTR 0005.00 A CUSTNO 5S 0 TEXT('CUSTOMER NUMBER') 0006.00 A ALIAS(AR_CUST_NUMBER) 0007.00 A NAME 30A TEXT('CUSTOMER NAME') 0008.00 A ALIAS(AR_CUST_NAME) 0009.00 A SALESMAN 2S 0 TEXT('SALESMAN') 0010.00 A ALIAS(AR_SLSM_NUMBER) 0011.00 A STATUS 1A TEXT('STATUS') 0012.00 A ALIAS(AR_CUST_STATUS)

Source editing for physical files - PF

0002.00 A* DISPLAY FILE - ARTRNSDF - CUSTOMER TRANSACTION INPUT 0003.00 A* 0004.00 A* SCREEN1 FORMAT TO PROMPT FOR CUSTOMER NUMBER 0005.00 A* 0007.00 A DSPSIZ(24 80 *DS3) 0008.00 A CA03(03 'F3=EXIT') 0009.00 A INDARA 0010.00 A R SCREEN1 0011.00 A BLINK 0012.00 A S1DATE 8 0O 1 3ALIAS(SN1_SYS_DATE) 0013.00 A EDTCDE(Y) 0014.00 A 1 25'Customer Transaction Input 0015.00 A DSPATR(RI) 0016.00 A S1PNAME 5A O 1 68ALIAS(SN1_PROG_NAME) 0017.00 A 4 10'CUSTOMER = ' 0018.00 A CUSTNO 5A B 4 35ALIAS(SN1_CUST_NUMBER) 0019.00 A 10 7 10'DIAGNOSTIC = ' 0020.00 A 10 S1DIAGN 30A O 7 35ALIAS(SN1_DIAGNOSTICS) 0021.00 A 23 2'F3=Exit' 0022.00 A R SCREEN2 0023.00 A CF12(12 'F12=NEXT') 0024.00 A S2DATE 8 0O 1 3ALIAS(SN2_SYS_DATE) 0025.00 A EDTCDE(Y) 0026.00 A 1 25'Transaction Capture for' 0027.00 A DSPATR(RI) 0028.00 A S2PNAME 5A O 1 68ALIAS(SN2_PROG_NAME) 0029.00 A 3 10'CUST NO' 0030.00 A DSPATR(HI) 0031.00 A 3 20'NAME' 0032.00 A DSPATR(HI)

Source editing for display files - DSPF

0002.00 ....................................................................... 0003.00 : Sequence Number - Help : 0004.00 : : 0005.00 : F?=Show the Select Format display : 0006.00 : Type F? to show the Select Format display. From this display : 0007.00 : choose the format to use. : 0008.00 : : 0009.00 : I=Insert a line : 0010.00 : Type I to insert a blank line after this record. : 0011.00 : : 0012.00 : In=Insert n lines : 0013.00 : Type In to insert n blank lines after this record. : 0014.00 : : 0015.00 : IF=Insert line and display format :

0016.00 : More... :

SEU HELP F1 with cursor on sequence number function

File . . . . . . QDDSSRC Library . . . . ABERNS Position to . . . . . Type options, press Enter. 2=Edit 3=Copy 4=Delete 5=Display 6=Print 7=Rename 8=Display description 9=Save 13=Change text 14=Compile 15=Create module... Opt Member Type Text 14 ARTRNSDF DSPF Assignment 2 transaction display file ASSG2DSP DSPF ASSG3DSP DSPF ASSG3DSPC2 DSPF

Create / Generate the object option 14a executable programa physical filea display (screen) filea report format (regular 8 1/2 x 11 or special forms)

DATA (files)DATA (files)Can come from anywhere disk,

tape, screen, communications, internet, e-biz

Is managed / created / manipulated by a program

or a utility such as DFUor generated by QUERY as outputor ??????

Types of Physical FilesTypes of Physical Files

• Flat files - Arrival order only Flat files - Arrival order only Sequential or Random Sequential or Random

access only access only

• Keyed / Indexed FilesKeyed / Indexed FilesSequential, Random, Keyed Sequential, Random, Keyed

accessaccess

Physical Files using a KeyPhysical Files using a Key• Access a record in a file according to Access a record in a file according to

the value of a specific field (the Key the value of a specific field (the Key Field).Field).ex. ex. You could access a particular student record using You could access a particular student record using the student id as the key rather that read the whole file the student id as the key rather that read the whole file looking for it.looking for it.

• You specify that a file will have a key You specify that a file will have a key when you created / entered the DDS when you created / entered the DDS source for the filesource for the file

What if we want to access What if we want to access the data in a different the data in a different way?way?

We can create new We can create new access path (‘s)access path (‘s) to the data using to the data using Logical FilesLogical Files

Logical FilesLogical Files‘‘Logical View’Logical View’ or ‘ or ‘IndexIndex’ over one or ’ over one or

more physical filesmore physical filesRefer to physical file(‘s) and can only be Refer to physical file(‘s) and can only be

created aftercreated after the Physical file(‘s) exist the Physical file(‘s) existDo Do NOTNOT contain data contain dataThey are They are an access pathan access path into a file by into a file by

usingusing index key’s index key’s from afrom a keyed record keyed record to pointto point to a position in the physical to a position in the physical file it is based onfile it is based on

What is a Logical File?What is a Logical File?• It is a file which provides another way or It is a file which provides another way or viewview of looking at data in a physical file, of looking at data in a physical file, i.e. another access path to the data.i.e. another access path to the data.

• It It does not contain datadoes not contain data, the data is , the data is stored in the physical file member.stored in the physical file member.

• The access path in the logical file The access path in the logical file acts acts as an indexas an index to the data. to the data.

• A logical file is A logical file is always created over one always created over one or moreor more specific PF’s specific PF’s

RR# STUDID LASTNAME FIRSTNAME

Physical File - STUDENTS (FIFO sequence)

RR# LASTNAME

Logical File - STUDENTS by last name

Example of a simple logical file with a key of LASTNAME over a physical file that does not have a key.

Entering dataEntering data

• If the compile (option14) was successful, If the compile (option14) was successful, you will have a new object in your library, you will have a new object in your library, a physical file. (type *FILE Attr. PF)a physical file. (type *FILE Attr. PF)

• To enter data into that file. To enter data into that file. Under Under program control.program control. Using a systems Using a systems utility (CPYF etc.)utility (CPYF etc.) Using DFU, Data File Using DFU, Data File UtilityUtility

Helpful commandsHelpful commands• DSPOBJD: display object descriptionDSPOBJD: display object description

gives you information such as creation gives you information such as creation date, change date, owner, etc.date, change date, owner, etc.

• DSPFD: display file descriptionDSPFD: display file descriptiongives you information such as file size, gives you information such as file size, record length, number of fields, etc.record length, number of fields, etc.

• DSPFFD: display file field descriptionDSPFFD: display file field descriptiondisplays complete field informationdisplays complete field information

DFU: Data File UtilityDFU: Data File Utility• Easiest way to quickly enter data into a physical file.Easiest way to quickly enter data into a physical file.• Can create permanent DFU programs or use a temporary DFU Can create permanent DFU programs or use a temporary DFU

programprogram• STRDFU & #5, or Option 18 within PDMSTRDFU & #5, or Option 18 within PDM• Can Can NOTNOT be used be used on logical fileson logical files

• Set the type of activity requiredSet the type of activity required– Entry (F10) to add recordsEntry (F10) to add records– Change mode (F11) to modify recordsChange mode (F11) to modify records

• F23 to delete records (hidden function key)F23 to delete records (hidden function key)• PGUP, PGDN to see the previous or next recordPGUP, PGDN to see the previous or next record

Work with Objects Using PDM ODIN Library . . . . . DA234H01A1 Position to . . . . . . . . Position to type . . . . . Type options, press Enter. 2=Change 3=Copy 4=Delete 5=Display 7=Rename 8=Display description 9=Save 10=Restore 11=Move ... Opt Object Type Attribute Text -- STUDENTDFU *PGM DFU STUDENTDFU -- WELCOME *PGM CLE assignment1 ops234 -- ANSWERS *FILE PF-SRC PRINTOUTS *FILE PF-DTA saving printed output QCSRC *FILE PF-SRC testing for assignmen 1 QDDSSRC *FILE PF-SRC STUDENTDFU *FILE DFU STUDENTDFU STUDENTS *FILE PF-DTA Deb's student file and andre's test Bottom Parameters or command ===> strdfu or option 18 in PDM use F23 to see F3=Exit F4=Prompt F5=Refresh F6=Create

F9=Retrieve F10=Command entry F23=More options F24=More keys

DFU - STRDFU

AS/400 Data File Utility (DFU)

Select one of the following:

1. Run a DFU program 2. Create a DFU program

3. Change a DFU program 4. Delete a DFU program

5. Update data using temporary program

Create a DFU Program Type choices, press Enter. Program . . . . . . . . . . STLSTDFU2 Name, F4 for list Library . . . . . . . . . AB234MRKA1 Name, *CURLIB Data file . . . . . . . . . STLST Name, F4 for list

Library . . . . . . . . . AB234MRKA1 Name, *LIBL, *CURLIB

Select and Sequence Fields in DFU File . . . . . . . . . . . : STLST Library . . . . : AB234MRKA1 Record format . . . . . . . : STLSTR Select fields and their sequence or press F21 to select all; press Enter. Sequence Field Attr Length Type Description 1 USERID 10 CHAR 3 SECTIN 1 CHAR 4 STUDID 11 CHAR 5 STATUS 1 CHAR 6 STDATE 6,0 ZONE 7 OBDATE 6,0 ZONE 8 STRLEN 5,0 ZONE RECORD LENGTH 9 STPOS 5,0 ZONE BUFFER POSITION 10 STCDAT 6,0 ZONE CREATE DATE 11 STCTIM 6,0 ZONE CREATE TIME More... F3=Exit F5=Refresh F12=Cancel F14=Display definition F17=Fast path F20=Renumber F21=Select all

Press Enter to confirm or F17 to confirm with defaults.

STLSTDFU3 Mode . . . . : CHANGE Format . . . . : STLSTR File . . . . : STLST *RECNBR: 1 USERID: DA234H01 NAME: TESTING-FOR ABERNS SECTIN: STUDID: STATUS: R STDATE: 102900 OBDATE: STRLEN: 118 STPOS: 111 STCDAT: STCTIM: STOBSZ: STMBSZ: 8192 NUMRCD: 15 OWNCHK: F3=Exit F5=Refresh F6=Select format

F9=Insert F10=Entry F11=Change

•ADD - CHANGE - DELETE - DISPLAY records

F23 to delete Confirm with F23

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previous record

QUERY/400 QUERY/400 • IBM licensed product provided for IBM licensed product provided for

free with every OS/400 system free with every OS/400 system • USED for QUICK screen inquiriesUSED for QUICK screen inquiries• On demand ONE OF reportsOn demand ONE OF reports• Collect data from various physical Collect data from various physical

files and generate a new format files and generate a new format data file or report data file or report

• When saved becomes an object of When saved becomes an object of type *QRYDFN definitiontype *QRYDFN definition

Run Query (RUNQRY) Type choices, press Enter. Query . . . . . . . . . . . . . ------------ Name, *NONE Library . . . . . . . . . . . *LIBL Name, *LIBL, *CURLIB Query file: File . . . . . . . . . . . . . -students--- Name, *SAME Library . . . . . . . . . . *LIBL Name, *RUNOPT, *LIBL, *CURLIB Member . . . . . . . . . . . . *FIRST Name, *RUNOPT, *FIRST, *LAST + for more values Report output type . . . . . . . *RUNOPT *RUNOPT, *DISPLAY... Output form . . . . . . . . . . *RUNOPT *RUNOPT, *DETAIL, *SUMMARY Record selection . . . . . . . . *NO *NO, *YES

Display Report Report width . . . . . : 142 Position to line . . . . . Shift to column . . . . . . Line ....+....1....+....2....+....3....+....4....+....5....+....6....+....7. SOCINS LNAME FNAME ADDR1 000001 111,110,002 BILBO BAGGINS 345 HAWTHORNE LN 000002 111,110,003 KARIKOOL CLAPSADDLE SUNDOWN RD 000003 111,110,004 MATILDA TWIDDLEBOTHAM 1812 RIVER RD 000004 111,110,001 CHAN CHARLIE HOLLYWOOD BLVD 000005 111,110,005 DOWEGER ENGAR LA LANE 000006 111,110,006 STEAMS HOT WATER RD 000007 111,110,007 MULLIGAN SWINGA HOLE89 000008 111,110,008 WILSON ACE TENNISCOURT 45 000009 111,110,009 ICECOLD DRINK ARENA5 000010 111,110,010 RAPTURED PURPLE AIR CENTRE 000011 111,110,011 ARROW BOWEN BULLSEYE 000012 111,110,012 SHOTPUT IRONBALLS AROUNDCORNER 000013 111,110,013 GYMNASTICS ACROBAT RINGALLEY 000014 111,110,014 ATHLETIC RUNNER BEN JOHNSON ALLEY

000015 111,110,015 RACING HARNESS HORSESTALLS

RESULT of QUICK query run

QUERY Query Utilities System: ODIN Select one of the following: Query for AS/400 1. Work with queries 2. Run an existing query 3. Delete a query DB2 for AS/400 10. Start DB2 Query Manager for AS/400 Query management 20. Work with query management forms 21. Work with query management queries 22. Start a query 23. Analyze a Query for AS/400 definition More... Selection or command ===> F3=Exit F4=Prompt F9=Retrieve F12=Cancel F13=Information Assistant F16=AS/400 Main menu .

•STRQRY

Work with Queries Type choices, press Enter. Option . . 1 . . . 1=Create, 2=Change, 3=Copy, 4=Delete 5=Display, 6=Print definition 8=Run in batch, 9=Run Query . .???????? Name, F4 for list Library . . . . . ABERNS Name, *LIBL, F4 for list

•OPTION 1

Define the Query Query . . . . . . : Option . . . . . : CREATE Library . . . . : ABERNS CCSID . . . . . . : 65535 Type options, press Enter. Press F21 to select all. 1=Select Opt Query Definition Option 1 Specify file selections 1 Define result fields 1 Select and sequence fields 1 Select records - Select sort fields - Select collating sequence 1 Specify report column formatting 1 Select report summary functions - Define report breaks 1 Select output type and output form - Specify processing options F3=Exit F5=Report F12=Cancel

F13=Layout F18=Files F21=Select all

Specify File Selections Type choices, press Enter. Press F9 to specify an additional file selection. File . . . . . . . . . STUDENTS Name, F4 for list Library . . . . . . AB234MRKA1 Name, *LIBL, F4 for list Member . . . . . . . . *FIRST Name, *FIRST, F4 for list Format . . . . . . . . *FIRST Name, *FIRST, F4 for list File ID . . . . . . . T01 A-Z99, *ID File . . . . . . . . . SCHOOL Name, F4 for list Library . . . . . . AB234MRKA1 Name, *LIBL, F4 for list Member . . . . . . . . *FIRST Name, *FIRST, F4 for list Format . . . . . . . . *FIRST Name, *FIRST, F4 for list File ID . . . . . . . *ID A-Z99, *ID

File selection

Select Output Type and Output Form Type choices, press Enter. Output type . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1=Display 2=Printer 3=Database file Form of output . . . . . . . . . . 1 1=Detail 2=Summary only Line wrapping . . . . . . . . . . N Y=Yes, N=No Wrapping width . . . . . . . . . Blank, 1-378 Record on one page . . . . . . . N Y=Yes, N=No

OUTPUT selection

The ENDThe END