NETWORKS RF SURVEY TX SURVEY DRIVE TEST SURVEY

ABSTRACT:f IN THIS PROJECT I INTEND TO DESCRIBE VARIOUS SITE

SURVEYS IT CONTAINS DETAIL ANALYSIS OF:f GSM ARCHITECTURE f CHANNELS (USED IN DRIVE TEST) f TX AND RF SURVEY f VARIOUS TOOLS f MICROWAVE AND GSM ANTENNA(FREQUENCY) f FUTURE ASPECTS

HOW MUCH IS ACHIEVED AND HOW MUCH TIME IT WILL TAKE TO COMPLETE

f BASICS OF TELECOMS f TX SURVEY IS COMPLETED f HALF OF RF SURVEY IS DONE f DRIVE TEST:YET TO START

INTRODUCTIONWhat is GSM ? f Global System for Mobile (GSM) is a second generation cellular standard developed to cater voice services and data delivery using digital modulation It is organised in three subsystems:f Base Station Subsystem (BSS) f Network Switching Subsystem (NSS) f Network Management Subsystem (NMS)

GSM SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

GSM SPECIFICATIONf GSM TYPES: GSM900 AND GSM1800 f Carrier Separation

: 200 Khz f Duplex Distance : 45 Mhz f No. of RF carriers : 124 f Access Method : TDMA/FDMA f Modulation Method : GMSK f Modulation data rate : 270.833 Kbps

LOGICAL CHANNELS

TX SURVEYf is carried out to avoid obstacle for microwave transmission f To decide site details to accommodate all transmission network planning requirement.

RF SURVEYf To identify the best possible locations to install sites f To ensure 100% wireless coverage, along with maximum performance, within

the desired area.

TRANSMISSION SURVEY REPORT PROVIDESf site address with GPS coordinate f map and site situation f existing transmission equipment data f type of transmission, frequencies, configuration and capacity f Line of sight and Path loss calculation f placement of transmission equipment f site readiness including: space for equipments, estimation time

for implementation, tower, power resources f photos of site situation, equipment placement, panoramic 360 degree

TOOLS USEDf GPS f COMPASS f CAMERA f BINOCULAR f MAPINFO PROFESSIONAL f RL TOOL OR GLOBAL

GPS AND COMPASSTower Center

RTK

Distance GPS 1 78.081194/30.412444 AMSL:1296m GPS 2

CAMERAf12 PANAROMIC PHOTOS fAT 30 DEGREE IN 12 DIRECTIONS fProposed antenna locations. fThe camera sees what the antenna will see,

and in this way LOS path conditions are established.

MAPINFO PROFESSIONALTELECOM DATA AND MAPINFO TOGETHER BE USED FOR SITE SELECTION

RL TOOL

FRESNEL ZONEf The area around the visual line-of-sight that radio waves spread

out into after they leave the antenna. This area must be clear or else signal strength will weaken.

GENERAL EQN

where, f Fn = The nth Fresnel Zone radius in metres f d1 = The distance of P from one end in metres f d2 = The distance of P from the other end in metres f = The wavelength of the transmitted signal in metres

HOW FRESNEL ZONE CAN BE DISRUPTED

MICROWAVE ANTENNAf15 GHZ f7 GHZFROM 0 TO 10KM ABOVE 10KM

GSM ANTENNA GSM900f GSM 900:USED IN RURAL OR LESS DENSER AREAS f RF Spectrum

GSM 900 Mobile to BTS (uplink): 890-915 Mhz BTS to Mobile(downlink):935-960 Mhz Bandwidth : 2* 25 Mhz

GSM1800

GSM 1800:USED IN URBAN OR HIGH DENSER AREAS GSM 1800 Mobile to BTS (uplink): 1710-1785 Mhz BTS to Mobile(downlink) 1805-1880 Mhz Bandwidth : 2* 75 Mhz

FUTURE ASPECTSf NEED OF APPROX 2 LAKH SURVEY ENGINEERS f 18 NEW TELECOM OPERATORS AND 12 ALLREADY EXIST f UPCOMING 3G OR UMTS TECHNOLOGY NEEDS MORE

SITES

THANK YOU