American Romanticism: 1800-1860 Light Romanticism, Dark Romanticism, Transcendentalism.
Ppt romanticism regionalism_realism[1][1]
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Transcript of Ppt romanticism regionalism_realism[1][1]
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ROMANTICISM, REGIONALISM, REALISMLiterary Trends and Themes: PowerPoint adapted from the lecture by Carla McGill
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HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
After the Civil War Transformation of the United States
Rural Industrialized, Urban
Literature Reflects a variety of responses to these
changes: social institutions cultural values
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SIGNIFICANT HISTORICAL EVENTS
1865 – The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution is ratified: “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States . . .”
1866 – Ku Klux Klan is founded in Tennessee; Chief Seattle dies 1869 – The Cincinnati Redstockings, the first professional baseball
team, begins play 1870 – The Standard Oil Company is incorporated, with John D.
Rockefeller as president 1872 – Susan B. Anthony is arrested for trying to vote 1876 – Central Park opens in New York City 1880 – Cigarette rolling machine invented; mass production of
cigarettes begins 1882 – Ralph Waldo Emerson dies
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SIGNIFICANT HISTORICAL EVENTS
1883 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules Native Americans are “aliens” and “dependents”; the Brooklyn Bridge is completed
1885 – The Washington Monument completed after 36 years of construction; The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is published
1886 – Emily Dickinson dies 1887 – Chief Seattle’s speech
published for the first time in a newspaper
1890 – 300 Sioux and Chief Sitting Bull are killed by U. S. Army in Massacre at Wounded Knee
1895 – Frederick Douglass dies
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ROMANTICISM (1820 - 1860S)
Originated in German, England, France, and then US
In the United StatesExpansionDistinctive American Voice
Writers shared Sense of wonder Belief in the potential of
people Emotions and intuition
Image of Emersonhttp://usinfo.state.gov/products/pubs/oal/lit3.htm
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ROMANTICISM (1820 - 1860S)
Romantic ideas Centered around art as inspiration Spiritual and aesthetic dimension of nature Metaphors of organic growth
Art Best expresses universal truth Not Science
Importance of expressive art Individual Society
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THE VOYAGE OF LIFE SERIES
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THE LADY OF SHALLOT 1888
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MUSIC FROM THE ROMANTICS
http://www.classicaltv.com/v851/classical-music/beethoven-symphony-no.-8-boston-symphony
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uSizRAWZJhI
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gBRBaRXZ908&feature=fvw
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ROMANTICISM (1820 - 1860S)
Themes Development of the Self
Self Awareness Self and Nature are one Self exploration is not selfish but instead a way of
understanding the universe Humanity
Moral duty Reform Social inequalities Relieve human suffering
Idea of Self Move from negative to positive
http://usinfo.state.gov/products/pubs/oal/lit3.htm
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ROMANTICISM (1820 - 1860S)
Sublime Effect of beauty in grandeur America’s landscape Produces feelings of
Awe Reverence Vastness Greatness beyond human comprehension
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ROMANTICISM (1820 - 1860S)
Ideals Stressed Individualism Value of Common Person Imagination inspired by
Aesthetic Values Ethical Values
http://usinfo.state.gov/products/pubs/oal/lit3.htm
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REGIONALISM
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REGIONALISM
Local Color Literature that Focuses on:
Characters Dialect Customs Topography
Of a specific (local) geographical region Southwestern Down East Humor Can Include (weaknesses)
Nostalgia or sentimentality
http://docsouth.unc.edu/southlit/regionalism.htmlhttp://www.wsu.edu/~campbelld/amlit/lcolor.html
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REGIONALISM
Dialect Establishes credibility and authenticity Regional Characters
Detailed Description Small details of a region Helps to understand the region
Frame Story Narrator hears a tale of the region
http://www.wsu.edu/~campbelld/amlit/lcolor.html
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REALISM
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REALISM (1860 - 1890)
Specifically a technique and subject matter Middle class Life
Reaction to Romanticism Interested in Scientific Method Systematic representation of History
Rational Philosophy deterministic
http://www.wsu.edu/~campbelld/amlit/realism.htm
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REALISM (1860 - 1890)
Characteristics Reality
Well-made plot Characters
Important to action and plot Subject matter: Complex
ethical choices Complexity of attitude and
motive Related to nature, other
people, social class and past
Social Class is important Middle-Class
Events Realistic
Diction Tone
Comic Satiric Matter-of-fact
Objectivity
http://www.wsu.edu/~campbelld/amlit/realism.htm
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NATURALISM
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NATURALISM
Applies Scientific Principles Objectivity Detachment from study of human beings Philosophical Position
“Pessimistic materialistic determinism” George Becker
Character’s Lives Governed by heredity and environment
http://www.wsu.edu/~campbelld/amlit/natural.htm
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NATURALISM - GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
Characters Mostly ill-educated or lower-class Lives dominated by heredity, instinct, passion Social Darwinism
Setting Urban
Plots Slice of Life
Despair
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NATURALISM
Themes Survival, determinism, violence, and taboo (Walcutt) Nature
Force Acting on Humans Man against Man, Man against Nature Heredity and Environment
Affect and afflict Universe
Indifferent and Deterministic