POWER SHARING

• INDIA

• BELGIUM

• SRI LANKA

• syria

POWER

MEANING

•

Power Sharing In

India

Power Sharing• Power sharing is the very spirit of

democracy.

• A democratic rule involves sharing power

with those affected by its exercise, and who

have to live with its effects.

• All communities, social groups get their

say in the governance.

Power Sharing in India

• People of India elect their representative

through direct franchise.

• After that, people’s representatives elect the

government to make or amend rules &

regulations and to carry out day to day

functioning of governance.

Power Sharing in India

• In a democracy, through institutions of self-

governance, people rule themselves.

• In a good democratic government, everyone

has a voice in the shaping of public policies.

• In a democracy, political power should be

distributed among as many citizens as

possible.

Need Of Power Sharing (

Reducing of Conflicts)• Power sharing helps in reducing the conflict

between various social groups. Hence,

power sharing is necessary for maintaining

social harmony and peace.

• Power sharing helps in avoiding the

tyranny of majority. The tyranny of

majority not only destroys the minority

social groups but also the majority social

group.

Need Of Power Sharing (

Reducing of Conflicts)• People’s voice forms the basis of a

democratic government. Hence, power

sharing is essential to respect the spirit of

democracy.

• Avoiding conflict in society and preventing

majority tyranny are considered as

prudential reasons for power sharing.

Maintaining the spirit of democracy is

considered as the moral reason for power

sharing.

Forms Of Power Sharing In

India1. Horizontal distribution of power

• Power is shared among different organs of

government, such as the legislature,

executive and judiciary. This is called

horizontal distribution of power.

• It allows different organs of government

placed at the same level to exercise different

powers.

Horizontal distribution of power

• This ensures that no organ exercises

unlimited powers.

• Each organ is checked by the other, which

results in a balance of power among various

institutions. This arrangement is also called

a system of checks and balances.

Horizontal distribution of power

• The executive enjoys official power but is

answerable to the legislature.

• The legislature has the right to make or

amend laws but it is answerable to the

people.

• The judiciary is independent and ensures

that the law of the land is obeyed by

legislature and executive.

Horizontal Distribution Of

Power

Indian Government

Legislature Executive Judiciary

Vertical Distribution Of Power

Municipality/Panchayat

State Government

Union/Central Government

Belgium (French Belgique; Dutch

België), constitutional monarchy in

northwestern Europe. Belgium is

one of the smallest and most

densely populated European

countries. It is also the most

urbanized; 97 percent of its people

live in urban areas. Together with

Netherlands and Luxembourg,

Belgium forms the Low, or

Benelux, Countries. The country’s

name comes from the Belgae, a

Celtic people who lived in the

region and were conquered by

Roman general Julius Caesar in 57

BC. Its capital and largest city is

Brussels.

Belgium is situated between France and the plains of northern Europe, and it borders the North Sea. Because of its geographic position as a crossroads of Europe, Belgium has been a major commercial center since the Middle Ages. The North Sea has been the country’s outlet for trade with the rest of the world. Belgium’s geographic location has also given it strategic importance, and many battles have been fought for control of the area. Belgium became an independent country in 1830.

The "independence flag" of Syria, used before

the Ba'athist coup in 1963, has been widely

used by protesters as an opposition flag and

has been adopted officially by the Syrian

National Coalition and the Free Syrian Army.

?

• Bashar Hafez al-Assad (born

11 September 1965) is the

President of Syria and Regional

Secretary of the Syrian-led

branch of the Arab Socialist

Ba'ath Party. He has served as

President since 2000, when he

succeeded his father, Hafez al-

Assad, who had ruled Syria for

30 years prior to his death.

Bashar Al-Assad

The armies and forces that support the Syrian government are:

• Syrian Armed Forces

• Jaysh al-Sha'bi

• Shabiha

• National Defense Force

• al-Abbas brigade

• Lijan militias

Syrian Government

• Iran:

Revolutionary Guards

Foreign militants:

• Hezbollah

• PFLP–GC

• Houthis

• Others

• In June 2013, the death toll was updated to 92,900–100,000by the United Nations. According to various opposition activist groups, between 72,960 and 96,430 people have been killed, of which about half were civilians, but also including 58,500 armed combatants consisting of both the Syrian Army and rebel forces, up to 1,000 opposition protesters and 1,000 government officials.

Consequences

How is the situation nowadays?

Thank You

Made Group IV

Garima BulaniYash Agrawal

Priyanshu KhameriaSanidhya KhatriArchie Peshwani