Predicting Single & Double Displacement Reactions

The Activity Series

• The Activity Series is used to predict the outcome of single displacement reactions

• The higher a metal is on the Activity Series, the more likely it will react with those below it

• A metal will not displace a metal higher on the activity series than itself

KNaLiCaMgAlZnFeNiSnPbHCuHgAgAu

The Activity Series Cont.

• The metals near the top are more reactive because their valence electrons are more easily removed

• H is the only nonmetal in the series, H2 may be displaced from acids or can be given off when a metal reacts with H2O producing H2 + metal hydroxide

The Activity Series Questions

• Which of these will react?– K + NaCl ???– K + NaCl Na + KCl– Al + AgNO3 ???– Al + AgNO3 Ag + AL(NO3)3

– Cu + CaCO3 ???– Cu + CaCO3 Ca + CuCO3

– Pb + ZnO ???– Pb + ZnO No Rxn

KNaLiCaMgAlZnFeNiSnPbHCuHgAgAu

The Solubility Table

• The Solubility Table is used to predict the outcome of double replacement reactions

The Solubility Table Cont.• If at least one product of a double replacement

reaction is solid then a reaction occurs• If any gas is formed, the reaction will occur.– Possible Gases - H2, Cl2, O2, N2, H2S, HF, HCl, HBr, Hl, CO,

CO2, SO2, SO3, NH3, NO, NO2, HCN.

• If an unionized substance is formed such as H20 or NH3, the the reaction will occur.

• If both products of a double replacement reaction are aqueous or soluble then NO reaction occurs

The Solubility Table Questions

• Which of these will react?– NaCl (aq) + Ba3(PO4)2 (s) ???– NaCl (aq) + Ba3(PO4)2 (s) No Rxn– FeCO3 (s) + CaCl (aq) ???– FeCO3 (s) + CaCl (aq) FeCl2 (aq) + CaCO3 (s)

– LiNO3 (aq) + MgBr2 (aq) ???– LiNO3 (aq) + MgBr2 (aq) No Rxn– Zn(OH)2 (s) + NiSO4 (aq) ???– Zn(OH)2 (s) + NiSO4 (aq) ZnSO4 (aq) + Ni(OH)2 (s)