Pre on Origin
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Transcript of Pre on Origin
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The Origin and Evolution of Life on Earth
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Objectives Definition of life
State seven fundamental characteristics of life
State 3 essential abilities of living things
Describe the theories about the origin of life on earth
Discuss the abiogenesis theory and the first cell
Discuss the RNA world hypothesis theory
Describe the evolution of fundamental metabolic reaction: glycolysis, photosynthesis, aerobic respiration, timeline of events
Discuss endosymbiotic theory; appearance of multicellular organisms
Discuss the 3 domains and the 5 kingdoms of life
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Definition of life
Biology –
What is life?
How would you describe what distinguishes living things from non-living things?
Seven characteristics
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What are the 7 characteristics of life?1. Order
2. reproduction
3. Growth and development
4. Energy processing
5. Response to the environment
6. Regulation
7. Evolution
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Essential abilities of living things
Genetic ode
Central dogma
Metabolic pathways
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Classification
Common names
Taxonomy
Binomial system,
Genus & species
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3 Domains of life
Prokaryotes
- Eubacteria
- Archea
Eukaryotes
- Eucarya
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Categories of Classifying an organism
Domian
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Activity:Come up with a unique mnemonic for this classification
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Classification of Humans
Taxonomic Category
Human Classification
Characteristics Other Represenatives
Domain Eucarya Nucleus in cells, other kinds of organelles
Plants, Animals, Fungi, Protozoa, Algae
Kingdom Animalia Eukaryotic heterotrophs Sponges, jellyfish, insects, cats
Phylum Chordata Animals with type of backbone
Fish, reptiles, mammals
Class Mammalia Animals with hair/mammary gland
Kangaroos, mice, whales, monkeys
Order Primates Mammals with large brain, opposable thumbs
Monkeys, gorillas, baboons
Family Homindae Primates lack tail and have upright posture
Humans and extinct relatives
Genus Homo Hominids with large brains
Humans only surviving member
Species Homo sapiens
Humans
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Eubacteria Domain
True bacteria
Saprophytes
Some live in anaerobic & aerobic environments
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Archae Domain Extremophiles
Decomposers
Digestive systems
Produce methane
Hot temperatures (hydrothermal vents, hot springs)
Salty environments
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Eukarya Domain
Several divisions called kingdoms
- Protista
- Fungi
- Plantae
- Animalia
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Kingdom Protista
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Kingdom Fungi
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Kingdom Plantae
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Kingdom Animalia
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Acellular Infectious Particles
Must have certain characteristics:
Metabolism
Reproduction
Cellular organization
Homeostasis
Heredity
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Virus
Not considered living
Parasitic chemicals (segments of DNA (or RNA) wrapped in a protein
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Structure of Viruses
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Structure of Virus
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Lytic cycle vs. Lysogenic cycle
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Theories of early earth
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Conditions on Early Earth
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When did life begin?
App. 4.6 billion years old
How long did it took the crust to solidify?
How far is the oldest fossil dated back to?