Practical Problem Solving Using Mobile Technology
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Transcript of Practical Problem Solving Using Mobile Technology
Practical Problem Solving
Using Mobile Technology #12NTCjsi @JSIhealth @WorldEd
Joy Kamunyori, JSI Mindy Nichamin, JSI David Noyes, WEI Marco Sotelino, WEI Sarah Hiller, JSI
Slide 1 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Evaluate This Session! Each entry is a chance to win an NTEN engraved iPad!
or Online at www.nten.org/ntc/eval
Slide 2 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 2 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
• Overview
• Goal: to help you integrate mobile technology into your programs (or refine your current mobile tech programs), with an understanding of:
– How to use appropriate technology to address development challenges
– How to use new mobile tools and also re-purpose current tools
– How to use mobile technology to connect hard-to-reach populations with the information they need
• Poll
Today’s Presentation
Slide 3 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 3
Joy Kamunyori Technical Advisor John Snow, Inc. (JSI)
Zimbabwe: Using Images to Transmit Data
Slide 4 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 4 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
The Problem/Opportunity
Slide 5 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 5 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Context
Slide 6 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 6 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Context
`
Context • Facilities offering antiretroviral therapy (ART)
report stock information every 2 months • 95% reporting rate, but 68% on-time
reporting rate • Affects timeliness of delivery of antiretroviral
drugs (ARVs) to facilities
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 7
Reporting
• Forms sent to main warehouse by Expedited Mail Service (EMS) or in person
• Sometimes facilities give information via voice calls
• 80+% of facilities use cell phones to get contact Logistics Officers • 80+% have network coverage
• Urban facilities sometimes email scanned forms or Excel
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 8
`
The Problem • Facilities filling out forms on time, but not
arriving on time
• Focus: Decrease the amount of time taken for data to get from facilities to main warehouse
• How? Technology!
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 9
Main Constraint: 227 Data Points!
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 10
Other Constraints • Integration with current business processes
• Available infrastructure
• Adding to workload at facility
• Balancing current needs with future growth
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 11
Slide 12 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 12 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
The Solution
Potential Solutions
Submit via web interface
Scan and submit via internet
Submit from mobile handset via SMS
Voice phone call (IVR)
Submit from mobile handset using JAVA form over mobile data connection/SMS
Capture an image using mobile handset, and submit via mobile data connection
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 13
Steps
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 14
Implementation Plan • 2 month feasibility pilot (5 facilities) • Review and assess pilot • 6 month extended pilot (40 facilities) • Review and adjust • Scale up to all facilities
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 16
Challenges
• No MMS – images had to be sent via email • Added training elements • Setting up phones for email was difficult • Phones experienced difficulty sending
emails
• Only 2 facilities actively participated in pilot • Urban facilities did not participate
• Cell phone management
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 17
Slide 18 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 18 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Results
Results • Most images were a little hazy but legible
• Approximately 90% of images arrived within
the minute
• 6% took less than 10 mins
• 3% took over an hour
• There were instances where messages were sent but not received
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 19
Next Steps
• Next phase of pilot will include 11 sites • Only remote facilities included
• MMS now available in country
• MMS option to be explored instead of email
• Increased training on good picture taking and cell phone management
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY Slide 21
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
CocoaLink: Using Mobile Technology
to Connect Cocoa Communities
David Noyes & Marco Sotelino Africa Division World Education, Inc.
Slide 22
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
15 CocoaLink communities in 3 districts of the Western region
Public-Private Partnership between The Hershey Company, World Cocoa Foundation, and Ghana Cocoa Board (COCOBOD); funded by Hershey’s
Implemented by World Education, Inc.
Local partners CENCOSAD and DreamOval
Government support: COCOBOD, CRIG, NPECLC
CocoaLink: Ghana
Slide 23
Slide 24 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
The Problem/Opportunity
Slide 25 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 26 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Bean to bar is a long process (~2 million smallholder farmers in West Africa produce 66% of world production)
Ghana + Cote d'Ivoire produce most of the world's cocoa
Over 700,000 cocoa farmers in Ghana
Over 800,000 tons per year
20% of global production
Small farms (a few hectares)
Low yields: 400 kg/hectare/yr (optimal is ~3x more)
Aging farmer population
Cocoa Farming in Ghana
Slide 30
Slide 31 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
• Knowledge & Skills: tree nursery, tree spacing, pruning, monitoring and caring for trees, insect and disease control, use of fertilizer, harvesting & post-harvesting techniques – improved techniques
• Inputs: land, seeds, fertilizer, tools, transportation, access to credit – what farmers need
• Awareness: shift from subsistence, family-oriented activity to profitable agribusiness
Sustainable Cocoa Communities
Slide 32 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
• How do farmers acquire skills?
• Family/tradition, “learning by doing,” training programs, agriculture extension field agents
• Drawbacks of these means
• Use of practices that do not result in optimal yields (e.g. tree spacing, black pod)
• Low literacy levels and prohibitive cost per beneficiary of training programs
• Under-resourced extension service systems
Improving Skills Leads to Better Use of Inputs
Slide 33 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Mobile Technology is Widespread in Ghana
Slide 34 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
The Solution
Slide 35 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Ghana Government (COCOBOD, CRIG, National Program)
Best Practices in Cocoa Farming Implementing
Partners (WEI, CENCOSAD,
DreamOval)
Donors (Hershey,
WCF)
Information Dissemination through Mobile Phones
Slide 36 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Enrollment Service – Via Mobile/Short Code
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Messages
• Developed with Ghanaian Government
• Address best practices in agriculture, as well as farm safety
• Timed to roll out with the different steps of cocoa growing and harvesting cycles
Slide 37
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
January: Lining and Pegging
“Do you want healthier looking, better yielding cocoa trees and a farm that is easier to work on? Then line and peg your farm at the recommended spacing of 3m x 3m (or 10ft x 10ft).”
Slide 38
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
March: Pruning
“Have you pruned your farm? You should prune your farm before the rainy season begins in April/May.”
Slide 39
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
August: Capsid Control
“Make it a point to spray your cocoa farm in August, September, October and December to control capsids. For effective results, use only CONFIDOR, ACTARA or AKATEMASTER.”
Slide 40
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
September: Harvesting
“Harvest your cocoa pods regularly when the pods are yellowish green or greenish yellow. Avoid cutting the pods so that the beans are not damaged.”
Slide 41
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Farm Safety
“Protect your children’s future! Stop children below 18 years from working with agrochemicals.”
“Cover yourself well when spraying. Do not eat, drink or smoke during spraying. Dispose the chemical containers immediately by burying them.”
Slide 42
PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Inviting Farmers to Engage
“Do you have any questions or enquiries about cocoa farming activities? Then text to short code 1980 to receive prompt response.”
Slide 43
Slide 44 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Two Way Message System
Slide 45 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Community-Based Activities Reinforce Messages
• Educational sessions have taken place in all 15 communities, reaching over 1000 individual farmers (~40% women)
• Community-level meetings allow farmers to share learning and ask specific questions
• Visits by extension officers are more productive and are registering farmers
• Local language delivery (Twi & Sefwi)
• CocoaLink News
Slide 46 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Results
Slide 47 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
• Delivers critical information:
– Agricultural, farm safety, child labor, and health messages via text and voice in local languages
– Uses extension material to respond to farmers’ information needs
• Builds skills:
– Majority of farmers own phones but don’t know how to text
– Builds on literacy skills being developed in the ECHOES program
• Connects farmers and extension service workers:
– Dramatically multiplies Ghana’s extension services and in a more cost-effective manner
– Initial phase will directly involve 1,450 cocoa farmers (8,000 farm family members); scale-up plan to reach out to 100,000 farmers nationwide
• Expected to Enhance Prosperity:
– Strengthening the families’ financial position by improving cocoa productivity
Expected Results
Slide 48 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Challenges
• Low literacy levels of farmers (capacity to read messages and manipulate phone)
• Further development of 2-way messaging system
• Technical challenges (farmers receive messages in wrong language, registered users not receiving messages; lack of access to electricity – 24 hour window for message)
• Farmers have information, but not able to afford some inputs
Slide 49 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Moving Forward
• Build the role of extension workers in registering farmers
• Move to new regions in Ghana
• Accompany where possible with training in phone usage and literacy
• Expand to other cocoa producing countries
Slide 50 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
AIDS.gov
& Mobile
Mindy Nichamin AIDS.gov New Media Coordinator John Snow, Inc. (JSI)
Slide 51 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
The Problem/Opportunity
Slide 52 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Smartphone Platforms
in the US, 2011
• 52% of U.S. adults
phone owners have smartphones
Other
(38%)
• Android
• iOS
(62%)
Canalys & Pew Internet
• Smartphones and tablets outshipped PCs (desktop and notebooks) for the first time in Q4 2011
The Rise of Mobile
Slide 53 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
80% of internet users have looked online for health information. This translates to 59% of all adults.
.
Source: The Social Life of Health Information, May 12, 2011 by Susannah Fox
Pew Internet & American Life Project
Slide 54 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Source: “Mobile Access 2010,” Pew Internet & American Life Project
46 African
Americans
51 Hispanics/
Latinos 33
Whites
% of people who use their phone to go online
55
30 years ago
Slide 56 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Mobile in 1981
Slide 57 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Mobile today
Slide 58 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
The Solution
Slide 59 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
SMS
• Lowest
common
denominator
• Universal
adoption
Tiers of Adoption
Slide 60 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Mobile Web
– Nearly universal
Applications
– Targeted experience
– Platform specific (Android,
iOS, Windows, Blackberry,
etc.)
Tiers of Adoption
Slide 61 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Mobile App
(iPhone, Android, BB)
Mobile Website
Mobile App
(iPhone only)
$0 $22,500 $45,000 $90,000$67,500
Cost vs. Users Reached = 10,000
users reached
Source: Mashable – Aaron Maxwell
Return on Investment
www.AIDS.gov
Slide 63 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
m.AIDS.gov
64
Slide 65 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 66 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 67 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Results
Slide 68 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
AIDS.gov Mobile Site
• Mobile accounts for
15% of all traffic
to AIDS.gov (just 4%
1 year ago)
• Mobile visits
increased 1100% over the past year
Slide 69 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
28,000 actual searches
13% are mobile
Slide 70 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
18% The proportion of mobile users who land on
“How you get HIV or AIDS” (making it the most viewed page on m.AIDS.gov)
Mobile users are coming to us for what they see as our most important content and are bypassing the home page altogether.
.
Slide 71 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Private/Personal
Slide 72 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
QR Codes
AIDS.gov Locator
http://locator.AIDS.gov
AIDS.gov Mobile Site
http://m.AIDS.gov
Slide 73 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Lance Roggendorff [email protected]
@lroggendorff
Luke Wroblewski
www.lukew.com
@lukew
Josh Clark www.globalmoxie.com
@globalmoxie
Pew Internet & American Life Project
www.pewinternet.org @Pew_Internet
Jeremy Vanderlan [email protected]
@thulcandrian
Resources
Slide 74 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 74 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
blog.AIDS.gov
twitter.com/AIDSgov
facebook.com/AIDSgov
youtube.com/AIDSgov
foursquare.com/AIDSgov
http://m.AIDS.gov
http://locator.AIDS.gov
Stay Connected
Slide 75 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Slide 75 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
1. You can do a lot with your grandmother’s cell phone. You don’t need a smart phone to make an impact, but in the United States, it helps.
2. Appropriate technology is the new black. Appropriate = sexy. Pass it on.
3. Big change does not require a big investment. Re-use and Recycle.
Key Take Aways
Slide 76 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Contact Us Joy Kamunyori
Mindy Nichamin [email protected]
David Noyes [email protected]
Marco Sotelino [email protected]
Sarah Hiller [email protected]
twitter.com/JSIhealth
twitter.com/WorldEd
facebook.com/JSIhealth
facebook.com/WorldEd
youtube.com/JSIhealth
gplus.to/jsi
Slide 77 PRACTICAL PROBLEM SOLVING USING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY
Evaluate This Session! Each entry is a chance to win an NTEN engraved iPad!
or Online at www.nten.org/ntc/eval
Thank you!