Pre-Civil War Civil War Reconstruction Goal 3. Slave Codes slaves had few legal rights Could not...
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Transcript of Pre-Civil War Civil War Reconstruction Goal 3. Slave Codes slaves had few legal rights Could not...
Pre-Civil WarCivil WarReconstruction
Goal 3
Slave Codes
• slaves had few legal rights • Could not testify against whites • Could not enter in contracts• Could not own property• Could not strike a white person• Could not travel without a permit• Could not assemble without white supervision• Could not be taught to read or write• Could not legally marry• Punishment = whipping, branding, imprisonment,
death
Compromise of 1850 =Clay’s Compromise
• CA = Free state• Utah Territory &New Mexico Territory =
Popular Sovereignty (people get to vote about slavery)
• Fugitive Slave Act (more strict)—heavy penalties (fines, prison) for helping runaway slaves
• Slave trade banned in DC – could not buy or sell slaves in the capital city
Underground Railroadsecret network that helped runaway slaves
get to freedom in Canada
Harriet Tubman – most famous conductor on the Underground RR
Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854
• Formerly Missouri Compromise territory• Supposed to be free• Divide Territory into 2 states (KS & NE)• Popular Sovereignty—people get to vote
on whether or not slavery would be allowed
• Repealed Missouri Compromise
Bleeding Kansasradical pro and anti slavery supporters rushed into Kansas
to vote—led to violence & murder
John BrownRadical, militant abolitionist
John Brown
• Pottawatomie Creek Massacre – Brown & his followers murdered proslavery supporters (chopped off their hands)
• Raid at Harpers Ferry – (VA) plans to steal weapons from the US arsenal & give them to slaves to lead a rebellion – Captured by Robert E. Lee & Marines– Tried & hanged for treason
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
• Campaigning for the Illinois Senate seat• Lincoln (Republican) v. Douglas (Democrat)
• Lincoln – more anti-slavery (b/c against extension of slavery)
• Douglas – more pro-slavery b/c of popular sovereignty
• Douglas won
Popular Sovereignty
• Residents of a territory or state voted on whether or not to allow slavery
Stephen Douglas—Popular Sovereignty
Sumner-Brooks Incident
• Preston Brooks (pro-slavery)• Charles Sumner (anti-slavery)• Brooks attacked Sumner in the Senate
Chamber b/c of his criticism of the South, slavery and his uncle
Brooks – Sumner Incident
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Dred Scott v. Sanford
• Scott sued for his freedom b/c his owner had taken him to live in a free state
• The Supreme Court ruled that he was property and he had no legal right to bring the case (Roger Taney—Chief Justice)
• Decision will allow slavery to spread into free areas where residents voted against slavery
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Uncle Tom’s Cabin• Novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe• Published in 1852• Over 300,000 sold in US • Increased the abolitionist movement• Outraged the South
Election of 1860—Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln
• US President – Election of 1860• 1861-1865• Republican• Goal = to save the Union • “a house divided cannot stand”
Jefferson Davis
Confederate President
Jefferson Davis•Confederate President• “the time for compromise has passed”
•Former Sec. of War for US
Robert E. LeeConfederate General—Army of Virginia
Robert E. Lee
• Confederate General • Army of Northern Virginia • Former West Point Grad / Mexican War
leader• Excellent / beloved general• Home = Arlington
Stonewall JacksonConfederate General
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
• Confederate General• Excellent leader • Killed by friendly fire after
the Battle of Chancellorsville
Ulysses GrantCommander of US Forces
Ulysses Grant• Union General / Commander
of all Union Forces• West Point Graduate • Mexican War Veteran
George McClellanUnion General- Army of the Potomac
George McClellan• Union General • Army of the Potomac
(Washington DC)• Beloved by Union troops • Fired by Lincoln b/c he didn’t
follow through & capture Richmond
William T. ShermanUnion General – MS occupation
William Tecumseh Sherman
• Union General• Occupied Mississippi • Burned the South – “March to the
Sea” • “Sherman’s bow ties” – twisted RR
tracks • Wage Total War on the South – attack
civilians & military
David Farragut • Union – Navy Admiral • Captured port of New Orleans • Secured the Mississippi River
for the Union • “Damn the torpedoes, full
speed ahead!”
John Wilkes Booth Lincoln’s Assassin
John Wilkes Booth• Famous actor• Killed President Lincoln • Confederate sympathizer
Fort Sumter, SC1st shots of the Civil War
Appomattox Courthouse, VA
Bull Run -- Manassas
Bull Run / Manassas •1st battle of Civil War
• July 21, 1861•Considered a Confederate
victory b/c the Union retreated•Neither side thought it would
be a serious battle •Union picnickers even came to
watch (Bad Idea!)•Some actually thought the war
was over after this battle
Bull Run -- Manassas• Leaders – Union Gen. Irvin McDowell
Confederate Gen. Johnston & Gen. Beauregard
• Where Thomas Jackson got his nickname “Stonewall” Jackson
Shiloh
• Leaders – US Grant (Union)• March 1862• Tennessee – church• CSA troops accidentally found Union
encampment • Draw / tie –some see it as a CSA victory
b/c of the surprise attack• Taught both sides to be prepared
Antietam /Battle of Sharpsburg
•Sept. 17, 1862•Bloodiest single day of battle in American History
•23,000 casualties•Union victory•George MCClellan (Union)•Robert E. Lee (Confederate)
Chancellorsville
• Leader – Stonewall Jackson (CSA)• May • Virginia• Confederate victory• After the battle Stonewall Jackson was
accidentally shot by friendly fire / arm amputated
• Later died from pneumonia
Vicksburg
• Leader – US Grant• Vicksburg, Mississippi • July 1863• 6 week siege of the city • Helps the Union control the Mississippi • Same time that Gettysburg is lost by the
CSA
Gettysburg
Gettysburg
• General Robert E Lee v. General Meade• The Turning Point of the Civil War• July 1863• Last & only time the Confederate troops
invade the North• MAJOR Confederate defeat• Over 50,000 casualties
Minnie Ball
Long Rangel Rifle
CSS Hunley
Iron Clads
USS Monitor
Clara Barton• Union Nurse• “Angel of the
Battlefield”• Founded the
American Red Cross