Practical Assignment

PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT

NAME : Nishank Yadav REG. NO. :

YEAR : 2009/10

http://karthikrao88.blogspot.com/

Certificate This is to certify that Nishank Yadav of class twelve, Modern School, Vasant Vihar has successfully completed his practical assignment file in computer science for the AISSCE as prescribed by CBSE in the year 2009-2010.

Date :

Registration No. :

Signature of Internal Signature of ExternalExaminer Examiner

____________________________________

C++ Revision Tour

Q- Write a program to find the LCM and GCD of two numbers.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>

void main(){

clrscr();

int x,y,gcd=1;

cout<< "ENTER 1st NO : ";cin>>x;

cout<<"\n\nEnter 2nd NO. :";cin>>y;

for(int i=1;i<1000;++i){

if((x%i==0)&&(y%i==0))gcd=i;

}

cout<<"\n\n\nGCD :"<<gcd;cout<<"\n\n\nLCM :"<<(x*y)/gcd;

getch();}

OUTPUT:

ENTER 1st NO : 12

ENTER 2nd NO. :13

GCD :1

LCM :156

Q- Write a program to find the sum of sequence1 + 1/1! + 1/2!+ .........


void main(){int n,i;float sum=1.00;float fact(int a);clrscr();cout<<"Enter n:";cin>>n;for(i=1;i<n;i++){sum+=(1/fact(i));}cout<<"Sum of series ="<<sum;getch();}

float fact (int a){int f=1,i;for (i=1;i<=a;i++)f*=i;return f;}

OUTPUT:

Enter n : 5Sum of series =2.708333

Q- Write a function that takes time as three integer arguments(hours,minutes,seconds), and returns the number of seconds since the clock last struck "12". Use this function to write a program to calculate the amount of time in seconds between two times, both of which are within one 12 hour cycle of clock.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<math.h>int seconds(int hh,int mm,int ss){

int z,s;z=abs(hh-12);s=(z*60*60)+(mm*60)+ss;return s;

}int main(){

clrscr();int h1,h2,m1,m2,s1,s2,t1,t2;cout<<"Enter the first time:"<<endl;cout<<"\tHours:";cin>>h1;cout<<"\tMinutes:";cin>>m1;cout<<"\tSeconds:";cin>>s1;t1=seconds(h1,m1,s1);cout<<"Enter the second time:"<<endl;cout<<"\tHours:";cin>>h2;cout<<"\tMinutes:";cin>>m2;cout<<"\tSeconds:";cin>>s2;t2=seconds(h2,m2,s2);cout<<"The difference in time is:"<<abs(t1-t2);return 0;

}

OUTPUT:

Enter the first time:Hours:5Minutes:45Seconds:59

Enter the second time:Hours:7Minutes:12Seconds:5

The difference in time is:9234

Write a program to find the sum of the sequence

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<math.h>void sum(int x,int n){

double sum=0,s=0;int k=1;long fac=1;for(int i=1;i<=n-1;i++){

for(int j=(2*k);j>=1;j--){

fac*=j;}sum+=(pow(x,i)/fac);

}s=1+sum;cout<<"\nThe sum is:\n";cout<<s;

}void main(){

clrscr();int x,n;cout<<"\nEnter the limiting value\n";cin>>n;cout<<"\nEnter the value \n";cin>>x;sum(x,n);

getch();}

OUTPUT:

Enter the limiting value 5

Enter the value 3 The sum is: 13.1875

Q- Computers are playing an increasing role in education. Write aprogram that will help elementary school students leaern multiplication. Use rand function to produce two positive one digit integers.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<stdlib.h>#include<time.h>

void main(){

clrscr();

int x[2],ans;time_t t;char c;do{

srand(time(&t));x[0]=rand()%10;

srand(x[0]);x[1]=rand()%10;

cout<<"\n\nWhat is "<<x[0]<<"times "<<x[1]<<" ?\nANS: ";do{

cin>>ans;if(ans!=(x[0]*x[1]))

cout<<"\nWRONG! TRY AGAIN\n";}while(ans!=(x[0]*x[1]));

if(ans==(x[0]*x[1]));{

cout<<"correct!\n\n\nDO YOU WANT TO CONTINUE?";cin>>c;

}

if(c=='N'||c=='n'){break;}

}while(1); }

OUTPUT:

What is 5times 1 ? ANS: 5 correct! DO YOU WANT TO CONTINUE?y

What is 6times 7 ? ANS: 48 WRONG! TRY AGAIN 42 correct! DO YOU WANT TO CONTINUE?n

Q- Write a program to accept three digits and print all possible combinationsfrom these digits.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>void main(){int a[3];clrscr();cout<<"Enter three digits :"<<endl;cin>>a[0]>>a[1]>>a[2];for (int i=0;i<3;i++){for(int j=0;j<3;j++){for (int k=0;k<3;k++){if (i!=j&&i!=k&&j!=k)cout<<endl<<endl<<a[i]<<a[j]<<a[k];}}}getch();}

OUTPUT:Enter three digits :1 2 3 123

132 213 231

312 321

Q - Use one dimensional array to solve the following proble. Read 20 integers from data file, each of which is between 10 and 100, inclusive. As each number is read, print it only if it is not a duplicate of a number already erad. Provide for the worst case in which all 20 integers are different. Use the smallest possible array to solve this problem.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>void main(){clrscr();int arr[20];for (int i=0;i<20;i++)

{cout<<"enter the element no "<<i+1<<endl;cin>>arr[i];}

for (i=0;i<20;i++){for (int j=0;j<20;j++)

{if (i!=j){

if (arr[i]==arr[j])arr[j]=0;elsecontinue;

}elsecontinue;}

}

for (i=0;i<20;i++){if (arr[i]<=100&&arr[i]>=10)cout<<arr[i]<<endl;

elsecontinue;}

getch();}

OUTPUT:

enter the element no 11enter the element no 211enter the element no 3 12 enter the element no 4 113enter the element no 5 14 enter the element no 6 15 enter the element no 7 16 enter the element no 8 17 enter the element no 9 18 enter the element no 10 19 enter the element no 11 10 enter the element no 12 11 enter the element no 13 12 enter the element no 14 13 enter the element no 15 14 enter the element no 16 15 enter the element no 17 16 enter the element no 18

17 enter the element no 19 23 enter the element no 20

34 11 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 10 13 23 34

Q Write a c++ program to sum the sequence x -(x^2/2!) + (X^4/4!) -(x^6/6!) + .......

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<math.h>

int main(){

int x,p,i,j;double fact=1.0,ans=0;cout<<"Enter the value of x:";cin>>x;cout<<"Enter till what power you want:";cin>>p;ans=x;for(i=2,j=1;i<=p;i++,j++){

fact=fact*i;if(i%2==0)

ans+=(pow(-1,j))*((pow(x,i))/(fact));}cout<<"The sum of the series is:"<<ans;return 0;

}

OUTPUT:Enter the value of x:3Enter till what power you want:4 The sum of the series is:-4.875

Q Write a c++ function having two value parameters U and n with result type float to find the sum of the series given below

1 - (U^2) + 1/2!(U^2) -1/3!(U^3) + .............

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<math.h>

int main(){

int x,p,i,j;double fact=1.0,ans=1;cout<<"Enter the value of x:";cin>>x;cout<<"Enter till what power you want:";cin>>p;for(i=1;i<=p;i++){

fact=fact*i;ans+=(pow(-1,i))*((pow(x,i))/(fact));

}cout<<"The sum of the series is:"<<ans;return 0;

}

OUTPUT:Enter the value of x:3Enter till what power you want:4 The sum of the series is:1.375

Structures

Q- Write a program to accept information about a person and then display it .

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>class person{

char name[30];long phone;public:person(){

cout<<"\nConstructor initialised\n";}void getname(){

cout<<"\nEnter the name\n";gets(name);cout<<"\nEnter the phone number\n";cin>>phone;

}void display(){

cout<<"\nName\t";puts(name);cout<<"\nPhone number\t"<<phone;

}~person(){

cout<<"\n******************\n";}

};class spouse:public person{

char spousename[40];public:

void getsp();void display();

};void spouse::getsp(){

person::getname();cout<<"\nEnter the spouse name\n";gets(spousename);

}void spouse::display(){

person::display();cout<<"Spouse name\t";puts(spousename);

}void main(){

clrscr();spouse obj;obj.getsp();obj.display();

getch();}OUTPUT:

Constructor initialised Enter the name ARUN Enter the phone number 6667070 Enter the spouse nameARUNA Name ARUN Phone number 6667070

Spouse name ARUNA ******************

Q- Write a program to record a score of a cricket match. One array stores information of batting team such as batman's name,runs scored,etc. The other array stores information about bowling team. The progdram reads in above informatin and depending on user's choice, it displays either batting team's information or bowling team's information.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<stdio.h>struct bat{char name[20],modeout[70], indica;int runs, score, totruns, totove, xtras;};

struct bowl{char name[20];int ttvrs,rnsgvn,wktstkn;};void main(){clrscr();int plno;int plytyp;bat pl1[3];bowl pl2[3];

cout<<"Enter the batsmen details:"<<endl;for (int i=0;i<3;i++){cout<<"Enter name of player "<<i+1<<endl;

gets (pl1[i].name);cout<<"enter the runs scored by player "<<i+1<<endl;cin>>pl1[i].runs;cout<<"Enter the overs played by the player"<<i+1<<endl;cin>>pl1[i].totove;cout<<"Enter the status of the player if out (N)or not(Y)"<<endl;cin>>pl1[i].indica;}

cout<<"Enter the bowlers details "<<endl;for (i=0;i<3;i++){cout<<"Enter the name of the bowler "<<i+1<<endl;gets(pl2[i].name);cout<<"Enter the runs given by the bowler "<<i+1<<endl;cin>>pl2[i].rnsgvn;cout<<"Enter the wickets taken by the bowler "<<i+1<<endl;cin>>pl2[i].wktstkn;cout<<"Enter the total overs played by the bowler "<<i+1<<endl;cin>>pl2[i].ttvrs;}

cout<<"Thank you all details recd"<<endl;xyz:cout<<"Select between batsmen(1) or bowlers(2) to see their details"<<endl;abc:cin>>plytyp;

switch (plytyp){

case 1:cout<<"Enter the batsman number to see his details "<<endl<<endl<<endl;cin>>plno;plno--;cout<<"Batsman number :"<<plno+1<<endl;cout<<"Batsman name :";puts(pl1[plno].name);cout<<"Runs scored by the batsman :"<<pl1[plno].runs<<endl;cout<<"Total overs played by the batsman :"<<pl1[plno].totove<<endl;cout<<"Player status out "<<pl1[plno].indica<<endl;

break;

case 2:cout<<"Enter the bowlers number to see his details "<<endl<<endl<<endl;cin>>plno;plno--;cout<<"Bowlers name :";puts(pl2[plno].name);cout<<"Runs given by the player is :"<<pl2[plno].rnsgvn<<endl;cout<<"Total overs played by the player :"<<pl2[plno].ttvrs<<endl;cout<<"Total wickets taken by the user :"<<pl2[plno].wktstkn<<endl;break;

default:cout<<"Idiot enter a decent value"<<endl;goto abc;}

cout<<endl<<endl<<endl<<"Do you wish to continue? Y-1 N-2"<<endl;cin>>plno;if (plno==1)goto xyz;elsecout<<"Thank you Press any key to exit";getch();}

output:

Enter the batsmen details:Enter name of player 1SACHINenter the runs scored by player 134Enter the overs played by the player16Enter the status of the player if out (N)or not(Y)NEnter name of player 2GAMBHIRenter the runs scored by player 212Enter the overs played by the player2

5Enter the status of the player if out (N)or not(Y)YEnter name of player 3SEHWAGenter the runs scored by player 356Enter the overs played by the player311Enter the status of the player if out (N)or not(Y)NEnter the bowlers detailsEnter the name of the bowler 131Enter the wickets taken by the bowler 11Enter the total overs played by the bowler 15Enter the name of the bowler 2JOHNSONEnter the runs given by the bowler 225Enter the wickets taken by the bowler 20Enter the total overs played by the bowler 24Enter the name of the bowler 3MCGRATHEnter the runs given by the bowler 340Enter the wickets taken by the bowler 30Enter the total overs played by the bowler 37Thank you all details recdSelect between batsmen(1) or bowlers(2) to see their details2Enter the bowlers number to see his details

2Bowlers name :JOHNSONRuns given by the player is :25Total overs played by the player :4Total wickets taken by the user :0

Do you wish to continue? Y-1 N-2YSelect between batsmen(1) or bowlers(2) to see their detailsEnter the bowlers number to see his details

Bowlers name :LEERuns given by the player is :31Total overs played by the player :5Total wickets taken by the user :1

Do you wish to continue? Y-1 N-2 Thank you Press any key to exit

Object Oriented Programming

Q- Raising a number n to a power p is the same as multiplying n by itself p times. Write an overloaded functions having two versions for it. The first version takes double n and int p and returns a double value. Another version takes int n and int p returning int value. Use default value of 2 for p in case p is ommitted in the function call.


double power (double n,int p){double res=1;for (int i=0;i<p;i++)res*=n;return res;}int power (int n, int p){int res=1;for (int i=0;i<p;i++)res*=n;return res;}

void main(){double x,ans;int n;clrscr();cout<<"enter the number"<<endl;cin>>x;cout<<"enter the raising value"<<endl;cin>>n;ans=power(x,n);cout<<"The answer is :"<<ans<<endl;cout<<"The square of the numberis :"<<power(x,2);getch();

}

OUTPUT:enter the number3 enter the raising value 4The answer is :81 The square of the numberis :9Q- Write overloaded prototypes of inquote(), a function that displays its arguments enclosed in double quotation marks. Write three versions: one for an int argument, one for double argument and one for char argument.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>void inquote(int x);void inquote(double y);void inquote(char s);

void main(){

clrscr();int a,c;double b;char s;

cout<<"Enter the choice"<<endl<<"1.number"<<endl<<"2.double"<<endl<<"3.char"<<endl;

cin>>c;switch (c){

case 1:cout<<"Enter the number"<<endl;cin>>a;inquote(a);break;

case 2:cout<<"enter the double value"<<endl;cin>>b;inquote(b);break;

case 3:cout<<"enter the character"<<endl;cin>>s;inquote(s);break;

}getch();

}

void inquote(int x){cout<<"\""<<x<<"\""<<endl;}

void inquote(double y){cout<<"\""<<y<<"\""<<endl;}

void inquote(char s){cout<<"\""<<s<<"\""<<endl;}

OUTPUT:

Enter the choice1.number 2.double 3.char

3enter the characterT"T"

Q- Write overloaded prototypes of themax(), a function that returns volumes of different structures. Write three versions : one for cube's volume, one for cylinder's volume and one for rectangular box's volume. #include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>

double vol;void volume(int r,int hc){ vol=(3.14*r*r*hc);

cout<<"\nVolume of cylinder is "<<vol;}void volume(int l,int b,int h){ vol=(l*b*h);

cout<<"\nVolume of box is "<<vol;}void volume(int s){ vol=(s*s*s);

cout<<"\nVolume of cube is "<<vol;}

void main(){

clrscr(); int s,r,l,b,h,hc; cout<<"\nEnter radius and height of cylinder "; cin>>r>>hc; cout<<"\nEnter l,b,h of box "; cin>>l>>b>>h; cout<<"\nEnter side of cube "; cin>>s; volume(r,hc); volume(l,b,h); volume(s); getch();}

OUTPUT:

Enter radius and height of cylinder 4 7 Enter l,b,h of box 6 7 8 Enter side of cube 5

Volume of cylinder is 351.68 Volume of box is 336 Volume of cube is 125

Classes And Objects

Q- Write a program to calculate the no. of types of guests i.e gentlemen or ladies or children using a class.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<stdio.h>

class counter{

int count;public:

counter(){

count=0;}void incount(){

count++;}int givecount(){

return (count);}

}c1,c2,c3;

void main(){

clrscr();char guest[10];int i,a,b,c;for(i=0;i<10;i++){

cout<<"enter gntlmn(g),ladies(l),chldrn(c) "<<endl;cin>>guest[i];if(guest[i]=='g'||guest[i]=='G'){

c1.incount();a=c1.givecount();

}else if(guest[i]=='l'||guest[i]=='L'){

c2.incount();b=c2.givecount();

}else{

c3.incount();c=c3.givecount();

}}cout<<"GENTLEMEN :"<<a<<endl;cout<<"LADIES :"<<b<<endl;cout<<"CHILDREN :"<<c<<endl;getch();

}

OUTPUT:enter gntlmn(g),ladies(l),chldrn(c)center gntlmn(g),ladies(l),chldrn(c)genter gntlmn(g),ladies(l),chldrn(c)lenter gntlmn(g),ladies(l),chldrn(c)genter gntlmn(g),ladies(l),chldrn(c)lenter gntlmn(g),ladies(l),chldrn(c)lenter gntlmn(g),ladies(l),chldrn(c)lenter gntlmn(g),ladies(l),chldrn(c)lenter gntlmn(g),ladies(l),chldrn(c)center gntlmn(g),ladies(l),chldrn(c)c

GENTLEMEN :2LADIES :5 CHILDREN :3

Q- Write a program to compute tax of a person using a class taxpayer. Class taxpayer should the person's details of account including pan no.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<stdio.h>class taxpayer{

int pan;char name[20];long float tableinc;double tax;public:void inputdata();void display();double computetax();};

void taxpayer::inputdata(){cout<<"enterpersonal acct num:";cin>>pan;cout<<"\nenter the name of the person:";gets(name);cout<<"\nenter total annual taxable income:";cin>>tableinc;}

double taxpayer::computetax(){if(tableinc<=60000)

tax=0;else if((tableinc>60000)||(tableinc<=150000))

tax= tableinc *0.05;else if(tableinc>150000||tableinc<=500000)

tax=tableinc*0.1;else

tax=tableinc*0.15;return (tax);}

void taxpayer::display(){cout<<"\npan num:"<<pan<<"\tname:";puts(name);cout<<"\ttotal annual income:"<<tableinc<<"\tTax payable:"<<tax;}

void main(){clrscr();taxpayer a;a.inputdata();clrscr();a.computetax();a.display();getch();}

OUTPUT:

enterpersonal acct num:121

enter the name of the ethiopian:ARUN

enter total annual taxable income:120000

pan num:121 name:ARUNtotal annual income:120000 Tax payable:6000

Q- Wite a c++ program to calculate the no. of objects created of a particular class type.


class just{

int x;public:void enter(){ cout<<"Enter a value of x:";

cin>>x;}void out(){

cout<<"The value is:"<<x<<endl;}

};

int main(){

just j;char ch='y';int i=0;while(ch=='y'){

j.enter();i++;cout<<"Do you eant to continue:";cin>>ch;

}cout<<"The number of objects created are:"<<i;return 0;

}

OUTPUT:

Enter a value of x:4Do you want to continue:yEnter a value of x:7Do you want to continue:nThe number of objects created are:2

Q- Write a c++ program using a class student to calculate the percentage of marks obtained by him.


class student{

int roll_no;char name[20];char class_st[8];int marks[5];float percentage;float calculate();public:void readmarks();void displaymarks();

};

float student::calculate(){

percentage=0;for(int i=0;i<5;i++)

percentage+=marks[i];percentage=(percentage/5);return percentage;

}

void student::readmarks(){

cout<<"Enter the roll no.:";cin>>roll_no;cout<<"Enter the name:";cin>>name;

cout<<"Enter the class studing in:";cin>>class_st;cout<<"Enter the marks:"<<endl;for(int j=0;j<5;j++){

cout<<"\tEnter mark "<<j+1<<":";cin>>marks[j];

}}

void student::displaymarks(){

cout<<"Roll no:"<<roll_no<<endl;cout<<"Name:"<<name<<endl;cout<<"Class:"<<class_st<<endl;cout<<"Percentage:"<<calculate()<<endl;

}

int main(){

student s1;s1.readmarks();s1.displaymarks();return 0;

}

OUTPUT:Enter the roll no.:12Enter the name:KARTHIK Enter the class studing in:12 Enter the marks: Enter mark 1:99 Enter mark 2:95 Enter mark 3:90 Enter mark 4:80 Enter mark 5:99

Roll no:12 Name:KARTHIK Class:12 Percentage:92.599998

Q- Write a c++ program using class serial to store and display serial's title, duration, number of episodes,serial code.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<stdio.h>class serial{

int code;char title[20];float duration;int noe;public:serial(){

duration=30;noe=103;

}void newserial();void otherentries(int dur,int no);void displaydata();

};

void serial::newserial(){

cout<<"\n\nEnter the serial code:";cin>>code;cout<<"Enter the title:";gets(title);

}

void serial::otherentries(int dur,int no){

duration=dur;noe=no;

}

void serial::displaydata(){

cout<<"\tSerial code is:"<<code<<endl;cout<<"\tTitle is:"<<title<<endl;cout<<"\tDurations is:"<<duration<<endl;cout<<"\tNo. of episodes are:"<<noe<<endl<<endl;

}

int main(){

clrscr();char ch='y';int i=0,dur,no;serial s1[10];while(ch=='y'){

s1[i].newserial();cout<<"Enter the duration and the no. of episodes:";cin>>dur>>no;s1[i].otherentries(dur,no);i++;cout<<"\n\nDo you want to continue:";cin>>ch;

}cout<<"\n\nThe details you have entered are:"<<endl<<endl;for(int j=0;j<i;j++){

cout<<"Data of serial "<<j+1<<" is:"<<endl;s1[j].displaydata();

}return 0;

}

OUTPUT:

Enter the serial code:121Enter the title:DaVinciCodeEnter the duration and the no. of episodes:30 50

Do you want to continue:y

Enter the serial code:122Enter the title:solomonEnter the duration and the no. of episodes:60 20

Do you want to continue:n

The details you have entered are:

Data of serial 1 is:Serial code is:121Title is:DaVinciCodeDurations is:30No. of episodes are:50

Data of serial 2 is:Serial code is:122Title is:solomonDurations is:60No. of episodes are:20

Q- Write a c++ program to illustrate a calculator. Perform calculations on two operands using a class calculator. Calculator should add,subtract, multiply and divide operands.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<process.h>

class calculator{

float result;int o1,o2;public:void enter();void showresult();void add();void sub();void mul();void div();void clear();

};

void calculator::enter(){

cout<<"Enter a operant:";cin>>o1;cout<<"Enter the other operant:";cin>>o2;

}

void calculator::showresult(){

cout<<"The result of the operation is:"<<result<<endl;}

void calculator::add(){

result=o2+o1;}

void calculator::sub(){

result=o1-o1;}

void calculator::mul(){

result=o1*o2;}

void calculator::div(){

result=o1/o2;}

void calculator::clear(){

result=0;}

int main(){

char ch='y';calculator c1;while(ch=='y'){

c1.enter();cout<<"Which operation do you want to perform:";cin>>ch;switch(ch){

case '+':c1.add();break;

case '-':c1.sub();

break;case '*':c1.mul();

break;case '/':c1.div();

break;default :cout<<"Wrong choice:";

exit(0);}c1.showresult();c1.clear();cout<<"Do you want to continue:";cin>>ch;

}return 0;

}

OUTPUT:

Enter a operand:4Enter the other operand:8Which operation do you want to perform:*The result of the operation is:32Do you want to continue:yEnter an operand:4Enter the other operand:8Which operation do you want to perform:+ The result of the operation is:12 Do you want to continue:n

Q- Imagine a ticket selling booth at a fair. People passing by are requested to purchase a ticket. A ticket is priced at Rs. 2.50. The booth keeps track of the number of people that have visited the fair and of the total amount of money collected. Model this ticketselling booth with a class tick. Include a program to rest this class.


class tick{

int nop;float total;public:tick(){

nop=0;total=0;

}void inc();void display();void displaynop();

};

void tick::inc(){

nop++;total+=2.50;cout<<"\nThe no. of people and the total have beem incremented";

}

void tick::display()

{cout<<"\nThe number of people who have entered the fair are:"<<nop<<endl;cout<<"The total amount collected till now is:"<<total<<endl;

}

void tick::displaynop(){

cout<<"The no. of people who have visited so far are:"<<nop<<endl;}

int main(){

char ch='y';int choice;tick t1;

l1:cout<<"\n\n\n\n1.Increment person and total"<<endl;cout<<"2.Display no. of people and the amount collected till now"<<endl;cout<<"3.Display no. of people who entered"<<endl;cout<<"4.Exit"<<endl;cout<<"Enter your choice:";cin>>choice;switch(choice){

case 1:t1.inc();goto l1;break;

case 2:t1.display();goto l1;break;

case 3:t1.displaynop();goto l1;break;

case 4:exit(0); break;

}return 0;

}

OUTPUT:

1.Increment person and total2.Display no. of people and the amount collected till now3.Display no. of people who entered4.ExitEnter your choice:1

The no. of people and the total have beem incremented


The no. of people and the total have beem incremented


The number of people who have entered the fair are:2The total amount collected till now is:5

1.Increment person and total2.Display no. of people and the amount collected till now3.Display no. of people who entered4.ExitEnter your choice:3The no. of people who have visited so far are:2

1.Increment person and total2.Display no. of people and the amount collected till now3.Display no. of people who entered4.Exit

Enter your choice:4

Constructors And Destructors

Q- A book shop maintains the inventory of books that are being sold at the shop. The list includes details such as author, title, price, publisher and stock position. Whenever a customer wants a book, the sales person inputs the title and author and the system searches the list and displays whether it is available or not.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>class stock{

char author[50];char title[50];char pub[50];double price;int numcopies;

public:stock();int access_title(char a[]);void input();void getdata(int);

};stock::stock(){

char author[50]={"abc"}; char title[50]={"efg"}; char pub[50]={"hij"}; price=500; numcopies=50;

}int stock::access_title(char a[]){

if(strcmp(title,a))return 0;

else return 1;}void stock::getdata(int num){

if(numcopies>=num)cout<<"\nCost of "<<num<<" books is Rs. "<<(price*num);

else cout<<"\nSorry! These many copies are unavailable!";

}void stock::input(){

cout<<"\nTitle: ";gets(title);cout<<"\nAuthor:";gets(author);cout<<"\nPublisher:";gets(pub);cout<<"\nPrices:";cin>>price;cout<<"\ncopies available:";cin>>numcopies;

}

void main(){ clrscr();

stock obj[2]; int n; char ttle[50];

cout<<"Enter details of 3 books"; for(int i=0;i<2;++i)

obj[i].input();

cout<<endl; cout<<"\n Enter title of required book\n"; gets(ttle);

for(i=0;i<2;i++) {

if(obj[i].access_title(ttle)){

cout<<"\nHow many copies? ";cin>>n;obj[i].getdata(n);

}else

cout<<"\nBook unavailable"; } getch();}

OUTPUT:

Enter details of 3 booksTitle: Da Vinci Code

Author:Dan Brown

Publisher:Sun

Prices:455

copies available:300

Title: Harry Potter

Author:J K Rowling

Publisher:Bloomsbury

Prices:800

copies available:100

Enter title of required bookHarryPotter

Book availableHow many copies? 20

Cost of 20 books is Rs. 16000

Data File Handling

Q- Write a c++ program, which initialises a string variable to the content. "time is great teacher but unfortunately it kills all its pupils. Berlioz" and output the string one character atra time to the disk file.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<fstream.h>#include<string.h>

int main(){

char str[]="Time is a great teacher but unfortunately it kills all its pupils.Berlioz",ch;

int i;ofstream fout;fout.open("OUT.TXT",ios::out);int len=strlen(str);for(i=0;i<len;i++){

ch=str[i];fout.put(ch);

}cout<<"The string has been successfully written into the file";return 0;

}

OUTPUT:

The string has been successfully written into the file

Q- Write a user defined function in c++ to read the content from a text file STORY.TXT , count and display the no. of alphabets present in it.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<fstream.h>#include<ctype.h>#include<stdio.h>

void main(){ clrscr();

char str[50];fstream file;

file.open("Story.txt",ios::in|ios::out|ios::trunc); cout<<"\nEnter string\n"; gets(str); int i; for(i=0;str[i]!='\0';i++) file.put(str[i]); file.seekg(0,ios::beg); int ctr=0; for(i=0;str[i]!='\0';i++) { if(isalpha(str[i])) ctr++; } cout<<"\nNumber of alphabets is\t"<<ctr; getch();}

OUTPUT:

Enter string KARTHIKRAO88.RAO Number of alphabets is 13

Q- Assuming a binary file JOKES.TXT is containing objects belonging to a class JOKE, write user defined function in c++ to add more objects belonging to class JOKE at the bottom of it.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<fstream.h>#include<stdio.h>class joke{

int joke_id;char type[5];char joke_desc[200];public:void newjoke()

{cout<<"\nEnter joke id:";cin>>joke_id;cout<<"\nEnter joke type:(max 4 letters)";gets(type);cout<<"\nEnter the joke:\n";gets(joke_desc);}

void showjoke(){cout<<"\nJoke id:"<<joke_id;cout<<"\nJoke type:";puts(type);cout<<"\nJoke:\n";puts(joke_desc);

cout<<"HAHAHA";}

};joke jo;void add_joke(){

fstream file;file.open("joke",ios::binary|ios::app|ios::in|ios::out);int n,i;

cout<<"\nHow many jokes?";cin>>n;for(i=0;i<n;i++){ jo.newjoke();

file.write((char*)&jo,sizeof(jo));}file.close();

}void main(){

clrscr();cout<<"HAHAHA";add_joke();

jo.showjoke();getch();

}

OUTPUT:

HAHAHAHow many jokes?2 Enter joke id:1 Enter joke type:(max 4 letters)HUMR Enter the joke: ABCDEFGHIJKLM Enter joke id:2 Enter joke type:(max 4 letters)HUMR Enter the joke: QWERTYUIO Joke id:2 Joke type:HUMR Joke: QWERTYUIO HAHAHA

POINTERS

Q- Suppose 7 names are stored in an array of pointers names[] as shown below. Write a program to reverse the order of these names.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<string.h>void main(){

clrscr();char *name[]={"anand","naureen","banjot","wahid","sheena"};int i,j;cout<<"\nOriginal string\n";for(i=0;i<5;i++)

cout<<name[i]<<endl;char *t;for(i=0,j=4;i<5/2;i++,j--){

t=name[i];name[i]=name[j];name[j]=t;

}cout<<"\nReversed string:\n";for(i=0;i<5;i++)cout<<name[i]<<endl;getch();

}

OUTPUT:

Original string anand naureen banjot wahid sheena Reversed string:

sheena wahid banjot naureen anand

Q- Write a function to encode a string that is passed to it. The string should get converted into an unrecognizable form.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<string.h>

#include<stdio.h>

void encode(char str1[],int l);

int main(){

char str[30];cout<<"Enter an string:";gets(str);int len=strlen(str);encode(str,len);return 0;

}

void encode(char str1[],int l){

int i;for(i=0;i<l;i++){

str1[i]=str1[i]+10;}cout<<"\nThe encoded string is:"<<endl;for(i=0;i<l;i++){

cout<<str1[i];}cout<<"\nThe proper string is:"<<endl;

for(i=0;i<l;i++)str1[i]=str1[i]-10;

for(i=0;i<l;i++)cout<<str1[i];

}

OUTPUT:

Enter an string:KARTHIK The encoded string is: UK\^RSUThe proper string is: KARTHIK

Q- Write a function search() which scans a string from beginning to end in search of character. If the character is found it should return a pointer to the first occurence of the given character in the string. Ig\f the given character is not found in the string the function should return NULL. The prototype if the function is char * search(char *,char);

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<string.h>#include<stdio.h>

char *search(char *,char);int len;

int main(){

char str[20],ch,*f;cout<<"Enter a string:";gets(str);cout<<"Enter the character to be searched for:";cin>>ch;len=strlen(str);f=search(str,ch);if(f!=NULL)

cout<<"Character is found.";else

cout<<"Character is not found.";return 0;

}

char *search(char *x,char d){

int i;for(i=0;i<len;i++){

if(*x==d)

return x;x++;

}return NULL;

}

OUTPUT:

Enter a string:KARTHIKEnter the character to be searched for:RCharacter is found.

Arrays

Q- Write a c++ program to sort an array of numbers, display the greatest and smallest numbers of the array, delete the array and shift the rest of the elements.#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>

int main(){

clrscr();int temp,ctr,i,j,a[20],size,bg,mn,sum=0,even=0,ch;cout<<"Enter the size of the array:";cin>>size;cout<<"Enter the array:";for(i=0;i<size;i++)

cin>>a[i];for(i=0;i<size;i++){

for(j=0;j<size-1-i;j++){if(a[j]>a[j+1]){

temp=a[j];a[j]=a[j+1];a[j+1]=temp;

}}

}cout<<"The sorted array is:"<<endl;for(i=0;i<size;i++)

cout<<a[i]<<" ";cout<<endl;bg=a[0];for(j=0;j<size;j++){

if(bg<a[j])bg=a[j];

}mn=a[0];for(j=0;j<size;j++){

if(a[j]%2==0)even++;

sum+=a[j];if(mn>a[j])

mn=a[j];}cout<<"The maximum value is:"<<bg<<endl;cout<<"The minimum value is:"<<mn<<endl;cout<<"The sum of the array is:"<<sum<<endl;cout<<"The no. of even values is:"<<even<<endl;for(i=0;i<size;i++){

//ch=a[i];for(j=i+1;j<size;j++){

if(a[i]==a[j])a[j]=0;

}}cout<<"The array now is(after removing the duplicate elements):";for(i=0;i<size;i++)

cout<<a[i]<<" ";cout<<endl;for(i=0;i<size;i++){

if(a[i]==0){for(j=i+1;j<size;j++){

a[j-1]=a[j];a[j]=0;

}}

}cout<<"The array now is(after shifting the elements):"<<endl;for(i=0;i<size;i++){

if(a[i])cout<<a[i]<<" ";

}return 0;

}

OUTPUT:

Enter the size of the array:5Enter the array:5 1 4 2 3

The sorted array is: 1 2 3 4 5

The maximum value is:5 The minimum value is:1 The sum of the array is:15The no. of even values is:2

The array now is(after removing the duplicate elements):1 2 3 4 5 The array now is(after shifting the elements): 1 2 3 4 5

Q- Write a c++ program to -find row sum-find column sum-find transpose of matrix-add 2 matrices-subtract two matrices-multiply 2 matrices-find sum of 2 diagonals


int main(){ int a[20][20],b[20][20],i,c,r,ch,rsum[20],r1,c1,j,csum[20],x[20][20],ip,majsum=0,minsum=0; char choice='y'; cout<<"Enter the no. of rows of the matrix:"; cin>>r; cout<<"Enter the no. of columns of the matrix:"; cin>>c; cout<<"Enter an array:"<<endl; for(i=0;i<r;i++){ for(j=0;j<c;j++){ cin>>a[i][j]; } } while(choice=='y') { cout<<"1.Product"<<endl; cout<<"2.Transpose"<<endl; cout<<"3.Row sum and columns sum"<<endl;

cout<<"4.Exit"<<endl; cout<<"5.Sum of diagonals:"<<endl; cout<<"6.Addition of the matrices:"<<endl; cout<<"7.Subtraction of the matrices:"<<endl; cout<<"Enter your choice:"; cin>>ch; switch(ch) { case 1:cout<<"Enter the no. of rows of the other matrix:"; cin>>r1; cout<<"Enter the no. of columns of the other matrix:"; cin>>c1; cout<<"Enter the matrix:"; for(i=0;i<r1;i++){ for(j=0;j<c1;j++){ cin>>b[i][j]; } } if(c!=r1){ cout<<"The matrices cannot be multiplyed."; break; } else { for(i=0;i<r;i++){ for(j=0;j<c;j++){ x[i][j]=0; for(ip=0;ip<r1;ip++){ x[i][j]+=(a[i][ip]*b[ip][j]); } } } } cout<<"The product is:"<<endl; for(i=0;i<r;i++){ for(j=0;j<c1;j++){ cout<<x[i][j]<<" "; } cout<<endl; } break; case 2:for(i=0;i<r;i++){ for(j=0;j<c;j++){ cout<<a[j][i]<<" "; } cout<<endl;

} break; case 3:for(i=0;i<r;i++) rsum[i]=0; for(i=0;i<c;i++) csum[i]=0; for(i=0;i<r;i++){ for(j=0;j<c;j++){ rsum[i]+=a[i][j]; } } for(i=0;i<r;i++){ for(j=0;j<c;j++){ csum[i]+=a[j][i]; } } for(i=0;i<r;i++) cout<<"The sum of row "<<i+1<<" is:"<<rsum[i]<<endl; for(i=0;i<c;i++) cout<<"The sum of column "<<i+1<<" is:"<<csum[i]<<endl; break; case 4:exit(0); break;

case 5:for(i=0;i<r;i++){ for(j=0;j<c;j++){ if(i==j) majsum+=a[i][j]; else if((i+j)==(c-1)) minsum+=a[i][j]; } } cout<<"Major sum is:"<<majsum<<endl; cout<<"The sum of the minor diagonal is:"<<minsum<<endl; break;

case 6:cout<<"Enter the no of rows of the matrix:"; cin>>r1; cout<<"Enter the no. of columns of the matrix:"; cin>>c1; for(i=0;i<r1;i++){ for(j=0;j<c1;j++){ cin>>b[i][j]; } } if((r==r1)&&(c==c1)){

cout<<"Matrices can be added:"<<endl; for(i=0;i<r1;i++){ for(j=0;j<c1;j++){ x[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];} } } else cout<<"Matrices cannot be added:"<<endl; break;

case 7:cout<<"Enter the no of rows of the matrix:"; cin>>r1; cout<<"Enter the no. of columns of the matrix:"; cin>>c1; for(i=0;i<r1;i++){ for(j=0;j<c1;j++){ cin>>b[i][j]; } } if((r==r1)&&(c==c1)){ cout<<"Matrices can be subtracted:"<<endl; for(i=0;i<r1;i++){ for(j=0;j<c1;j++){ x[i][j]=a[i][j]-b[i][j];} } } else cout<<"Matrices cannot be subtracted:"<<endl; break;

} cout<<"want to continue:"; cin>>choice; } return 0;}

OUTPUT:

Enter the no. of rows of the matrix:3Enter the no. of columns of the matrix:3

Enter an array: 1 2

3 45 6 7 8 9

1.Product2.Transpose 3.Row sum and columns sum 4.Exit 5.Sum of diagonals: 6.Addition of the matrices: 7.Subtraction of the matrices:

Enter your choice:1

Enter the no. of rows of the other matrix:2 Enter the no. of columns of the other matrix:3

Enter the matrix:1 2 3 4 5 6 The matrices cannot be multiplied.want to continue:N

Q- Write a program to find the transpose of a matrix

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>void main(){

clrscr();int a[10][10],b[10][10],i,j,r1,r2,c1,c2;cout<<"enter rows and column\n";cin>>r1>>c1;for(i=0;i<r1;i++){

for(j=0;j<c1;j++){

cin>>a[i][j];}

}cout<<"\n";cout<<"this matrix a\n";

for(i=0;i<r1;i++){

for(j=0;j<c1;j++){

cout<<"\t"<< a[i][j];}cout<<"\n";

}cout<<"Tronspose\n";for(i=0;i<c1;i++){

for(j=0;j<r1;j++){

b[i][j]=a[j][i];}

}for(i=0;i<c1;i++)

{for(j=0;j<r1;j++){

cout<<"\t"<<b[i][j];}

cout<<"\n";}

getch();}

OUTPUT:enter rows and column34

12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 13 this matrix a 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 13

Tronspose 1 5 9 2 6 10 3 7 12 4 8 13

Q- Write a function that will scan a string for the occurence of a given string for substring.

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<stdio.h>char *substr(char *string1,char *string2){

char *cp;cp=NULL;int n=0;while(*string1!='\0'){

if(*string1==*string2){

n=1;cp=string1;while(*string2!='\0'){

if(*string1!=*string2){

n=0;cp=NULL;break;

}string1++;string2++;

}}string1++;

}return cp;

}void main(){

clrscr();char str[50],sub[50];

char *pos;cout<<"\nEnter a string \n";gets(str);cout<<"\nEnter a string to searched\n";gets(sub);pos=substr(str,sub);if(*pos){

cout<<"\nString found\n";}else{

cout<<"\nString not found\n";}getch();

}

OUTPUT:

Enter a string KARTHIK RAO 88 Enter a string to searched RAO String found

WRITE A PROGRAM TO COUNT AND DISPLAY THE NUMBER OH LINES NOT STARTING WITH ALPHABET 'A' PRESENT IN THE TEXT FILE "STORY .TXT

#include<iostream.h>#include<conio.h>#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>#include<fstream.h>int nooflines(){

ifstream fin("STORY.TXT");int number=-1;char line[50];while(!fin.eof()){

fin.getline(line,50,'.');for(int i=0;i<50;i++){if((line[i]!='a'&&line[i]!='A')&&(line[i-1]=='\r'))number++;}

}cout<<"\nNumber of lines="<<" "<<number;

}void main(){

clrscr();ofstream fout;char str[500];fout.open("STORY.TXT");cout<<"\nEnter a string\n";gets(str);fout<<str<<"\n";fout.close();nooflines();getch();

}

output:

Enter a string The rose is red.Agirl is playing there. There is a playground.An aeroplane is inthe sky. Number of lines= 4

Linked lists, Stacks And Queues

Q- Write a c++ program that depending on user's choice, either pushes or pops an element in a stack implemented as a linked list.


struct node{

int info;node *next;

}*start,*newptr,*save,*ptr;

node *create_new_node(int );

void insert_beg(node *);void del(void);void display (void);

void main(){

start=NULL;int inf,ch;char c='y';clrscr();while (c=='y'||c=='Y'){

cout<<"1.insert\n2.delete\n3.display"<<endl;cin>>ch;

switch(ch){ case 1:

cout<<"Enter the info"<<endl;

cin>>inf;newptr= create_new_node(inf);insert_beg(newptr);cout<<"Sucess"<<endl;break;

case 2:del();break;

case 3:display();break;

}cout<<"y-continue n-exit"<<endl;cin>>c;}

}

node* create_new_node(int n){

ptr=new node;ptr->info=n;ptr->next=NULL;return ptr;

}

void insert_beg(node *pt){

if (start==NULL)start=pt;

else{

save=start;pt->next=save;start=pt;

}}

void del(void){

if (start==NULL)cout<<"underflow"<<endl;

else{

save=start;start=start->next;delete save;

}}

void display(void){

ptr=start;cout<<"Start";while(ptr!=NULL){

cout<<"->"<<ptr->info;ptr=ptr->next;

}cout<<endl;

}

OUTPUT:

1.insert2.delete3.display1 Enter the info 34 Sucess y-continue n-exit y

1.insert 2.delete 3.display 1

Enter the info 56 Sucess

y-continue n-exit y

1.insert 2.delete 3.display 1 Enter the info 678 Sucess

y-continue n-exit y

1.insert 2.delete 3.display 3 Start->678->56->34 y-continue n-exit y

1.insert 2.delete 3.display 2 y-continue n-exit y

1.insert 2.delete 3.display 3 Start->56->34 y-continue n-exit n

Q- Write a c++ program to convert infix expression to postfix form.

#include<iostream.h>#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>#include<stdlib.h>const int size=50;char infix[size],stack[size],postfix[size],oper,temp,p;int top =-1;

void main(){

clrscr();

int brace,i,j=0;

char pop();

void push (char c);int precidence(char ch);int braces(char *);cout<<"enter the infix exp"<<endl;gets(infix);brace=braces(infix);if (brace!=0)

{cout<<"The number of braces are not equal"<<endl;exit(1);}

//converts the given exp from infix to post fixfor (i=0;infix[i]!='\0';i++)

{if (infix[i]!='*'&&infix[i]!='/'&&infix[i]!='+'&&infix[i]!='-'&&infix[i]!

='^'&&infix[i]!='('&&infix[i]!=')'){

postfix[j++]=infix[i]; //add the operand to post fix}

else if (infix[i]=='(') //add to stack{temp=infix[i];push(temp);}

else if (infix[i]==')') //repeadly pop from stack and add to post fix each operator until a left paranthesis is encountered

{while((p=pop())!='(')

{postfix[j++]=p;}

}else if (top!=-1){

oper=pop(); //if a operator is encountedwhile (precidence (oper)>=precidence(infix[i])) //chk precidence{

postfix[j++]=oper;oper=pop(); //repeatdely pop from stck and add to post fix

}push(oper); //which has same or higher precsidence than the operatorpush(infix[i]);

} else //if oper has lower precidence than the character scanned then the loop is

terminated and oper is pushed back to the stack{

push(infix[i]);}

}

//displays the postfix form of the given expression

while((p=pop())!='$'){

postfix[j++]=p;postfix[j]='\0';cout<<"postfix expression is "<<postfix<<endl;

}getch();

}

int braces(char *s){

int leftb,rightb,i;leftb=rightb=0;for (i=0;s[i]!='\0';i++)

{if (s[i]=='(')

leftb++;else if (s[i]==')')

rightb++;}

if (leftb==rightb)return 0;

else if (leftb<rightb)return 1;

elsereturn -1;

}

char pop(){

char ch;if (top==-1)

return'$';else

{ch=stack[top];top--;return (ch);}

}

void push(char c){

if (top==size)cout<<"stck overflow"<<endl;

else{top++;stack [top]=c;}

}

int precidence(char ch){

if (ch=='^')

return 3;else if (ch=='*'||ch=='/')

return 2;else{if (ch=='+'|| ch=='-')

return 1;else

return 0;}

}

OUTPUT

Enter the infix exp:(A-C)*B

Postfix expression is AC-B*

SCREENSHOTS

End User Application

Computer has become a necessity of every aspect of life. With such great dependence on computers for our work, it is essential to master them. Typing is a basic skill in using computers. Typing tutor is therefore intended to improve user’s typing skills by providing essential data regarding their typing habits. It can be used by every person who wants to operate computer via a QWERTY standard keyboard.

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Practical Assignment

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