Power to the PeopleHydrogen, fuel cells, batteries and

their translation

John T. S. Irvine

University of St Andrews

Michelin, Dundee 20th February 2020

Focus and Opportunity

• Incumbent Economics dominated by centralised and fossil Energy• CCS, nuclear ??

• Re-engineer to decentralised • Refocus to transport, heat, chemicals• Waste to energy

• Renewables Potential• Intermittency and Availability• Enabled by Storage• Export

• Save CO2 sooner

Power to the People

Address global warming

• Reduce

– Efficiency

– Renewables

– Change

• Remove

– Sequestration

– Utilisation – Chemicals

– Sustainable forestry

– Increasing Carbon in Soils

https://www.sare.org/Learning-Center/Books/Building-Soils-for-Better-Crops-3rd-Edition/Text-Version/Organic-Matter-What-It-Is-and-Why-It-s-So-Important/Organic-Matter-and-Natural-Cycles

The real challenges and rewards are in how we put things together

We need storage

St Andrews

3.4GW 2,852km2

CO2

GENEration Storage Innovation and Sustainability

GENESIS Facility on Eden

John T. S. Irvine

University of St Andrews

Eden Innovation Park

Energy Devolution• Batteries

– Vehicles

– Stationary

– Speciality

• Supercapacitors

• Flow Cells

• Hydrogen

• Synthetic Fuels and Feedstocks from Electrolysis

• Bioenergy

• Fuel Cells

• Economics and Policy

GENEration Storage Innovation and Sustainability

GENESIS Facility on Eden

• Gerry Agnew, Rolls Royce Professor in Energy Engineering

• Faraday Institute £12M Na ion battery project

• Battery scale up facility

• Aligning with Michelin project

– Different TRLs but synergies…

• Hydrogen Accelerator

Innovation Bridge

Enabling Research Eden Centre

St Andrews/ETP

Hydrogen ferry, Hyseas Project

Martin Smith, build at Fergusons

Hyundai NEXO, FCV370 mi range

Refueling: 5 minutes

Tesla Model X, BEV295 mi range

Recharging: 240V 6-30 hours, 480V 40+ minutes

Battery Electric Vehicle

Fuel Cell Vehicle

Nissan Leaf

FI Phase-2 Projects:Next-Generation Na-ion Batteries (NEXGENNA)Lead: J. Irvine (St Andrews)Rob Armstrong (St Andrews), Nuria Tapia-Ruiz (Lancaster)

November 2019

NEXGENNA- NEXT GENERATION OF NA-ION BATTERIESINTRODUCTION- KEY AIMS AND IMPORTANCE

16

• NEXGENNA aims to deliver high-performance, cost-competitive, safe and long cycle Na-ion batteries to enable UK-based industry sector to grow world-leaders of this technology.

• Multidisciplinary approach with early and senior academics at the forefront of their respective fields and chief industrial players.

NEXGENNA- NEXT GENERATION OF NA-ION BATTERIESINTRODUCTION- KEY AIMS AND IMPORTANCE

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• Why Na-ion?•As application possibilities mushroom,

- Na ion can meet the new demand

- Low cost e.g. large scale storage

- home energy storage,

- 2/3 wheelers in Developing World

NEXGENNA- NEXT GENERATION OF NA-ION BATTERIESINTRODUCTION- KEY AIMS AND IMPORTANCE

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• Why Na-ion?•As application possibilities mushroom,

- Na ion can meet the new demand

- Low cost e.g. large scale, energy storage, 2/3 wheelers in Developing World

• Sodium availability

• Avoids cobalt

• Safe transport

• Potential for UK Manufacture

Irvine (PI), Armstrong (WPL, PL), Morris

ChhowallaGreyWright(WPL)

NEXGENNA- NEXT GENERATION OF NA-ION BATTERIESINTRODUCTION- WHO ARE WE?

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Tapia-Ruiz (WPL, PL)GriffinKolosovMertens

Academic partners

Industry partners

External partners

BostonCorrCussenReeves-McLaren

David, Owen JonesWood

ScanlonPalgrave

Carbon Dioxide electrolysis to syngas: enabling through electrochemical switching at nanoscale via oxide or protonic conduction to macroscale concept.

Solid State Electrochemistry GroupOur work ranges from basic solid state science through materials science to engineering.

We seek to translate new ideas to new technology, we need to do some engineering.

Around 50% of our students/PDRAS have engineering degrees

• Pitlochry 2018

• SFC

• EPSRC

• EU Scotas

• Royal Society

• NSF Materials World

Acknowledgements