Prep 3- Booklet 1st Term ( Traveller )

M3T Schools Prep Stage (3) Language Section, Traveller, First Term

1

Module 5 Leisure

5 a vocabulary

meaning word

In harmony in tune

Sent to beamed up

a piece of land where people on holiday can camp, usually with toilets

and places for washing

campground

exhausted depleted

The natural environment in which animals live habitat

relating to or belonging to the armed forces: military

knowledge or skill from doing, seeing, or feeling things experience

a place to live, work, stay, etc. in: accommodation

the speed at which something happens or changes, or the amount or

number of times it happens or changes in a particular period

rate

Exact copies replicas

high or higher in rank senior

to leave one thing or place, especially quickly, in order to go to another skip

a large permanent area for public entertainment, with entertaining

activities and big machines to ride on or play games on, restaurants, etc

Theme park

extremely exciting: thrilling

a young child, especially one who is learning or has recently learned to

walk

toddler

a visit to a place or area, especially one during which you look round the

place

tour

the shape of a bone, a shell, or a plant or animal that has been preserved

in rock for a very long period

fossil

an occasion when a group of people march or stand together to show

that they disagree with or support something or someone

demonstration

In prison behind bars

one thing that can be chosen from a set of possibilities, option

a reduction in the usual price discount

an event at which objects such as paintings are shown to the public exhibition

a collection of objects or pictures arranged for people to look at, display


2

a strong feeling such as love or anger, or strong feelings in general emotions

If an object or achievement is impressive, you admire or respect it,

usually because it is special, important, or very large

impressive

An interactive system or computer program is designed to involve the

user in the exchange of information

Interactive

likely to be remembered or worth remembering: memorable

worth a lot of money valuable

relating to seeing visual

Vivid descriptions, memories, etc. produce very clear, powerful, and

detailed images in the mind

vivid

funny and enjoyable entertaining

Collocations with get, go, have and take

take have go get

take a swim

take a stroll

take a photograph

take a tour

take a nap

take a holiday

have a great time

have a meal

have fun

have a nap

have a party

have a holiday

go shopping

go swimming

go for a swim

go for a stroll

go on holiday

go for a walk

get a meal


3

Words easily confused

1- take : carry or have something with you when you go somewhere

bring : have something with you when you come to a place

Don't forget to take your mobile phone with you when you leave.

Will you please bring me the remote control?

2- story : a description of imaginary events

history : a description of real past events ; a field of study

he told us an amazing story about what he did when he was on holiday.

This town has a very old history that makes a lot of people want to come here.

3- take part : participate

Take place : happen

The awards ceremony will take place tomorrow evening at eight.

I took part in many school plays when I was younger.

4- wet : something that contains moisture, water or other liquid

humid : used to describe a climate or weather that is hot and damp

I didn't have an umbrella with me, so I got all wet when it rained.

It is so hot and damp today that I feel like I'm in a sauna!

5- hold : to carry something

Keep : continue to have or hold something

I always keep a book in my backpack so I have something to read on the train.

Do you think you can hold the door open for me, please?

6- suit : a jacket and matching trousers or skirt, worn as a set usually on formal occasions

costume : a set of clothes worm on Halloween or other occasions;, during which people

disguise themselves

uniform : the clothes some people wear to work or school

Have you decided on a Halloween costume for the party yet?

He bought an expensive new Armani suit for his wedding.

Andrew is an officer in the Air Force and has to get his uniform cleaned and ironed daily.


4

GRAMMAR

INFINITIVES AND –ING FORMS

Full Infinitive ( to do)

Use

The to-infinitive is used Examples

1. as subject. To find fault is easy.

2. as object. He refused to pay the bill.

3. after a noun. There is a lot of work to do/to be done today.

4. after an adjective. She was happy to win the prize.

5. after a question word. I don’t know what to do.

6. after the verb to be. She is to see her class teacher after school.

7. after certain verbs. He wants to become a lawyer.

8. after too/enough constructions. He has got enough money to live on.

9. with only to express

disappointment.

She came in only to find her boyfriend had left.

10. in expressions: to begin with/be

honest

To tell the truth, I don’t like him.

Bare infinitive ( do )

Use

The bare infinitive is used Examples

1. after the verbs do, does and did. He did not write down the answer.

2. after modal verbs-

can,could,should,will …

You can leave now if you want.

3. after perception verbs-

see,hear,smell,feel..

I saw Tom run out of the bank.

4. after let and make.

(passive + to-infinitive)

They made him pay for the damage.

He was made to pay for the damage.

5. after would rather, had better. I would rather not go out tonight.

I had better stay at home.

6. after except,cannot but, can do

nothing but.

We could do nothing except/ but wait.


5

Gerund ( doing )

Use

The gerund is used Examples

1. as a noun – subject/ object. Reading is fun. Your car needs washing.

2. after prepositions. The child is fond of playing chess.

3. after certain verbs: spend, waste,

avoid …

He spends his free time digging the garden.

4. after possessive adjectives/ noun+’s. Do you mind my joining you on the trip?

5. after go + verb–ing (activities) Let’s go shopping/ swimming/ camping.

6. after be busy/ worth. He is busy doing exercise. It is worth seeing.

7. after certain phrases:

look forward to/ devoted to/ objected

to/

consent to/ used to/ accustomed to…

I look forward to seeing you soon.

I am not used to going to bed late.

He objected to pulling down the old house.

8. after certain expressions:

It’s no use/good…There’s no/no

point in..

It’s a waste of time/money…

have difficulty(in) /can’t help

as/ like/ than

It is no use crying over spilt milk.

There is no joking about this matter.

It is a waste of time playing online games.

I can’t help laughing.

It was like being in the desert - so quiet!

Verb + to-infinitive or –ing?

Usage

1. The to-infinitive and the gerund are used after certain verbs.

The to-infinitive is used after certain

verbs:

The gerund is used after certain verbs:

afford, agree, appear, ask, attempt,

decide,

expect, fail, hope, learn, manage, offer,

plan,

prepare, pretend, promise, refuse,

seem,

threaten, want, wish …

e.g. He offered to help us.

admit, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, consider,

delay, discuss, enjoy, escape, excuse,

fancy, finish, forgive, imagine, involve, keep

mention, mind, miss, object to, practise,

prevent, postpone, quit, recall, report, resent,

resist, risk, save, stand, suggest, tolerate …

e.g. We should avoid making mistakes.


6

Worksheet

Choose the correct words in brackets:

1- When you go the country, you will enjoy yourself as you get in ( tune – tone –match – suit)

with nature.

2- There are ( replicas – rates – demonstrations – tunes ) of dinosaurs in the Museum of

Nature .

3- Tourists often buy ( replicas – memorials – reminders – souvenirs ) to remind them of the

countries they visit

4- If you break the law, you will expose yourself to be ( in front of – behind – opposite –

beneath) the bars.

5- Did you ( make – do – have – get ) fun on your holiday ?

6- In the future, there will be spaceships to ( beam – deplete – tune – inhabit ) people up to

other planets .

7- He felt ( beamed – depleted – tuned – demonstrated ) after ten hours of non-stop work .

8- Will you ( get – go – have – take ) shopping .

9- We ( got – went – had – took ) a great time in Alex last year .

10- We ( get – go – have – take ) three meals a day .

11- When will you ( get – go - have – take ) ready ?

12- Who ( got – went – had – took ) you that photograph ?

13- They ( went – got – go – take ) a tour of Cairo in eight hours .

14- Will you please ( take – have – bring – make ) me some water ?

15- ( Take – Have – Get – Make ) your umbrella with you in case it rains .

16- He was ( humid – wet – dry – windy ) because he fell in the swimming pool .

17- It's hot and ( humid – wet – ready – frozen ) . I can't bear my clothes .

18- ( Story – Novel – History – Legends ) tells us about the lives of old kings and queens .

19- I like reading science fiction ( stories – history – legends – facts ) .

20- When did the accident take ( place – a place – part –a part ) ?

21- I didn't take ( place – a place – part – a part ) in the competition .

22- When I go for an interview, I always wear a ( clothes – suit – costume –uniform ).

23- Officers and doctors wear ( gowns – suits – costumes – uniforms ).

24- I liked the ( gowns – suits – costumes – uniforms ) of the actors in the play .

25- When do you often ( have – get – take – go ) on holiday ?


7

Worksheet

Choose the correct word(s) in brackets :

1- I don't mind ( living – to living – to live – live ) in the city very much .

2- She doesn't feel like ( go – to go – going – to going ) out tonight .

3- We can't afford ( go – to go – going – to going ) on holiday this year .

4- I promise ( pay – to pay – paying – to paying ) you on Monday.

5- I don't mind ( live – to live – living – to living ) in a small house by the sea .

6- I detest ( watch – to watch – to watching – watching ) Cartoon films on TV.

7- He decided ( lend – lending – to lend – to lending ) his sister all the money she needed .

8- I can't imagine ( read – reading – to read – to reading ) an English story in a short time .

9- She expects ( meet – to meet – meeting – to meeting ) the manager of the company

tomorrow morning .

10-I hope ( to finishing – finishing – to finish – finish ) my work by 10 o'clock .

11- The student asked the teacher ( helping – help – to helping - to help ) with the difficult

questions .

12- My sister suggested ( to spend - spending – to spending – spent ) the summer holiday in

Alex .

13- My brother practices ( to swim – swimming – to swimming – swim ) in AL Ahly club .

14- The young boy learned ( operate – operating – to operate – to operating ) the machine in a

short time .

15- I missed ( to talk – talking – to talking – talk ) with my old friends .

16- I was offered ( have – having – to having – to have ) a cool drink when I visited my friend

.

17- I hate ( drive – to drive – driving – to driving ) at night .

18- She loves ( to go – going – to going – go ) out at weekends .


8

Worksheet

Rewrite the following sentences using the words in brackets :

1- My decision was reading the whole book in one night . ( decided )

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

2- I don't have enough money to buy the car . ( I can't afford…. )

……………………………………………………………………………………………

3- I want you to close the window . ( Do you mind …)

……………………………………………………………………………………………

4- It's impossible to live alone on a desert island . ( I can't imagine ..)

……………………………………………………………………………………………

5- Buying a new mobile for me was my father's promise t ( promised )

……………………………………………………………………………………………

6- I don't listen to pop music at all . ( I can't stand .. )

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

7- I want to have a hot bath . ( I feel like .. )

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

8- I feel happy when I study English. ( enjoy )

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

9- Let's go to the club . ( He suggested .. )

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

10- He said that he didn't break the g ( denied )

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

11- He said that he had made a mistake. ( He admitted …)

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

12- She said that she wouldn't play tennis with her. ( She refused )

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

13- I didn't know whether to take my umbrella or not. ( I hesitated … )

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

14- He doesn't like staying in hot areas. ( He can't bear .. )

……………………………………………………………………………………………..


9

5 b vocabulary

Meaning word

extremely eager or interested avid

to say or do something as a reaction to something that has been said or

done

respond

to have existed for a particular length of time or since a particular time date back to

to ask for something politely or officially request

a group of objects of one type that have been collected by one person or

in one place

collection

unusual and strange, sometimes in an unpleasant way peculiar

to make information available to people, especially in a book, magazine,

or newspaper

publish

useful, serious, or important meaningful

to act in a particular way as a direct result of something els react

to recognize how good someone or something is and to value him, her,

or it

appreciate

a small group of people chosen to represent a larger organization and

either make decisions or collect information for it

committee

to improve or increase something boost

the people living in one particular area Community

something that you say or write that expresses your opinion comment

a story about love romance

If critics review a book, play, film, etc. they write their opinion of it review

the skill of combining movements into dances to be performed Choreography


10

Words related to theatre and cinema

the activity of organizing the practical and financial matters connected

with the preparation of a film, play, or television or radio programme

production

the job of performing in films or plays: acting

person who is in charge of a film or play and tells the actors how to play

their parts

director

to put something in a particular place or position: sets

an unusual piece of action in a film, or an entertainment on a stage,

created by using particular equipment

special effects

a piece of writing that is intended to be acted in a theatre or on radio or

television

a play

the action of entertaining other people by dancing, singing, acting, or

playing music:

performance

a time when all the people involved in a play, dance, etc. practise in

order to prepare for a performance

rehearsal

large open area just inside the entrance of a public building such as a

theatre or a hotel, where people can wait and meet each other

foyer

a large building with various connected rooms or a related group of

buildings

complex

the area in a theatre that is often raised above ground level and on which

actors or entertainers perform

stage

a flat surface in a cinema, on a television, or as part of a computer, on

which pictures or words are shown

screen

a book or film that is very successful blockbuster

the actors in a film, play, or show cast

the story of a book, film, play, etc plot

A man who performs stunts, especially instead of an actor in a film or

television programme

Stuntman

the sounds, especially the music, of a film, or a separate recording of

this

soundtrack


11

Words easily confused 1- ticket : a printed piece of paper showing that a person has paid to travel on a bus, plane etc.

or to enter a cinema, theatre etc.

Fare ; the price you pay to travel by bus, train, plane, etc.

2- strange : unusual , not familiar

Foreign : not from your own country or the country you are talking about

3- mention : refer to or speak about something briefly or incidentally

report : inform some authority about sth that has happened

4- get off : have a plane, bus, train,etc.

get out of : exit, leave a place or a car

5- similar : resembling to someone or something ; almost the same

Identical : similar in every detail, exactly the same

Collective nouns Collective nouns are names for a collection or a number of people or things. Words like

group, herd, etc.

1- a bunch of flowers

2- a set of tools

3- pile / set of books

4- pack of cigarettes

5- a set of rules

6- a pile / set of boxes

7- a bunch of grapes

8- a pack of wolves

9- a set / bunch of keys

10- a set of furniture


12

Adjectives + prepositions Positive meaning Negative meaning

interested in

proud of

keen on

fond of

crazy about

impressed by / with

bored with

sick of

disgusted by

tired of

fed up with

Examples

- I’m very keen on collecting cinema tickets.

- My dad is proud of exam results.

- Most of my friends are interested in football.

Grammar

* Expressing possibility can / could / may / might + base form (inf.) express possibility in the present or future.

He could / may / might be at home now.

She can be very rude sometimes.

- may not / might not + inf. express possibility that something will not happen in the present

or future.

We may not / might not go to the party tonight.

- may / might + have + p.p. express possibility in the past.

I may / might have seen the film, but I'm not sure.

- could + have + p.p. express possibility in the past which was not fulfilled.

You were lucky. You could have been hurt.


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*Making deductions - must + inf. expresses certainty that something is true.

My parents must be at work now.

- can't + inf. expresses belief that something is impossible.

You can't be serious.

- must + have + p.p. expresses certainty that something happened in the past.

I must have left my walled at home.

- can't / couldn't + have + p.p. express certainty that something didn't happen.

You can't / couldn't have met their parents. They live in the USA.

*Question tags They are short questions placed at the end of a statement.

They are formed with an auxiliary verb and a personal pronoun.

We use them when we are not sure about something or when we are asking for information.

* If the statement is positive, then the question tag is negative.

You are coming to school tomorrow, aren't you?

* If the statement is negative, then the question tag is positive

You aren't coming to school tomorrow, are you?

Note the following question tags:

- I am your best friend, aren't I ?

- Let's do something together tonight, shall we?

- Open the window, will/can/could you?

- Don't forget to call me, will you?

- Somebody is at the door, aren't they?

- Nobody is home, are they?


14

Worksheet

Choose the correct word(s) between brackets :

1- My ( ambitions – hobbies – responses – efforts ) are reading and watching football matches

2- A: I feel really grateful to you.

B: Oh, don't ( say – utter – speak – mention ) it, please .

3- When I reached school, I ( recognized – understood – realized – requested ) that I had

forgot my copybook.

4- When we got ( up – off – out – in ) the bus, the first lesson had started .

5- You must be joking . You can't be ( dangerous – serious – troublesome –avid ) .

6- She is a/an ( avid – old-fashioned –peculiar – attentive ) stamp collector . She had collected

millions.

7- I had a ( bunch – pack – set – pile ) of albums at home .

8- My sister is interested ( on – in – at –by ) art .

9- When was your father's book first ( responded – represented – published – announced ) ?

10- I often ( connect – communicate – contact – link ) my friends on any occasion .

11- I'm proud ( of – in – by – with ) my father .

12- Your work is perfect . All people will ( evaluate – value – deserve – appreciate ) it .

13- You will benefit from him . All his speech is ( meaningful – attentive – peculiar – avid )

14- What do the five circles on the Olympic flag ( present – represent – act appreciate )?

15- I'll go to school on foot . I can't afford the taxi ( fare – fees – ticket – salary ) .

16- How much is a plane ( fare – fees – ticket –salary ) ?

17- He doesn't speak any ( strange – foreign – normal – native ) language .

18- It's ( strange – foreign – normal –native ) to find people fight for nothing .

19- You should ( mention – report – inform – talk ) the police on the crime .

20- I felt cold when I got ( off – away – out of – away from ) my car .

21- You can't often differentiate between ( similar –identical – different – irregular ) twins .

22- My car isn't ( similar – the same – identical – irregular ) to yours . They are totally

different.

23- I bought a ( bunch – pack – set – pile ) of flowers last week .

24- Why do you have ( bunches – packs –sets – piles ) of books ?

25- My uncle buys a ( bunch – pack – set – pile ) of cigarettes everyday .

26- You should follow the ( bunch – pack – set – pile ) of rules of the club .

27- He is bored ( of – on – with – about ) computer games .

28- He is crazy ( of - on – with –about ) football matches .

29- He isn't keen ( of – on –with – about ) reading .

30- Could you give me a ( bunch – pack – set – pile ) of grapes, please ?


15

Worksheet

Grammar

Choose the correct word(s) between brackets :

1- You've read that book , ( have – hadn't – haven't – didn't ) you ?

2- The capital of Germany is Berlin, ( isn't it – doesn't it – hasn't it – is it ) ?

3- He doesn't live in Cairo, ( doesn't he – isn't he – does he – is he ) ?

4- She isn't at home , ( was – is – wasn't – isn't ) she ?

5- That cheese tasted terrible , ( isn't – wasn't – didn't –doesn't ) it ?

6- Ahmed and Ali will visit their aunt, ( will they – won't they – will he – don't they ) ?

7- She never eats meat, ( does – doesn't – don't – didn't ) she ?

8- I'd like a cup of tea, ( would you – wouldn't you – hadn't I - had I ) ?

9- I'm watching a match, ( aren't I – aren't you – am I – aren't we ) ?

10- I'm not a teacher , ( are – am – will – don't ) ?

11- Let's go to the cinema , ( will you – shall we – shall you – won't you ) ?

12- Let me carry your bag , ( shall I – shall we – will you – will we ) ?

Write an appropriate tag at the end of each sentence :

1- The film wasn't very good , ……………………………..?

2- It's too hot today, …………………………… ?

3- You're the new teacher, ……………………………….. ?

4- You didn't break her vase , …………………………….. ?

5- Alex is working in a bank now, …………………………… ?

6- You will remember to buy me a present on my birthday, …………………………. ?

7- Let's watch DVD tonight, …. …………………………….. ?

8- You go to the gym every day , ………………………………. ?

9- Mary made a cake , …………………………. ?

10- Remember to buy a newspaper, …………………………… ?

11- I am going to get the promotion, …………………………….. /

12- Somebody should order paper for the fax machine, …………………………. ?

13- She works out every day , ………………………….. ?


16

Worksheet

A. Choose the correct option a, b, c or d to complete the sentences.

1- It takes my sister three hours to………… ready to meet her friends.

a. go b. take c. have d. get

2- Please …………. me a glass from the kitchen.

a. take b. have c. bring d. buy

3- This is the village where the novelist set his …………...

a. history b. costume c. photograph d. story

4- Will you …………….. part in this year’s carnival?

a. bring b. get c. have d. take

5- School ……………. must be worn by all students.

a. suits b. clothes c. uniforms d. costumes

6- John …………... his CDs in his bedroom desk.

a. keeps b. holds c. takes d. gets

7- Please …………….. to the manager as soon as you arrive in the office.

a. mention b. request c. appreciate d. report

8- Four well-known criminals have been arrested and are now……………. .

a. beamed up b. behind bars c. impressed d. depleted

B. Choose the correct preposition from the box to complete the sentences. in of with on by about

1- Ryan is very proud ………… his surf board.

2- Margaret is keen ………… going camping this weekend.

3- Are you interested ………….. joining the local gym?

4- Most of my friends are crazy …………. football.

5- I am bored ………… staying at home every night.

6- A lot of people are disgusted …………… the rubbish left on the street corner.

C. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in capitals.

1- Nicole Kidman has an important part in the new ……………… of the play. PRODUCE

2- Heather has just finished her class in ……………….. . ACT

3- Directors expect near perfection in the final ……………. . REHEARSE

4- Romeo and Juliet is this year’s choice for the society’s open-air … …………..

PERFORM

5-How strange! Our cars look ………………….. IDENTITY

6- Stonehenge is being re-examined by …………………. . ARCHAEOLOGY

7-I’m sure that was a …………. jumping off the train in the film and not a real actor.

STUNT

8- Is that Van Gogh a copy or an ………………………. ? ORIGIN


17

Worksheet

D. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box.

bunch pack set pile

1- Shall we get Mum a ……………. of flowers for her birthday?

2- We need to move that …………. of wood before someone falls over it.

3- Wolves like to live together in …………..

4- Can you wait a moment? I want to buy a ………….. of grapes for lunch.

5- Who does this ………….. of cigarettes belong to?

6- My father has been using the same …………….. of tools for thirty years.

2. GRAMMAR

E. Complete the sentences with question tags.

1- It’s really cold today ,……………………?

2- Louise made this apple pie ,……………... ?

3- Let’s go ice skating, ……………...…….. ?

4- You didn’t lose your watch ,…………….. ?

5- You’re not leaving already… …………… ?

6- They went to last Friday’s concert , …………?

F. Choose the correct modal verb to complete the sentences.

1- Do we have to / need get a new washing machine?

2- Candidates might / must be at the examination centre 15 minutes before the exam starts.

3- You would / had better check the weather forecast before you arrange a picnic in the

park.

4- I am warning you that under no circumstances should you tell David. He must / mustn’t

find out.

5- If we want to arrive at the game on time, we ought to / can leave at once.

6- I’ve just had an argument with Maggie and I could / would prefer to calm down before I

call her back.

7- Having your own business ought to / can be exhausting.


18

Worksheet

H. Complete the sentences using either the infinitive or the –ing form of the

verbs in brackets.

1- Please remember …………. (ask) Helen to be here at eight .

2- The students were happy ….......... (learn) that the school would be closed the following

day.

3- Have you considered ……….. (sell) your house and renting a small flat in a more

central area?

4- Tina doesn’t really mind ………… (stay) up late, even if she has to wake up very early

the next day .

5- Sue had better ………….. (get) to the airport in time, or else she might miss her flight.

6- On our way to work, we stopped ……………. (have) some breakfast at a nearby café.

7- It’s no use …………… (pay) so much for a dress you are only going to wear once!

8- Do you know that you risked ………… (lose) your job by talking like that to the boss?

9- Diana shouldn’t let her daughter……………. (travel) alone, she is far too young.

10- Ryan has decided ……….(leave) the company without ………… (say) anything to the

manager


19

Module 6 Nature

6a vocabulary

word Definition

abandoned to leave a place, thing, or person, usually for ever

acidic containing acid

author the writer of a book, article, play, etc

choked unable to speak because you are upset

Coal mine the deep hole or system of holes under the ground from which

coal is removed

creek a stream or narrow river

citizen a person who is a member of a particular country and who has

rights because of being born there

industry the companies and activities involved in the process of producing

goods for sale, especially in a factory or special area

mattress the part of a bed, made of a strong cloth cover filled with firm

material, which makes the bed comfortable to lie on

participation the fact that you take part or become involved in something

pollution damage caused to water, air, etc. by harmful substances or wast

process a series of actions that you take in order to achieve a result

Sycamore tree a tree with leaves divided into five parts and seeds that turn

around slowly to the ground when they fall

vintage of high quality and lasting value

clean up remove dirt or pollution

pick up lift

come across Find by chance

Closedown stop work and activities forever

break down Separate into parts

alternative An alternative plan or method is one that you can use if you do

not want to use another one:

conservation the protection of plants and animals, natural areas from damage

wildlife reserve an area of land kept in its natural state, especially for wild

animals to live in and be protected

enthusiasm a feeling of energetic interest in a particular subject or activity


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and an eagerness to be involved in i

fatal very serious and having an important bad effect in the future

disease illness of people, animals, plants, etc., caused by infection or a

failure of health rather than by an accident

decrease to become less, or to make something become less

landscape a large area of countryside, especially in relation to its appearance

toxic poisonous

harmful causing harm

Man-made artificial rather than natural

common sense the basic level of practical knowledge and judgment that we all

need to help us live in a reasonable and safe way

project a piece of planned work or an activity that is finished over a

period of time and intended to achieve a particular aim

Words easily confused

1- amount : a quantity of money, time or a substance

sum : a quantity especially of money

I still have a large amount of work to do.

He was fined a sum of 500 pounds for not paying his electricity bill.

2- abandon : go away from a person, thing or place with no intention of returning

evacuate : move people out of a place when in danger

Mary decided to abandon her university studies in favour of getting a full-time job.

The firefighters ordered the residents to evacuate the building immediately.

3- machine : a piece of equipment

Machinery : large machines, e.g. agricultural machinery

engine : a special piece of machine of a car / plane etc. that turns power into

movement

we need a new washing machine.

They transported the new machinery for the new factory in several cargo ships.

They believe the aeroplane was experiencing engine trouble before it landed


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4- industry : the factories and people that work towards the production of a specific

product, e.g. the car industry

Factory : a building where products are made in order to be sold

The computer industry has undergone massive changes in the last twenty years

Her mother worked in a chocolate factory for nearly forty years.

Grammar

Passive voice

Use:

We use the passive voice to emphasise an action rather than who or what is responsible for it.

Formation : be + p.p. of the main verb

Present simple Past simple

am, is or are + p.p.

I am invited.

They are invited.

was / were + p.p.

I was invited.

They were invited.

Present progressive Past progressive

am, is or are + being + p.p.

Trees are being planted.

My car is being fixed.

was – were + being + p.p.

Trees were being planted.

My car was being fixed.

Present perfect Past perfect

has – have + been +p.p.

Trees have been planted.

My car has been fixed.

had + been + p.p.

trees had been planted.

My car had been fixed.

Future will Modal verbs

will + be + p.p.

trees will be planted.

My car will be fixed.

can,could,shall,should,may,might,must,ought

to, be going to + be + p.p.

Trees should be planted.

My car must e fixed.


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Note:

- The verbs make, see, hear, etc. are followed by a bare infinitive in the active voice but in

the passive voice they are followed by a full infinitive ( to + inf.)

My mum made me eat the whole soup.

I was made to eat the whole soup.

- Verbs such as know, believe, say, think, etc. are often followed by a that clause in the active

voice and can be used to make general statements.

People believe that he is very rich.

The passive voice can be formed in two ways:

It + passive verb + that clause

It is believed that he is very rich.

Subject + passive verb + to + inf.

He is believed to be very rich.

- When a verb ( give, offer, send, etc.) takes two objects in the active voice, there are two

ways of forming the passive voice:

Active : They gave William a present.

Passive : William was given a present.

A present was given to William.

* Clauses of concession

- We use them to express contrast or opposition to the main clause.

* although, even though + subject + verb

Although / Even though he was starving, he didn't take any of the food they offered him.

* In spite of / despite + noun /-ing / what …

In spite of feeling afraid, Jim went the roller coaster.

Despite what you may think, that's not true.

* In spite of / despite + the fact + that clause

He went dancing in spite of the fact that he had a terrible headache.


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6 b vocabulary

word Definition

appetite the feeling that you want to eat food

aquarium a glass container or a building in which fish and other water

creatures can be kept

reputation the opinion that people in general have about someone or

something,

endangered species animals or plants that may soon not exist because there are very

few now alive

captivity the situation in which a person or animal is kept somewhere and

is not allowed to leave

handsome A handsome man is physically attractive in a traditional, male

way

former of or in an earlier time; before the present time or in the past

Coral reef an area of coral, the top of which can sometimes be seen just

above the s

frontier a border between two countries

region a particular area or part of the world

reptile an animal that produces eggs and uses the heat of the sun to keep

its blood warm

earthquake a sudden violent movement of the earth's surface, sometimes

causing great damage

flood to cause to fill or become covered with water, especially in a way

that causes problems

hurricane a violent wind that has a circular movement, especially in the

West Atlantic Ocean

Tornado a strong, dangerous wind that forms itself into an upside-down

spinning cone and is able to destroy buildings as it moves across

the ground

tsunami an extremely large wave caused by a violent movement of the

earth under the sea

instructions Orders, things that someone tells you to do

authorities the group of people with official legal power to make decisions or

http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/tell


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make people obey the laws in a particular area, such as the police

or a local government department

damage to harm or spoil something

activist a person who believes strongly in political or social change and

takes part in activities such as public protests to try to make this

happen

defend

erosion the fact of soil, stone, etc. being gradually damaged and removed

by the waves, rain, or wind

disaster to protect someone or something against attack or criticism; to

speak in favour of someone or something

origin the beginning or cause of something

panic panic

strike to refuse to continue working because of an argument with an

employer about working conditions, pay levels, or job losses

conference a meeting in which especially business matters are discussed

formally:

ban to forbid (= refuse to allow) something, especially officially

laws laws

pastime an activity that is done for enjoyment

solution the answer to a problem

Environmentally

friendly

not harmful to the environment

sponsor to support a person, organization, or activity by giving money,

encouragement, or other help


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Prepositional phrases

Preposition + word + preposition

- in charge of

- in behalf of

- in favour of

- in memory of

- in comparison to / with

- in the mood for

- in connection with

- in support of

- with/in regard to

- as a result of

Examples

-Who will be in charge of the company when Sophie leaves?

-Will you accept the prize on my behalf?

-I’m not in favour of hitting children.

-A service was held in memory of those who had died in the fighting.

-I’m not really in the mood for shopping.

-A man has been arrested in connection with the murder.

-I’m writing to you with regard to your letter of 15 March

Nouns + prepositions

* reason for

* specialist in

* need for

* solution to

* threat to

* damage to

* description of

http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/department

http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/leaves

http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-arabic/accept

http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-arabic/prize

http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/service

http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/held

http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/die

http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/fighting


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Compound nouns

Reptile habitat

Reptile care

pachyderm building

saltwater tank

coral reef exhibit

winter lights show

water park

golf course

hotel resort

car park

animal rights

protest march

traffic jam

forest fire

nature trail

city centre

home town

global warming

words easily confused

* damage : do something harmful to an object; spoil physically

injure :cause damage to a person or animal’s body

* knock : hit ( usually a door ) repeatedly in order to attract attention

hit : touch an object fast and using a lot of force

* affect (v) : have an influence on sb or sth

Effect (n) : a change produced by a particular influence

* consist (of) : used to say that sth is made up of various parts or things

Contain : include or have sth inside as a part

* belongings : a person’s possessions, i.e. whatever he/she owns

property : the land and the buildings in it which belong to a person

* protect : keep sth or sb safe from injury, damage or loss

defend : take action in order to protect or support sb or sth

rescue : get sb out of an unpleasant or dangerous situation

Worksheet


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Worksheet

A. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in capitals.

1- There have been over 200 …………………… for this job. APPLY

2- The ……………. of the village held a protest march about the new leisure complex

being built. INHABIT

3- The …………….. in the beauty competition had to do a presentation for the judges.

CONTEST

4- All passengers must wear life jackets for their own ………………… PROTECT

5- In order for this expedition to succeed, the ………….. of all the team members is

required. PARTICIPATE

6- Air ………………………. is a major problem in many big cities. POLLUTE

7- My new …………… is very efficient; she has reorganized all my files.

ASSIST

8- The aim of this project is the ………….. of more parks in the city centre. CREATE

B. Choose the correct option a, b, c or d to complete the sentences.

1- There is a large ………………… of cheese in this sauce.

a. amount b. sum c. number d. total

2- The government plans to ……………… the area before the storm.

a. evacuate b. abandon c. leave d. exit

3- This car’s ………………. runs on electricity instead of petrol.

a. machinery b. engine c. machine d. tank

4- The …………………… had to close down because the company was losing money.

a. industry b. cargo ship c. factory d. building

5- The shipwrecked sailor was ……………………. by a passing ship.

a. rescued b. protected c. defended d. recovered

6- No one was seriously …………………… in the car accident.

a. damaged b. injured c. broken d. ruined

7- At around five o’ clock, a stranger ………….. at my window.

a. hit b. hurt c. knocked d. touched

8- The committee ……………… of parents and teachers, as well as the principal of St.

Mary’s High school.

a. contains b. consists c. includes d. covers

Worksheet


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Worksheet

C. Complete the sentences below with the prepositions in the box.

You can use some prepositions more than once.

in for of on as with to

1- Alex is in charge ………………. the rescue mission.

2- The committee is in favour ………………… the proposed new building.

3-………. regard to your exam results, I would like to congratulate you .

4- I am writing ……. behalf of Mr Wilkinson, who is interested in buying your property .

5- The monument was built …………….. memory of the president.

6- I’m in the mood ……………. eating out tonight.

7- Fiona won the marathon …………… a result of her hard work and determination.

8- ………… comparison to the other actors, Mike’s performance was poor.

9- The reason ………….. which Annie wanted to get a postgraduate degree was mainly to

find a better job.

10- The doctor said that passive smoking can pose a real threat …………. our health.

D. Read the sentences and circle the correct answer.

1- The environmental group are trying to clean up / pick up the beach.

2- While the man was collecting sea shells from the beach he closed down / came across a

diamond .

3- Peter has an impressive collection of unfashionable / vintage cars in his garage.

4- Whales have become an endangered / abandoned species because they are hunted by

humans.

5- Mothers have a special bond / blessing with their daughters.

6- The charity was given a handsome / panoramic sum of money from an anonymous donor.

7- Sam has a(n) pond / aquarium with goldfish in his back garden.

8- My parents’ advice had little affect / effect on my decision to quit my job.


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Worksheet

GRAMMAR

E. Complete the sentences with the correct tense of the verbs in brackets. Use

the Passive Voice.

1- A new motorway ………………….. (build) at the moment.

2- Thank you for your application. You ……………… (contact) as soon as we have made a

decision.

3- Dinner ………………………. (not serve) yet.

4- John ………………… (offer) a job as a project manager last week.

5- All the students …………………. (give) free textbooks next week.

6- Jonathan …………………….. (tell) to wait for the examiner.

7- Global warming …………………. (say) to be a threat to our planet.

8- Yesterday, I ………………. (make) to wait for the dentist for over an hour!

9- You cannot visit the west wing of the museum because some exhibits………… (restore) at

the

moment.

10- I ……………. (tell) not to allow anyone in the building.

F. Rewrite the following sentences using the Passive Voice.

1- The coach expects Joanne to perform well in the tennis match today.

…………………………………………………………………………………………...

2- A man spotted a whale in the River Thames this morning.

…………………………………………………………………………………………...

3- Elizabeth has made this delicious chocolate cake.

…………………………………………………………………………………………...

4- The airline staff notified the passengers that flight A2236 was cancelled.

…………………………………………………………………………………………...

5- The Head teacher gave Tom an award for his outstanding achievements.

. …………………………………………………………………………………………...

6- The bad weather is delaying the train.

…………………………………………………………………………………………...

7- People believe that exercising makes you healthy.

…………………………………………………………………………………………...

8- Peter gave Kate a box of chocolates.

…………………………………………………………………………………………...


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Worksheet

G. Read the sentences and circle the correct answers.

1- Although / Because Jennifer was in terrible pain after the operation, she never

complained.

2- Despite / In spite the tight deadline, they managed to finish building the house on time.

3- Jerry went to see the performance again, because / even though he had already seen it

twice.

4- Despite / Although it was very large, the house only had two bedrooms.

5- Rebecca managed to take part in the race, in spite of the fact that / because she had a

knee injury .

6- Margaret went bungee jumping despite / even though being eighty years old.

7- In spite of / Although failing her driving test, Lucy didn’t give up and continued taking

lessons.

8- Even though / Despite there was a demonstration in the city centre, I was able to get to

work on time.

Prep 3- Booklet 1st Term ( Traveller )

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Transcript of Prep 3- Booklet 1st Term ( Traveller )