Precision Farming - Present and Future
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Transcript of Precision Farming - Present and Future
8/4/2019 Precision Farming - Present and Future
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Topic: Precision farming: present and future
Johari Jalinas
Centre for Insects Systematic,
School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences
Faculty of Science and Technology,
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
e-mail: [email protected]
Farming is the practice in the agriculture to produce food such as grains and live stock.
Agriculture is one of the oldest sources of human livelihood and can be found in most parts
of the world. It has developed from simple cultivation to differentiated forms. Agricultural
production is very important for human needs and the most importantly the production of
essential nutritional products, supplying raw materials for industrial purposes, and producing
bioenergy.
Precision farming is very important practice to increase the production of the yield of the
crops or livestock’s in farming activities. In order to do the precision farming, the farmers
should identify and know the problems that occurred or will happen during the farming
activities. The problems might be caused by environmental factors. Environmental problems
in agriculture vary from one country to another (Kirchmann and Thorvaldsson 2000) Some of
them are caused by natural conditions (high native heavy metal content, drought, volcanic
eruptions, etc.), others depend on agricultural practices (leaching of nutrients and pesticides
etc), and some are related to human influence in other areas (air pollution). The relativeimportance of the quality components varies between countries or areas depending on the
environmental and agricultural conditions point out the kinds of problems agriculture is
facing and to present important quality components of agriculture we should be aware of. The
problems such as insect resistant had caused the farmer loss billion of dollars.
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Historically, nutrient exhaustion and soil erosion may have been the principal reasons why
agricultural systems have not been sustainable in humid and humid tropical areas. Traditional
tillage to improve subsoil conditions through deep plowing or ripping, sometimes combined
with ameliorant addition, have often failed to provide a better structure. Massive soil
loosening may not result in long-term improvement of the structure because the organic
carbon content and microbial activity in subsoils are too low for formation of stable
aggregates
Present status
The aim and the purpose of the precision farming is to increase the yield and the quality of the crops or livestock. The quality components are aimed for characterizing the quality of
agricultural production systems in their wholeness and can be used as a checklist of what we
should be aware of concerning protection of the environment, production of healthy food and
the practice of good ethics
1. The protection of agricultural soils is essential for maintaining the production
potential and ensuring a high quality of agricultural products (Soil erosion and
salinization, Soil fertility, Compaction of subsoils, Soil pollution
2. The protection of other biospheres, the atmosphere and groundwater (Use of
pesticides, Leaching of plant nutrients, Emission of climatic trace gases,
3. Conservative resource practices are required to achieve a long-lasting of natural
resources. (Use of water resources, Circulation of plant nutrients, Energy use,
Biological di6ersity
4. High quality of agricultural products
5. Attractive countryside (Farms should be tidy and fit into the landscape. The
appearance of farms gives the product an image. It may be hard to convince
consumers of the quality of a product if the aesthetic of the farm does not support it.
Each farm should express robustness, care, attractiveness and environmental
adaptation.
6. Ethic
7. Implementation of the Integrated Pest Management in increased the production of the
crops above the Economic Threshold level (ETL). (Cultural control,Biological
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control, Chemical control, Behavioral manipulation, Host Plant Resistance,
Ecological Engineered agrosystem).
Introducing of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, and plant breeding have increased
productivity and made crop production possible on previously uncultivated land (Kirchmann
and Thorvaldsson 2000).
Future status
1.
Conservative resource practices are required to achieve a long-lasting of naturalresources In addition, salinization, the accumulation of salts in the surface soils of arid
and semiarid regions where annual evaporation is greater than leaching, is detrimental
to plant growth.
2. The fertility of soils is a prerequisite for their production potential. In the long run,
soil fertility can only be maintained if the output of plant nutrients through harvested
products and losses in the form of leaching and gaseous emissions is compensated by
an equivalent input. Thus, recycling needs to be supplemented with the addition of
nutrients to avoid a gradual reduction in soils with a low adsorbtive capacity and in
the longterm also in heavy textured soils.
3. The ‘smart’ sensors will be used in livestock farming, of which such as integrated
management systems (IMS) – relies upon automatic monitoring of livestock and
related physical processes.
4. Mathematical Modeling and software to plan strategy, predict the yield of products,
and making decision in farming (Such as DSSSAT 4)
5. Using sterile insects’ technique to control the insect pest such as fruitflies.
6. Yield monitoring by using high technology sensor
7. Geographic information system
References:
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Kirchmann, Holger, and Gudni Thorvaldsson. 2000. Challenging targets for future
agriculture. European Journal of Agronomy 12:145-161.
Wathes. C.M., Kristensen. H.H., Aerts. J. M., and Berckmans D. Is precision livestock farming
an engineer's daydream or nightmare, an animal's friend or foe, and a farmer's
panacea or pitfall.