Predator vs. Prey
description
Transcript of Predator vs. Prey
![Page 1: Predator vs. Prey](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061610/56815ef1550346895dcdb2a0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Predator vs. Prey • prey impacts predator population more
hunters kill 500,000 deer/year
predators switch prey instead of starve
Act. 1 – lynx and hareAct. 2 – pike and perch
![Page 2: Predator vs. Prey](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061610/56815ef1550346895dcdb2a0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Population density/distribution (14.3, pgs. 436-439)
population density – how many organisms live in a defined area
![Page 3: Predator vs. Prey](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061610/56815ef1550346895dcdb2a0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Predator vs. Prey](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061610/56815ef1550346895dcdb2a0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
clumpeddispersion
uniformdispersion
randomdispersion
population dispersion –
how the population is spread out
Population density/distribution (14.3, pgs. 436-439)
clumped – for mating, protection, or food spotuniform – territory and food competition
![Page 5: Predator vs. Prey](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061610/56815ef1550346895dcdb2a0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Population density/distribution (14.3, pgs. 436-439)
clumped
uniform
![Page 6: Predator vs. Prey](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061610/56815ef1550346895dcdb2a0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Population density/distribution (14.3, pgs. 436-439)
Type I – big mammals (black bear)• few young (1-3), lots of care
Type II – small mammals, birds, rabbits• more young (4-12), less care
Type III – insects, parasites• thousands of young, no care
![Page 7: Predator vs. Prey](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061610/56815ef1550346895dcdb2a0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Population density/distribution (14.3, pgs. 436-439)
![Page 8: Predator vs. Prey](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061610/56815ef1550346895dcdb2a0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Population growth patterns (14.4, pgs. 440-444)
Factors that affect populations:1. immigration – species moving in
2. emigration – species moving out
3. birth rate – goes up when habitat is good
4. death rate – goes down when habitat is good
![Page 9: Predator vs. Prey](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061610/56815ef1550346895dcdb2a0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Population growth patterns (14.4, pgs. 440-444)
exponential growth – rapid population growth due to abundant resources (pennies)
J-curve
Australia: 24 were brought in 1859 for sport hunting, but enough food, and no good predators = 200-300 million today
![Page 10: Predator vs. Prey](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061610/56815ef1550346895dcdb2a0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Population growth patterns (14.4, pgs. 440-444)
logistic growth – slow growth, then exponential growth, then level off due to resource limits
S - curve
![Page 11: Predator vs. Prey](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061610/56815ef1550346895dcdb2a0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Population growth patterns (14.4, pgs. 440-444)
carrying capacity - average # supported by an ecosystem; environment quality can change capacity
population crash - dramatic decline• when above carrying capacity• weather related possibly• fire• new species that messes things up
![Page 12: Predator vs. Prey](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061610/56815ef1550346895dcdb2a0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Population growth patterns (14.4, pgs. 440-444)
limiting factors – factors that keep population down
1. density-dependent factors: are affected by the population of individuals; when above capacity• competition, predation, parasitism and disease,
starvation
2. density-independent factors: not related to population; can happen anytime
• unusual weather, natural disasters, human activity
![Page 13: Predator vs. Prey](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061610/56815ef1550346895dcdb2a0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)