Pre-Modern European Migrations the Celts Part 3 - By Dr. Lizabeth Johnson

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The Dying Gaul, 3 rd century BC. Capitoline Museum, Rome.

Transcript of Pre-Modern European Migrations the Celts Part 3 - By Dr. Lizabeth Johnson

The Dying Gaul, 3rd century BC. Capitoline Museum, Rome.

Celtic warrior and wife, 3rd century BC. Museo Nazionale delle Terme, Rome.

Pre-modern European Migrations:Celtic Migrations• Evidence of Celtic migration• Languages and place names• Material culture• Religion and mythology• Social organization

Pre-modern European Migrations:Celtic Migrations• Linguistic evidence of migration• Indo-European• Common Celtic developed circa 1000 BC• Spoken in Hallstatt and early La Tene areas• Gaulish in France, Lepontic in northern Italy, Celtiberian and Lusitanian

in Spain• P and Q Celtic (Brythonic and Goidelic respectively) developed c. 500 BC• P Celtic spoken in France (extinct), Wales, Brittany, and Cornwall• Q Celtic spoken in Spain and northeastern Italy (extinct), Ireland,

Scotland, and the Isle of Man

Indo-European

Germanic

English and modern Germanic languages

Romance/Latinate

French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian

Common Celtic(all Continental Celtic dialects now extinct)

Q Celtic/Goidelic

Irish, Scottish, Manx

Son of = macHead = ceann

P Celtic/Brythonic

Welsh, Cornish, Breton, Cumbric (Cumbric extinct)

Son of= map, apHead = pen

Pre-modern European Migration:Celtic Migrations• Druidic place names

• Drunemeton (Galatia)• Nemetobriga (northern Spain)• Medionemeton (southern Scotland)• Nemed in Irish = sacred place

• Place names associated with Lugh, god of the sun and crafts• Lugdunum (Lyon, France)• Lugdunum Batavorum (Leiden, Netherlands)• Luguvallium (Carlisle, England)

• Celtic terms associated with ruling• King = Gaulish rix, Irish, ri, Welsh rhi.

• Gaulish personal name Toutierix = tribal king• Irish ri tuaithe=tribal king• Welsh personal name Tudor