pre1 lesson1

8/13/2019 pre1 lesson1

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: Grammar::

1. I asked him .he had done it all by himself or someone had helped him . 91.as 2.whether 3.when 4.since

2. I've offered her the job , but I don't know .she'll accept it . 0 1.whereas 2.whether 3.because 4.since

3. We can enjoy exercising ..we are young or old . 81. since 2. whether 3. because 4. even though

4. He always listens to the radio driving his car . 0 1.while 2.since 3.whether 4.because

5. He has not seen old friends he arrived here last week . 1 1.when 2.since 3.so that 4.so as to

6. I feel a bit sleepy . I attend classes in the afternoon .

1. as 2. whether 3. when 4. since

7. ..we dontuse the car very often , we have decided to sell it . 9

1.While 2.Though 3.Whether 4.Since

8. We were watching TV all enening we had nothing better to do . 0

1.as 2.if 3.so that 4.whether

9...we had done a lot of exercise , we felt too tired .

1. Since 2. As 3. Although 4. one & two

10.We asked Philip to come with us ..he knew the road .1. unless 2. while 3. as 4. whether

11.I want to know he will accept the job offer or not .1. whether 2. when 3. since 4.as


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12.The school has given George a prize ..he has been a good student .1. since 2. so that 3. unless 4. because of

13.The mirror fell and broke ..my mother was hanging it on the wall .1. during 2. while 3. although 4. since

14.Tom will get a good mark in his exam the questionsare easy or difficult .1. unless 2. so that 3. since 4. whether

15.I haven't seen Reza ..he returned to the village .1. from 2. when 3. while 4. since

16.I usually study English at the weekend , .. I am very busy during the week .1. although 2. whether 3. unless 4. as

17. ..he grewolder , he lost interest in everything except gardening .

1. Since 2. As 3. As soon as 4. Unless

18.We couldn't arrive on time ..of deep snow .1. as 2. because 3. for 4. since

19.We have to write the letter in French they don't understand English .1.since 2. when 3. while 4.whether

20.She slipped and was injured she was climbing upthe mountain .1. since 2. as 3. because 4. whether

21." What is Reza going to do tonight ? " " He has decided to go out it rains . "1. whether or not 2. as 3. while 4. so that

22.I stayed at home and relaxed I felt really tired .1. whether 2. since 3. when 4.unless

23.One of the questions of interest in the study of the evolution of spiders ..........evolved only once or more .81. is whether the weaving of orb webs 2. that is weaving orb webs

3. how is the weaving of orb webs 4. if it is weaving of orb webs

24.Tom has not been able to find any friends he began his search . 91.since 2.because 3.whereas 4.whether


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25.The old man felt lonely at home .he had no one to talk to .1. because of 2. as 3. while 4.when

26.Some people change their eating habits ..they get older .1. because 2. as 3. before 4. whether

27 . She's been very sad ..her husband went to hospital .

1. since 2. whether 3.when 4. because of

28 .the economy is uncertain , people tend to spend less .1. Whether 2. When 3. While 4. Although

29 . ..all of the students had done poorly on the test , the teacher decided to give it again .1. Unless 2. So that 3.Until 4. Since

30 . we grow older , our bodies become less efficient at burning up calories . 1 1.While 2.Since 3.Although 4.As

31. The problem of traffic is getting worse ..more cars make appearance on our crowded roads .

1. so that 2. while 3. as 4. although

32. I didnt get the job I didnt have the necessary qualifications . 9

1.while 2.although 3.but 4.because

33. we don't use the car very often , we've decided to sell it .

1. So that 2. As 3. Although 4. Whether

34. All his friends have visited him .he was released from hospital .

1. while 2. when 3. as 4. since

35. .it was getting late , we took the train to reach there on time . 0

1.So 2.As 3.Until 4.so that

36. ..you haven't seen the new museum , I'll take you there on Sunday .

1. As 2. Until 3. While 4. When

37. We listened to the news on the radio ..our TV set was broken .

1. unless 2. whether 3. because 4. so that


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38 . You will get hungry during class you eat breakfast .

1. unless 2. until 3. since 4. when

39. Reza bought a bicycle ..he was unable to afford a car .

1. as soon as 2. when 3. because 4. while

40. . I ask him questions , he says he doesn't know the answer .

1. Whether 2. When 3. although 4. As

41. She began to lose interest in her job .she faced more problems .

1. whether 2. when 3. since 4. as

42. people get older , they become less flexible .

1. As 2.When 3. Since 4. While

43. We were eating dinner ..the little boy opened the door .

1.as 2. since 3. when 4. whether

44. He came up to me and asked .. I was enjoying myself .

1. whether 2. when 3. since 4. as

45. Ramin has been sending letters to me since he to England .

1. goes 2. went 3. had gone 4. gone

46. Her grandparents died she was only a girl of five .

1. when 2. since 3. because 4. as

47. I saw one of my old friends . I was walking in the street .

1. since 2. as 3. because 4. whether

48. We will go on a trip .you are ready or not .

1. since 2. when 3. whether 4. as

49. I bought a magazine to amuse myself I was on the train.

1. because 2. since 3. while 4. unless

50. He has a very strong body he does a lot of exercise .

1. since 2. as 3. because 4. one & two & three


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: :Vocabulary::

1. Many people like to some food in case of an emergency . 81.rise 2. store 3. survive 4. decrease

2. The office is going to working hours from 25 to 30 per week .1. increase 2. release 3. research 4. store

3. I have a useful experience from doing that job for years . 21,guaranteed 2.guessed 3.gained 4.guided

4. The ..of advertising is to create a unique image for your company . 11.prediction 2.reference 3.involvement 4.function

5. There was a lot of noise in the room , but I tried to .my mind on my work .1. store 2. focus 3. join 4. switch

6. We were waiting .for my father coming backfrom Mecca . 2

1.anxiously 2.smoothly 3.personaly 4.necessarily

7. You must promise to writeme .. . I don't want to lose touch with you .1. suddenly 2. regularly 3. perfectly 4. flexibly

8. I went to the exam session full of .., it was more difficult than I had imagined . 2 1.posture 3.mystery 3.confidense 4.patience

9. A tree can stand up to a strong wind because it is .and has long roots .1. comfortable 2. flexible 3. serious 4. responsible

10 . When I ..my answers with the teacher's , I found why I had made that mistake .

1. managed 2. handled 3. compared 4. struggled

11.Some computer programs need a continuous update to be . .11.relevant 2.effective 3.fortunate 4.flexible


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12.The government tried tothe country's industry by reducing the import of cheap goods . 81. include 2. join 3. protect 4. estimate

13.They're very kind in that museum- not only is the entrance fee .but theygive you a brochure for free .81. flexible 2. reasonable 3. interchangeable 4. various

14.E-mail provides a(n)way of communicating with people thats fast and cheap . 91.powerful 2.supportive 3.efficient 4.emotional

15.The Centeral Mountains for hundreds of kilometers from north to south . 01.reacts 2.stretches 3.locates 4.hits

16.What the newspapers say is not always a fair ..of what really happens . 01.instument 2.movement 3.statement 4.improvement

17.No one believed what he said ; his excuse was not 11.reasonable 2.artificial 3.complex 4.efficient

18.The boy down and picked up the coins lying on the road .1. stretched 2. bent 3. moved 4. placed

19.Our national football team was ..from the World Cup last year . 01.reduced 2.recalled 3.followed 4.omitted

20.Do you think that the president has lost the ..of the people ?1. joint 2. information 3.competition 4. support

21.Students must reach a high standard to pass the course in university . 11.sufficiently 2.wisely 3.capably 4.firmly

22.The success of this project .on everyone making an endeavor .1.designs 2. relies 3. decides 4. refers

23.For a long time after the accident my sister had no ..in her right leg . 2 1.expectation 2.movement 3.mood 4.stretch

24.Ronaldo .the national football team when he was 19 .1. weighed 2. increased 3. joined 4. suggested


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25.I was so .that my daughter had been accepted in Tehran University .1. straight 2. proud 3. unknown 4. weak

26.The bony part of the head that protects the brain is called " .. ."1. chest 2. skull 3. joint 4. knee

27.I ..think she should be blamed for the difficulties she had been having . 91.personally 2. powerfully 3. artificially 4. economically

28.Be.. ! I can't change all my plans for you .1. useful 2. relaxed 3. reasonable 4. excellent

29.Aerobic exercise helps the carry the blood easily . 1. vessels 2. ankles 3. joints 4. lungs

30.A: How many scientists took part in the conference ? B: 50 ones . 11.Mostly 2.primarily 3.Immediately 4.Nearly

31.I've had a lot of pain in my recently , especially in my wrists and shoulders . 1. joints 2. blood 3. brain 4. ankles

32.The cars which greenhouse gases into the air are a danger to the environment .1. process 2. release 3. realize 4. perform

33.Half of the students fell asleep during the long ..lecture .1. efficient 2. excellent 3. repetitive 4. straight

34.Physical exercise can you against heart diseases . 81. protect 2. develop 3. create 4. improve

35.All attempts to .an international language have more or less failed .1. mention 2. create 3. protect 4. brush

36.She out herarm to take the book .1. weighed 2. picked 3. touched 4.strechted


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37.We need a .management system , able to meet the changing needs of our customers . 81. sufficient 2. flexible 3. various 4. voluntary

38.At last , after 20 years he was ..from prison last week . 1. bothered 2. created 3. released 4. lifted

39.This region .most of the country's rice .1. mentions 2. produces 3. compares 4. exercises

40.She's suffering from cancer . She's breathing hardly .1. mind 2. joint 3. lung 4. knee

41.His mother asked him not to her with his foolish questions .1. bother 2. rely 3. accept 4. respect

42.The .in ice cream sales was due to the unusual hot weather . 1.amount 2.purpose 3.increase 4.content

43.Smoking ..your chances of getting cancer . 81. taps 2. increases 3. produces 4. releases

44.Bend your .when you lift heavy things .1. ankles 2. joints 3. knees 4. vessels

45.Many Asian countries import raw .1. functions 2. fats 3. endorphins 4. materials

46.Regular exercise helps you keep in shape and enjoy your life . The underlined words mean . .1. right 2. active 3. fresh 4. fit

47.Everybody disagreed with his suggestion at the meeting because it wasn't .................. .1. reasonable 2. unreadable 3. impossible 4. responsible

48.The branches of the apple trees were ..with the weight of the fruit . 1. sending 2. putting 3. slowing 4. bending

49.To do something efficiently means to do it well and with no of time and energy . 1. value 2. pressure 3. waste 4. decrease


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50.To get for the race , I was going to the sports center every day . 1.sun 2. oil 3.tool 4.fit

51.People who work for long ..at a computer screen must ensure that they have regular breaks . 1. spaces 2. tracks 3. periods 4. functions

52.Surely the function of law is to ..everyone's rights .1. protect 2. prevent 3. release 4. educate

53.When I was talking to him last night , he ..that his wife was sick . 1. prepared 2. mentioned 3. managed 4. searched

54.She treated all her children alike without .. .1. distinction 2. realization 3. comparison 4. measurement

55.So tired was David that he went to bed .1. worried 2. straight 3. nervous 4. proud

56.It's not ..to jump into the water to save somebody when you don't know how to swim yourself .1. religious 2. regular 3. repetitive 4. reasonable

57.Some insects as well as other kinds of animals food for winter . 1. include 2. store 3. protect 4. guide

58.Don't buy that car ! Its engine doesn't work .81. financially 2. extremely 3. efficiently 4. developmentally

59.We need a secretary who is really in managing the office and making it run well . 2 1.voluntary 2.efficient 3.reflected 4.self - employed

60.A : Will you ..us fordinner tonight ? B : I'm sorry , I've to study for my test .1. recall 2. borrow 3. suggest 4. join

61.The farmer said , " This soil is very good for plants . It's full of . . " 1. organs 2. objects 3. nutrients 4. activities

62.Young children often find it difficult to themselves in words .

1. express 2. hate 3. carry 4. support


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63.He .his belief that the system should be allowed sufficient time to work . 2 1.prevented 2.restated 3.distracted 4.provided

64.The two ..tried to solve the problem , but they couldn't as it was really hard .1. conditions 2. headings 3. products 4. partners

65.Some children are so flexible that they can bend down and touch their .. .1. stairs 2. facts 3. toes 4. vessels

66.Would you walk a bit more slowly ? I'm really out of .1. blood 2. breath 3. basis 4. heart

67.The essay was published under the .. ' The importance of education ' .

1. result 2. fear 3. trouble 4. heading

68.He never gets angry when somebody with him .1. influences 2. disagrees 3. remembers 4. decides

69.Machines can now perform many tasks in the home . 21.irrelevant 2.surrounding 3.anxious 4.repetitive

70.He said that it was ..that caused him to make the mistake .1. attention 2. tiredness 3. practice 4. attempt

71.Good food and .exercise are the key to good health .1. central 2. regular 3. heavy 4. powerful

72.I don't want to .you with my problems at the moment .1. injury 2. preach 3. damage 4. bother

73.I lost my .and couldn't follow what the teacher was saying .1. concentration 2. explanation 3. formation 4. emotion

74.The police ..the first report withthe second .1. defined 2. realized 3. compared 4. influenced

75.The terrorists asked for a huge amount of money to ..the man .1. explore 2. explain 3. release 4. Discover


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76.He wished he was more .and didn't have such a flat chest .1. proper 2. giant 3. muscular 4. disabled

77.He is wearing dark glasses to his eyes from the sun . 1. provide 2. protect 3. obey 4. produce

78.In most countries ,the people all understand one language .They feel of their country and its history.1. worried 2. nervous 3. proud 4. disabled

79.The organ inside your chest that sends blood around your body is your . .1. lung 2. heart 3. cell 4. skull

80.Some people think that exercising is the most effective way to lose .1. breath 2. pressure 3. health 4. weight

81.Despite all existing evidences , the man denied that he was involved in the criminal...1. trouble 2. exercise 3. activity 4. substance

82.The fire department is still ..floodwater out of the house .1. pumping 2. blowing 3. filling 4. storing

83.If you have dry you had better use some cream everyday .1. chest 2. skin 3. bone 4. ankle

84.The report was detailed . I wanted someone to ..it for me .1. advise 2. prefer 3. release 4. summarize

85.I havent finished my work yet . I need some time to do it .1. common 2. extra 3. reasonable 4. excellent

86.I'm not going to get into the .of always having sugar with my tea .1. title 2. function 3. habit 4. shape

87.Running is an excellent way to ..extra calories .1. burn up 2. pick up 3. store 4. carry out

88.A heart attack is caused when the blood .of the heart are blocked .1. muscles 2. samples 3. vessels 4. Joints


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89.I told my boss that Id like to be .to another department .1.decided 2.searched 3.awarded 4.transfered

90.As we get older our body becomes less .at burning up calories .1. protective 2. proud 3. efficient 4. different

91.My tennis ..has hurt hisarm , so he can't play today .1. partner 2. viewer 3. designer 4. winner

93.The teacher..the principlesof nuclear force to the class ,but only a few of them seemed to understand .

1. realized 2. explained 3. protected 4. developed

94.To do this exercise , you should .slowly from your waist and bring your head down to your knees.1. climb 2. join 3. release 4. bend

95.John was very ...........when his father appeared on TV, and he was given The Nobel Prize. 81. proud 2. smooth 3. anxious 4. mild

96.As a result of the improvements , the car uses ..fuel .1. extra 2. less 3. fine 4. fit

97.The doctor says no or lifting for at least six weeks . 1. breathing 2. releasing 3. bending 4. climbing

98.He ..his time at high school because he didn't work hard .1. summarized 2. protected 3. stretched 4. wasted

99.The American Apollo missions returned rocks from the moon that ........the theory that the moon was oncepart of the Earth . 8

1. protect 2. estimate 3. support 4. locate

100. If we do not find a good solution for the problem now , we will be up trouble for ourselvesin the near future . 2

1.storing 2.lifting 3.keeping 4.joing


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: : Cloze Test::

Cloze one : ( s . e . 88 )Psychology is the science of mental life . By mental life , we mean (1) of the mind such as thinking ,

remembering , dreaming , (2) a friend , and understanding a language . Mental life (3)

includes emotions , or feelings , such as pleasur e and anxiety , and moods such as ti redness and wor ry .We

express our mental life in our (4) , for example , when we speak or write , or when we do something

(5) skill such as playing tennis .

1. 1) formations 2) expectations 3) presentation s 4) functions

2. 1) emphasizing 2) expressing 3) recognizing 4) generalizing

3. 1) so 2) too 3) also 4) either

4. 1) behavior 2) ability 3) basis 4) brain

5. 1) imagining 2) requiring 3) producing 4) realizing

Cloze two : (a . t . 89 )

Heart disease is caused by fatness , stress and smoking . It can often be (1) simply by eating the right

food and by getting (2)of exercise . Many types of cancer (3) by dietary factors and may be

prevented by keeping a healthy , (4) diet . Lung cancer is (5) caused by living and working in

a polluted environment and by smoking.

1. 1) developed 2) solved 3) examined 4) avoided

2. 1) many 2) much 3) plenty 4) lot

3. 1) caused 2) are caused 3) is caused 4) are causing

4. 1) relaxed 2) natural 3) balanced 4) effective

5. 1) generally 2)commonly 3) equally 4) briefly


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: : Reading::

Reading one : ( m . z . s . 88 )

I n the fir st few chapter of the Bible , the story of the making of the universe is told in a kind of picture

language. Af ter He had created the universe , God took some of the dust of the earth and made a man .

( Adam , his name , is simply the Hebrew word for man . ) H e was placed in a garden , call ed Eden , which

had f rui t , r ivers and everything else he could desir e .But Adam was lonely and so God made him a wi fe

fr om one of Adam's own r ibs . She was part of h im , and Adam called her Eve . These two perfect people

had complete freedom in the garden , except that they were forbidden to eat the fr ui t of one treethe Tr ee

of Knowledge of Good and Evil . They did not yet know evil and God wanted to keep them always innocent .

However , the devil came into the garden in the form of a snake and persuaded Eve to taste the frui t of thi s

tree . She in her tu rn gave some to Adam . By eating th is frui t they had broken the one law of the garden

and were no longer innocent . So God drove them out of the garden , leaving an angel with a fl aming

sword to guard it . This story shows how Adam and Eve , by disobeying God , brought evil in to the world .

1. Which sentence about Adam is NOT true ?

1) The name Adam is a non-English word .

2) God had made Adam before he created the universe .

3) Adam was placed in a garden only for some time .

4) Adam started to live with Eve at a certain stage in his life .

2. The beginning part of the Bible is mainly about .

1) the creation of the world . 2) the creation of a man speaking Hebrew

3) the story of a picture language . 4) God making Adam with some of the dust of outer space .

3. The word " persuaded " in closest in meaning to .

1) succeeded 2) suggested 3) managed 4) encouraged

4. According to the passage , Adam and Eve were not allowed to eat the fruit because .

1) the fruit belonged to Evil 2) God wanted to keep them innocent

3) they disliked innocence 4) it was the tree of the devil

5. We can conclude from the passage that .

1) Adam did not like to eat the fruit 2) Adam and Eve tried not to obey God

3) God sent Adam and Eve out of the universe 4) Adam and Eve lost their innocence


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Reading two : ( h . s . 89 )

Even when asleep the body needs energy .The more active a person is , the more energy the body uses .The energy comes from the chemical burning of carbohydrates , fats , proteins , and certain other

substances such as alcohol .

The energy values of dif ferent foods can be measured by burning them in a special small oven called a

calor imeter. Energy in food is often measured in calori es . One ki localor ie , usual ly wri tten as kcal or

Calor ie (with a capital C) , is the amount of energy requir ed to raise the temperature of one ki logram of

water by 1Celsius. I n f act , the Calor ie is a uni t of heat , not energy . I n the modern system of measurements

,energy is measured in joules . ( 1 Calor ie equals 4.2 ki lojoules ) . You can f ind the calor ie content of almost

any food by looking in a slimming magazine or book .

An adult needs , on average , a li ttle under 3,000 Calor ies a day . A manual worker woul d need 4,000

or more, because of the energy used up in physical activi ty . Chi ldren , who are growing and also very active

, need extra Calories as well . As people become older they need fewer Calories , partl y because they

are physical ly less active and par tly because some of their body tissues become chemicall y less active .

1.The best title for the passage is .1) Carbohydrates 2) Fats and Proteins

3) Energy and Food 4) Chemical Burning

2.According to the passage , the energy values of foods can be measured by . 1) chemicals 2) burning them in a calorimeter

3) the use of boiling water 4) the activity of the person

3.The passage points out that Calorie is actually a unit of . .1) heat 2) joules 3) energy 4) Celsius

4.Which of the following is likely to need fewer Calories ?1) Adults 2) Manual workers 3) Women 4) Old people

5.12.6 kilojoules equal .. calories .1) 3 2) 4 3) 2 4) 1


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Cloze : 3 ( azad . tajrobi 90 )

Nowadays people are more aware that wi ldl if e all over the world is in danger . Many species of

animals are threatened , and could easily become (1) if we do not make an effort to (2) them .

for many animals and bir ds , the problem is that their habitthe place (3) they live is (4) .

farmers use powerful chemicals to help them grow better (5) , but these chemicals pollute the

envi ronment .

1. 1) extinct 2) ignore 3) suffer 4) attack

2. 1) safe 2) serve 3) protect 4) harm

3. 1) which 2) as 3) where 4)that

4. 1) departing 2) disappearing 3) discovering 4) reducing

5. 1) products 2) fields 3) plants 4) crops

Reading : 3 ( azad .tajrobi 90 )

Carbohydrates , which are sugars , are an essenti al part of a healthy diet . They provide the main source

of energy for the body , and they also function on f lavor and sweeten f oods. Carbohydrates range from

simple sugar l ike glucose to complex sugar such as amylose and amylopectin . Nu tr itioni sts estimate

that carbohydrates shoul d make up about onefour th to onef if th of a person's diet.

A diet that i s defi cient in carbohydrates can have a bad effect on a person' s health . When the body lacks a

suf f icient amount of carbohydrates it must then use its protein suppl ies for energy ,a process call ed

gluconeogenesis . This , however , resul t in a lack of necessary protein , and fu rther health dif fi cult ies may

occur . A lack of carbohydrates can also lead to ketosis , a bui ldup of ketones in the body that causes

fati gue , lethargy , and bad breath .

1.According to the passage , which of the following does NOT describe carbohydrate ?1) a necessity 2) a protein supply 3) a range of sugar 4) an energy source

2.Which of the following words could best replace " deficient " as used in second paragraph ?1) essential 2) efficient ` 3) complex 3) insufficient

3.According to the passage , what do most nutritionists suggest ?

1) sufficient carbohydrate will prevent gluconeogenesis .2) carbohydrates are simple sugars called glucose .3) carbohydrates should make up about a quarter of a person's daily diet .4) carbohydrates should be eaten in very small quantities .

4.What is the main idea of this passage ?1) Carbohydrates are needed for good health .2) Carbohydrates prevent a build-up protein .3) Carbohydrates can cause ketosis .4) Carbohydrates are an expendable part of a good diet .


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Cloze 4 ( azad riyazi 91 )

Many of us use the internet on a regular basis and even have (1) to it from our homes .The net

in internet really stands for network . A network is two or more computers connected together (2)

information can be (3) , or sent from one computer to another .The internet is a vast (4) for

all types Of i nformation .You may enjoy using it to do (5) for a school project , downloading your

favorite songs or communicating with fr iends and fami ly .

1.1) attach 2) combine 3) access 4) design2.1) so as 2) while 3) because 4) so that3.1) shared 2) composed 3) released 4) processed4.1) vehicle 2) case 3) device 4) resource

5.1) reasearch 2) entertainment 3) experiment 4) presentation

Reading 4 ( azad riyazi 91 )

According to the National Academy of Sciences , the Earths sureface temperature has ri sen by about 1

degree Fahr enheit in the past century , with increased warming dur ing the past two decades .There is newand stronger evidence that most of the warming over the last 50 years is because of human activit ies.

Human activiti es have changed the chemical composition of the atmosphere by buil d up of greenhouse

gases primari ly carbon dioxide , methane , annd ni trous oxide . The heattrapping property of these gases

is uninevitable although doubts exist about exactly how earths climate respond to them .

1. The text says that . .1) the twentieth century has had no change in temperature

2) in the present century the Earth is not getting warmer

3) the last two decades have been warmer than before

4) the Earths inner temprature has decreased in the past century

2. Human activities .. .1)have been the cause of increase in greenhouse gases

2)might be very useful for the atmodphere3)have changed the shape of the atmosphere4)have kept the chemical composition of the atmosphere fixed

3. The underlined word primarily is closest inmeaning to .1)hardly 2) mainly 3) terribly 4) lastly

4. Which one is NOT among the damaging gases mentioned in the text ?1) methane 2) carbon dioxide 3) nitrous oxide 4) carbone monooxide

5. Which of the following sentences is Not true?1)Greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere .2)Human activities distrub the balance of the gases in the atmophere .3)There is no evidence about global warming .4)Greenhouse gases are dangerous for the planet .


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Cloze Five : ( s . z . 92 )

To be in employment means to have a job , to have work . The type of work , the hours and (1),

vary across the world from country to country , from organization to organization , from business to

business . Full employment is an economic .(2)..meaning all the .(3).workforce

of acountry is occupied in work . This is nowadays (4).as an impossible position to reach

for various reasons . Being employed usually for an employer , for a period of 8 hours per day . Monday

to Friday , but this can vary .(5)..from job to job , country to country .

1. 1) opinions 2) politics 3) projections 4) conditions2. 1) term 2) detail 3) degree 4) average3. 1) flexible 2) available 3) reasonable 4) responsible1. 1) directed 2) remembered 3) regarded 4) measured4. 1) greatly 2) briefly 3) certainly 4) suddenly


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Reaing Five : ( s . h . 92 )

The exact centre of Europe is not one of Europes great cities such as Paris or Milan . It is a very different

Sort of place . The arrival of several new states EU , which this time included Sweden , Finland , and

Austria , means that the exact centure of Europe has moved yet again . The place which now holds this

honour is the quiet Belgian district of Viroinval . Viroinval , which is located between Paris and Brussels,

is a country area that contains a group of eight villages .

The geographical centre has moved 423 kilometers north from the French town of SaintClement ,

where it lay in the years after the last great expansion of the community . Its like wining the big prize

without knowing you have bought a ticket , says Jean- Marc Delizee , who represents the area in

parliament . Delizee , whose other job is to run the local tourist association, goes on . It has been a real

gift . This is a region that has lost all its industry and whose people have to go to far away towns to get

jobs . but it is a beautiful areaan area where tourism has a real chance to bring new economic life .

Chisstophe Dutailly , who runs a local restaurant , agrees but says , Weve got to act now . The

New states that will join the EU will move the geographical centre and moment of fame will be gone .

1.According to the passage , the centre of Europe is now .

1.in the border of Europe 2. The great city of Paris

3.a Europian big city 4.the Belgian district of Viroinval

2.We understand from the passage that the centre of EU ..

1.is a very different place 2.used to be a developed region

3.is not likely to move again 4.has not changed yet

3.Which sentence is NOT correct according to the passage ?

1.Saint-Clement is a town located in France .

2.Viroinval is a rural beautiful area .

3.Vioinval is 423 kilometers far from France .

4.Delizee is a representative of the Parliament of Viroinval .

4.The writer states that the centre of EU changed .. .

1.after a few countries joined the EU

2.When Delizee offered a new plan to the Eu3.to accept Belgium as a member of the E

4.in order to bring a new economic life to a European country

pre1 lesson1

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Transcript of pre1 lesson1