Practicalities & Risks · Recent History of Surrogacy 2015 Thailand, Nepal & India close 2016...
Transcript of Practicalities & Risks · Recent History of Surrogacy 2015 Thailand, Nepal & India close 2016...
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EU Seminar Series Nov 2019
Practicalities & Risks
Sam EveringhamDirectorGrowing Families
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EU Seminar Series Nov 2019
Overview
• Eggs & Embryos• Country based differences• Choosing Surrogacy providers
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EU Seminar Series Nov 2019
Why is Maximising The Quality of Your Embryos Vital?
IVF is expensive
Surrogacy requires much preparation
So you want to give your surrogate the best chances of success
Egg & Sperm quality play a crucial role
Age of Egg Provider a key determinant of success
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Live Birth Rates Decline Hugely with Egg Provider Age
47.5
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<35 years 35-37 years 38-40 years 41-42 years 43-44 years >44 years
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If Embryos Can be Frozen, Improves Success
47.5
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Do you need an egg donor?
• Male singles and couples ✅
• Intended mothers of older age ✅
• Intended mothers with no/low eggs retrieved ✅
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Potential Egg Donor Sources
• Friend/family member
• from international IVF clinic (pre-screened, less choice)
• from surrogacy agency
• from donor agency (many choices, higher cost)
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India,
Ukraine, Russia,
South Africa, Spain,
Greece, Colombia
Countries Providing Donors to Foreigners
Georgia
AnonymousKnown/ Identity Release
USA, CanadaCyprus
• Some cultures don’t allow known• Other cultures insist on known
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EU Seminar Series Nov 2019
Donor Agency Fees & Compensation
Country Compensation Agency Fees
IVF fees Travel expenses
USA €6400+ (€10000) €25,400 €3.600
Canada €4.100 €2.000 €15.000
Greece €5500 €8500
Ukraine €2000 €8500
Georgia €1350 €7000
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What to beware in choosing an IVF Clinic
IVF Success ratesNeed to look at live birth rates (not pregnancy rates)For US clinics can research audited data www.sart.org
For other countries Success data is un-audited
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Risks
Multiple Embryo transferUS & Canadian surrogates typically refuse to undertake a double embryo transfer given the great difficulties in carrying multiples
IVF clinics outside the US & Canada will routinely transfer 2+ embryos
a far greater chance of pregnancy complications, miscarriage, very pre-term birth and long-term health issues, additional costs & stress
You need to be firm with your IVF clinic if you don’t want this risk
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Risks
Unsuccessful embryo transfersCan increase by
Using egg donor <30 yearsUsing proven donorPGD testing embryos where eggs are from 35+ yr oldThorough testing of IPs prior to embryo creation
MiscarriageA risk in ANY pregnancyEnsure you have a support network
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EU Seminar Series Nov 2019
WHAT TO CONSIDER IN CHOICE OF COUNTRY
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Recent History of Surrogacy
2015
Thailand, Nepal & India close
2016
Cambodia closes
20142013
India closes to LGBTI
20101990s - 2009
USA/ Canada
Thailand/Nepal boom
Greece opens Kenya
Ukraine booms
India boom
2017 2018 2019
Colombia
2020
Czech Republic
Canada long waits
Georgia booms
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Surrogacy Availability for foreigners
USA, Canada,
Ukraine, Greece,
Georgia, Russia
Managed (legal framework)
Albania, Colombia,
Kenya, Czech
Republic, Mexico
Managed (no legal framework or illegal)
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EU Seminar Series Nov 2019
Consider EligibilityCountry
USA gay couples, singles, and heterosexuals of any age
Low regulation
Ukraine Heterosexual married couples who meet specific medical criteria
High regulation
Canada gay couples, singles, and heterosexuals
combined age of intended parents <110
low regulation
Greece Heterosexual couples and single females. Intended mother <50 yrs
Georgia Heterosexual couples. One parent <55 yrs
Russia Heterosexual couples & single men
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$15,250$10,500 $6,850 $9,400 $5,600 $6,800
$30,300
$14,500$12,500 $7,780 $12,500 $7,200
$6,250
$6,250$7,500
$1,620$4,400
$2,500
$30,000
$14,000 $9,400
$8,000
$6,250
$20,000
$12,500$5,200
$1,200
$1,000
$2,500
$4,250
$1,200
$1,250
$2,500
$4,250
$3,500 $3,500$3,500
$2,900
$3,000
$5,515
$10,600$5,350
$3,800
$3,300
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
$70,000
$80,000
$90,000
$100,000
USA Greece Canada Ukraine Mexico Georgia
Min
imum
spen
d
Country Engaged In
Egg Donor costs
Surrogate & newborninsurance
Hospital & post-birthcosts
Screening/Counselling
Surro expenses
Surrogate compensation
Legal costs
IVF costs
Surrogate recruitment &oversight
Consider Costs
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Consider who is on Birth Certificate?
Regulated destinations (US, Canada, Georgia, Ukraine, Russia) provide just intended parent(s) on birth certificate
Unregulated destinations (Cyprus; Mexico; Kenya; Colombia) have Surrogate + Intended parent on birth certificate
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EU Seminar Series Nov 2019
What type of surrogate relationship?
Prefer to be Close /supportive - US/Canada
Prefer more removed - Ukraine/Mexico/Czech Republic
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Consider What Insurance Available?
USA – Surrogate Insurance €7.700 minimum- Newborn insurance € 12.250
Ukraine –Newborn insurance (NICU)
Georgia € 4.500/baby policy covers NICU in event of prematurity
Czech Republic ?
Greece - € 1000
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EU Seminar Series Nov 2019
Consider Surrogate Availability & Demand
Country Demand for surrogates
Supply of surrogates Wait times
US High High 4– 8 mths
Canada High Low 12 mths +
Colombia Low Low 3 mths
Greece Low Low 1 - 2 mths
Ukraine High High 1 - 2 mths
Georgia High High 1 - 2 mths
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35 years experience
Best practice
Increased demand
Can be 6 mth wait for surrogate
Child awarded US citizenship
USA
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CANADA
Huge influx last 4 years from foreigners
Altruistic & no advertising
poorer surrogate & donor screening
Now a shortage of suitable donors & surrogates
Long wait times to match (12 – 15 months)
Reports of high surrogate drop-out/ poor success rates
DEMAND NOW FAR EXCEEDS SUPPLY
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• Hugely Increased demand
• Number of providers quadrupled
• No shortage of surrogates
• Good screening & medical care
• Prices are rising significantly
UKRAINE
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Altruistic
Low demand
Only a handful of good providers
Anonymous egg donors
IVF clinic plays the role of surrogacy agency
GREECE
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WHAT TO CONSIDER IN CHOICE OF AGENCY
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EU Seminar Series Nov 2019
Understand Payments
Payment stages• What % up-front?• Are payments milestone-based?• What milestones are used?
• Surrogate match• First embryo transfer• Confirmed pregnancy• Week 12• Week 24• Birth
Your funds• If you are not happy with service, what
refunds are available?
• Who holds your funds?• Agency or third-party escrow account
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Surrogate Recruitment
• Should provide a maximum time within which will recruit surrogate or refund monies
• What is their recruitment strategy?
• Who handles their surrogate recruitment and screening?
• If surrogate falls through, what is their ‘replacement’ policy?
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Surrogate Contact
• Should be able to meet surrogate up-front (at least online)
• (Rather than wait until Week 12)
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EU Seminar Series Nov 2019
Customised Support
Help you decide on a country/ provider
More hand-holding/concierge style service
Reliable, proven providers to meet your budget
Wide range of options
One hour or complete journey support
Email [email protected] or visit www.growingfamilies.org/customised-support/