PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL - · PDF filePRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL FURTHER...
Transcript of PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL - · PDF filePRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL FURTHER...
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
FIRST TARGET:
• Research on standard design of concrete lining precast segments, with reference to normal loading conditions (metro tunnels);
• Give metro lining tunnel design (soil type Milano) as “benchmark” for further developments in research topics (blast and fire engineering);
⇒ METRO OF PALERMO
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS:
• Awareness that only one design example is not enough for complete and deep understanding of concrete segment lining tunnel design;
• Need for “conceptual design” to investigate more variables pertaining standard design of concrete segment lining tunnel: not only about geometry of one only segment but with reference to all kind of details in geoemtery and joints.
⇒ NEED OF DESIGN DATABASE
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS:
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LINING
02 DATABASE - JOINTS DETAILS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS…
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LINING
• Collect and catalogue detail projects or “as build” of precast concrete lining tunnels, including all type of function roads/railways/hydraulics.
• Characterize main parameters: geometric ratios, mechanicals and structural ratios, geotechnical ad functional context.
• Deduce correlations between parameters to assess design trend under ordinary loads conditions.
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS …
02 DATABASE - JOINTS DETAILS
• Catalogue of segments joints type and constitutive laws.• Catalogue of type of gasket in segments.• Type of concrete admix applied outside concrete ring.
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS …BIBLIOGRAPHY• BLAST ENGINEERING….
� FEMA 426 Reference Manual to Mitigate Potential Terrorist Attacks Against Buildings
� FEMA 459 Incremental Protection for Existing Commercial Buildings from Terrorist Attack
• PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL ….� PAST EXPERIENCES: PASSANTE MILANO, METRO BARCELLONA
� NORMS & STANDARD: AFTES 1997 Precast concrete segments, Calcestruzzo extrusionato-rivestimento per tunnel
� LETERATURE REVIEW: 20 PAPERS & 3 THESIS
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LININGList of main parameters:
a) Tunnel type. ⇒ Roads/Railways/Hydraulicsb) Geological and geotechnical context.
i. Soil type ⇒ [-]ii. H max/min soil overburden ⇒ [m]iii. Geotechnical parameters ⇒ γ φ-c’ / cu
c) Excavation diameter. ⇒ Ds [mm]d) External lining diameter ⇒ De [mm]e) Lining average length (circular) ⇒ La [mm]
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LININGList of main parameters :…
f) Segments thickness. ⇒ s [mm]g) N segments/ring. ⇒ n [-]h) Type of ring. ⇒ universal/straight…i) Segment thickness/ring diameter ratio⇒ s / De [-]j) Reinforcement density. ⇒ ptot [kg/mc]
i. Longitudinal reinforcement ⇒ ρl =Asl/Ac [%]ii. Transversal reinforcement ⇒ ρt =Ast/Ac [%]iii. % principal and secondary reinforcement.⇒ p1/ptot e p2/ptot [%]
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LININGList of main parameters :…
k) Concrete volume / tunnel unitary length ratio. ⇒ [mq]l) Comp. segment concrete strength Rck. ⇒ [MPa]m)Compressive strength ratio. ⇒ N/(Acxfck) [-]n) Presence of additional inner lining . ⇒ [-]o) Filling behind segments.
i. Type ⇒ [-]ii. Thickness ⇒ se [mm]
p) Presence of seal band ⇒ [-]q) Tension strength ⇒ [-]
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LININGList of main parameters :…
r) Gaskets ⇒ [-]s) Max design pressure ⇒ [kPa]t) Type of longitudinal joints. ⇒ [-]
i. N/segment ⇒ [-]ii. Diameter ⇒ dl [mm]
u) Type of transversal joints. ⇒ [-]i. N/segment ⇒ [-]ii. Diameter ⇒ dt [mm]
v) Type of TBM. ⇒ [-]
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LINING
� Need to define database with uniform and standard parameters that may be extended to more design offices, to improve database content.
� Anonymous source (with ), data coded: X-YYY-NX = S (roads), T (railways), H (hydraulics)YYY = design office (origin of data), ex. LOMN = progressive number
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LINING
Ring slenderness
y = 0.0399x + 29.644
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000
∅∅∅∅ext (outer diameter) [mm]
s (s
egm
ent t
hic
knes
s) [m
m]
Design data
Linear interp.
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LINING
Segment area aspect ratio
y = 2.5307x - 797.35
0500
100015002000250030003500400045005000
1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200
Segment length [mm]
Seg
men
t wid
th [m
m]
Design data
Linear interp.
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LINING
Ring segments number vs. Tunnel diameter
y = 0.0003x + 4.8194
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000
∅∅∅∅ext (outer diameter) [mm]
n (
segm
ent)
[#]
Design data
Linear interp.
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LINING
Concrete lining volume vs. Tunnel diameter
y = 2.3584x - 8.5708
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00
∅∅∅∅ext (outer diameter) [m]
Co
ncr
ete
volu
me
[m3]/
tu
nn
el u
nit
ary
len
gth
[m
] -
[m2 ]
Design data
Linear interp.
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LINING
Segment longitudinal % reinf. vs. thickness
y = 9E-06x + 0.0051
0.00%
0.20%
0.40%
0.60%
0.80%
1.00%
1.20%
100 200 300 400 500 600 700
s (thicness) [mm]
Lo
ng
. Rei
nf.
%
Design data
Linear interp.
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LINING
Segment transverse % reinf. vs. thickness
y = 2E-07x + 0.0006
0.00%
0.02%
0.04%
0.06%
0.08%
0.10%
0.12%
0.14%
100 200 300 400 500 600 700
s (thickness) [mm]
Tra
nsv
. Rei
nf.
%
Design data
Linear interp.
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LINING
Segments reinf. principal+secondary
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
14.20 9.50 5.90 3.44 6.80 4.78
∅∅∅∅ext (outer diameter) [m]
Pri
nci
pal
/Sec
on
dar
y re
inf.
[%
]
Secondary reinf.
Principal reinf.
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LINING
Concrete comp. strength vs. segment thickness
y = 0.0323x + 34.658
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
100 200 300 400 500 600 700
s (thickness) [mm]
Co
ncr
ete
com
p.s
tren
gth
[N
/mm
2]
Design data
Linear interp.
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LINING
Reinforcement volumetric ratio vs. Tunnel diameter
y = 0.7253x + 127.61
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00
∅∅∅∅ext (outer diameter) [m]
Rei
nfo
rcem
ent
volu
met
ric
rati
o
[kg
/m3]
Design data
Linear interp.
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LINING
Reinforcement volumetric ratio vs. s/∅∅∅∅ext ratio
y = -466.02x + 154.87
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0.030 0.035 0.040 0.045 0.050 0.055 0.060
s/∅∅∅∅ext [-]
Rei
nfo
rcem
ent
volu
met
ric
rati
o
[kg
/m3]
Design data
Linear interp.
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LININGN. longitudinal connectors vs. segment length
y = 0.7253x + 127.61
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000
Segment length [mm]
N. l
on
git
udin
al c
onn
ecto
rs [
#]
Design data
Linear interp.
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LINING
N. transversal connectors vs. segment width
y = 0.7253x + 127.61
0
1
2
3
1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200
Segment width [mm]
N. t
ran
sver
sal c
on
nec
tors
[#]
Design data
Linear interp.
PRECAST CONCRETE LINING TUNNEL
01 DATABASE - PRECAST CONCRETE TUNNEL LINING
N. longitudinal connectors vs. segment weight
y = 0.7253x + 127.61
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Segment weight [kN]
N. l
on
git
ud
inal
co
nn
ecto
rs [
#]
Design data
Linear interp.