POWER SYSTEM OPERATION AND CONTROL

PRESENTED BY:

SHANKAR SETHY

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

CET,BBSR

Submitted to:Dr. Abhimanyu MohapatraDr. Ranjan Kumar Jena

CONTENTS:

* CONSTRAINTS OF POWER SYSTEM 1.ACTIVE POWER CONSTRAINT 2.REACTIVE POWER CONSTRAINT 3.VOLTAGE MAGNITUDE CONSTRAINT 4.LOAD ANGLE CONSTRAINT

* LOAD FLOW ANALYSIS 1.BUS CLASSIFICATION 2.BASIC POWER FLOW CONDITIONS 3.DEVELOPMENT OF Y-BUS MATRIX

CONSTRAINTS:

CONSTRAINTS MEANS LIMITATIONS OR BASIC OPERATING CONDITIONS IN POWER SYSTEM

FOUR CONSTRAINTS ARE THERE.

1.ACTIVE POWER CONSTRAINT2.REACTIVE POWER CONSTRAINT3.VOLTAGE MAGNITUDE CONSTRAINT4.LOAD ANGLE CONSTRAINT

1.ACTIVE POWER CONSTRAINT:

Pmin < P < Pmax

2.REACTIVE POWER CONSTRAINT:

Qmin < Q < Qmax

3.VOLTAGE MAGNITUDE CONSTRAINT:

|V|min < |V| < |V|max

4.LOAD ANGLE CONSTRAINT:

min < max

LOAD FLOW ANALYSIS:

* IT IS A BALANCED MECHANISM BETWEEN DEMAND AND GENERATION UNDER INCREMENTAL LOADING CONDITIONS

*AT PRESENT,, FOR SAFE OPERATION OF THE SYSTEM AND IN FUTURE,, FOR THE EXTENSION OF POWER SYSTEM

BASIC POWER FLOW CONDITIONS:

1.REACTIVE POWER IS PROPORTIONAL TO BUSBAR VOLTAGE

2.ACTIVE POWER IS PROPORTIONAL TO LOAD ANGLE

BUS CLASSIFICATION

(a) LOAD BUS (OR) P-Q BUS

(b) GENERATOR BUS (OR) P-V BUS

(c) SLACK BUS

SYSTEM MODELLING *POWER SYSTEM NETWORK SHOULD BE MODELLED INTO AN APPROPRIATE MODEL TO CARRY OUT LOAD FLOW ANALYSIS.

*USUALLY -MODEL

*AS PER -MODEL, I=YVWHERE I & V ARE CURRENT AND VOLTAGE VECTORS.Y IS CALLED Y-BUS MATRIX.

DEVELOPMENT OF Y-BUS MATRIX:HERE TWO CASE STUDIES ARE CONSIDERED TO DEVELOP Y-BUS MATRIX.

(1) BY CONSIDERATION OF LINE RESISTANCE & INDUCTANCE ONLY

(2) CAPACITANCE TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION ALONGWITH RESISTANCE & INDUCTANCE

CASE - 1:CONSIDER THE DIAGRAM

CONSIDER THE FOLLOWING FIGURE

CASE - 2:CAPACITANCE EXISTS IN SHUNT, DISTRIBUTED ALONG THE LINE AS SHOWN IN THE FIGURE

THIS IS ALL ABOUT SYSTEM MODELLING AND Y-BUS MATRIX.NOW I CONCLUDE HERE. THANKS……