S

PPT ON TEXTILE &

FASHION PRODUCTS

SUBMITTED BY

SAHIL AGARWAL

FBM SECTION

LEVEL-2

2014-18

Table of Contents

S Carpets & Rugs

S Home furnishings-

S Leather

S Metals

S Ceramics

Carpets

S Known as soft floorings / grass

floor coverings.

S Categorized by their

construction , patterns & types

of yarn used.

S It enhances look & appearance

of your premises .

Uses of Carpets

Gives personality to work place ranging from bold to formal.

In hospitality settings it can provide directional clues to move people to the registration counters or elevators..

In retail carpets are a welcome addition

The popularity of carpets has grown tremendously in restaurants, hotels, offices, shops as carpet offers comfort , increases noise absorbancy .

Types of Carpets

CARPETS

WOVEN NON WOVEN

• WILTON

• AXMINSTER

• ORIENTAL

• TUFTED

• BONDED

Woven Carpets

S These are made by the weaving method.

S These are produced on loom which is very similar to woven cloth.

S The are made from different colored yarns & are capable of producing very intricate patterns.

S There are 3 categories of woven carpets Wilton, Axmister and Oriental.

Wilton Carpets

S These are produced on a very

special type weaving machine

called wire loom.

S These may be produced as

Patterned , Plain wilton, cord and

brussels.

Axminster Carpet

S This was founded at Axminster

England in year 1755.

S It has 3 main types (machine woven,

tufted and hand knotted)

S These carpets last for 20-30 years.

S These carpets are popular for their

longtivity and design flexibility. Hotels

and leisure almost use these types of

carpets.

Oriental Carpets

S These are hand woven

S Their origin is from middle-east and Indian sub continents.

S Based on country origin they are called Indian , Afghan , Persian and so on.

S They either belong to floral designs or geometric designs.

S They are durable but costly.

Non-Woven Carpets

S This carpets are produced by attaching the surface pile to a

pre fabricated backing

S They are of 2 types Tufted & Bonded

Tufted Carpet

S It is the most economical carpet

producing methods.

S It is produced by adding yarn onto a

pre existing backing using a special

adhesive. This method is an extremely

fast way of producing carpet. One roll

of Axminster might take 8 hours to

produce but tufted take 1 hour approx.

Bonded Carpets

S It is neither woven & nor

tufted.

S They are glued or heat fused

or in some bonded.

S It has a economical deal for

floor coverings

The Kuba carpet-making school:

The Kuba school that includes the Gonagkend

and Divichi districts covers up to 35 pattern

compositions of the carpets. Kuba is an

historical region hosting a plenitude of various

tribes. Even now the region is populated by

ethnic groups that speak different languages,

among them Azerbaijanis, Lezghins, Tats,

Budugs, Gyryzys and others. The ornamental

pattern is characterized by geometrical and

vegetal motifs, most of them stylized. These

include Gyryz, Gymyl, Gonakend, Shahnezerli

and other carpets.

Kuba Shirvan

Karabakh School of Carpet

The Karabakh carpets amount to 33

compositions. Due to the specifics of

the local sheep wool the Karabakh

carpets are characterized by thick

pile, high and fluffy. These carpets are

marked for their vivid and joyous

colors. They are divided into four

groups: without medallions, with

medallions, namazlyk and subject

carpet. In the mountainous part of

Karabakh the carpets were made in

Malybeili, Muradkhanly, Dashbulag,

Jabrayil, Horadiz and many other

villages.

The Baku school of carpet weaving

includes the villages of Novkhany,

Fatmai, Nardaran, Bulbulya,

Mardakan, Gaadi. These carpets

are marked for their increased

softness of the material and intense

colors, as well as excellent artistic

taste and exquisite decoration. This

school has about 10 compositions.

The historical sources and

inscriptions on the carpets testify to

the fact that carpet making was

widely spread in these villages and

carpet-ware was exported outside

the country.

The Baku Carpet

Rugs

S Rugs are also woven or felted from

fibers, but are smaller than the

room in which they are located,

have a finished edge, and usually

lie over another finished floor such

as wood flooring.

Types of Rugs

S Woven- Produced on loom, creates attractive designs,

S Needle Felt- Durable in nature, new in market, used more in commercial areas,

S Knotted-Done by hand, available in multi color and sizes.

S Tufted-Man made, easy to produce more & expensive deal

Home Furnishings

S Anything which beautifies and helps in decorating home such as

carpet ,rugs, curtain, beds, cushions etc.

Curtains

S Curtains are chameleons.

They work hard at blocking light

and sound, heat and cold.

They're also extraordinarily

decorative and add enormous

personality to a room.

Features of Curtains

Help in maintaining privacy

Control heat and light inside the room

Absorbs and smoothen noise

Add beauty to the room

Help modify shape and size of the room

Curtains hide architectural faults of the room

Brings coziness to the room

Varieties in Curtains

Fabrics used in Curtains

• Brocade-

• Damask

• Gabardine

• Gingham

• Plastic

• Satin

• Taffeta

• Velvet

• Organdy

Beds

A bed is a piece of furniture which

is used as a place to sleep or

relax. Most modern beds consist of

a soft, cushioned mattresses on a

bed frame resting either on solid or

sprung base.

Varieties in Beds

Window Display

Window display is a window that

displays transparent look along

with curtains attach to it in the

corner along with it it also displays

the whole some theme of color

variations as per the color of the

table, chair , bed, wallpapers etc

in the room.

Varieties in Window Display

Leather

Its a durable and flexible material

created by tanning animal rawhide and

skin, often cattle hide. It can be

produced at manufacturing scales

ranging from cottage industry to heavy

industry.

It has multiple uses—including clothing

(e.g., shoes, hats, jackets, skirts,

trousers, and belts), bookbinding, leather

wallpaper, and as a furniture covering.

Types of Leather

Full Grain Top Grain

Corrected Grain Split

Processes of Leather Making

S Prepping the Hide

S Pull the flesh off the hide

S Salt the skin

S Soak the skin in water

S Remove the hairs from the skin

S Give the skin a final lime bath

S Tanning The Leather

S Add any dyes to the container

S Rinse the leather

S Soften the leather

S Apply a leather softening oil

smoke the hide

Flow Chart of Leather Making

Final Leather Products

Metals

It refers to a solid material which is typically hard, shiny, malleable,

fusible, and ductile, with good electrical and thermal conductivity.

Types of Metals

S Ferrous Metals

S Non-Ferrous Metal

S Nobel Metals

S Heavy Metals

S Metal Alloys

Importance of Metals

S Highly Resistance to heat

S Ability to contract at low temperature and expand at high

temperature resepectively

S Good electrical conductivity

S Highly inert to most substances and liquids

What are Ferrous Metals?

These are those metals which contain iron. . All ferrous

metals are magnetic and give little resistance to

corrosion. Some ferrous metals are mild

steel,carbon,stainless etc.

Non-Ferrous Metals

These are those metals which does not contain iron. These

are not magnetic but more resistance to corrosion. Most

Commonly Non-Ferrous metals are aluminium,copper,Brass

etc.

Properties of Metals

Ceramics

Ceramics are classified as

inorganic and non metallic

materials that are essential to

our daily life . Ceramic and

materials engineers are the

people who design the

processes in which these

products can be made, create

new types of ceramic products.

Types of Ceramics

S Whitewares

S Refractories

S Glasses

S Abrasives

S Cements

White wares

S Crockery

S Floor and wall tiles

S Sanitary-ware

S Electrical porcelain

S Decorative ceramics

Refractories

S Iron and steel

S Glass

S Cements energy conversion

S Petroleum

S Chemical

Glasses

S Flat glass (windows)

S Container glass (bottles)

S Pressed and blown glass

(dinnerware)

S Glass fibres (home insulation)

S Advanced/specialty glass

(optical fibres)

Abrasives

S Natural (garnet,

diamond, etc.)

S Synthetic abrasives

(silicon carbide,

diamond, fused alumina,

etc.) are used for

grinding, cutting,

polishing, lapping, or

pressure blasting of

materials

Industrial Use of Ceramics

S Metalized Ceramics

S Wear resistant linear

S Ballistic protection

S Grinding Equipment

S Coal Washery

S Power Generation