Medieval Europe

The Commercial Revolution

Key TermsThree-field systemGuildCommercial Revolution

Three-Field SystemBefore After

Fallow means left unfarmed

The Three-Field SystemCould farmers yield more crops using half of their land or two-thirds of their land?

The GuildA group of individuals working together to improve economic and social conditions for its members

BlacksmithsWine makersBakersArtisans

How to become a Master

The Commercial Revolution• The expansion of trade and business that

transformed Europe during late part of the Middle Ages• Most trade took place in towns Many serfs

left the manor and urban centers (cities) increased in population

• Trade routes were re-established with the East and North Africa

The Commercial Revolution

Urban Life FlourishesCities and towns grew as trade grewGrowth in population due to new opportunities, including runaway serfsMany negatives to town

Urban Life FlourishesNarrow Streets, filled with animalsNo sewers, human waste just dumped in city streets videoLack of fresh air, light, and clean water (most people never bathed)Buildings made of wood (fire hazard)

The Revival of LearningMuslim Connection

How did Europe re-establish a connection to the East?UniversitiesGreek philosophy and learning

ReflectionWhat was the impact of the Commercial Revolution on Medieval Europe?