Power PresentationsCHAPTER 29

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Democratic Ideals

It is 1960, and you live in a Southern city. For decades, African Americans in the South have endured racial segregation. Now they are protesting against it—in spite of the risk of being attacked. You must decide whether or not you will participate in the protests and in what way.

How would you stop injustice in society?

• How far would you be willing to go to help the protestors?

• In what ways, besides protesting, could you help end segregation?

To World 1972 Members of AIM occupy the Bureau of Indian Affairs.

1970 La Raza Unida is founded.

1968 Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., is assassinated.

1965 Congress passes the Voting Rights Act.

1964 Congress passes the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

1963 The March on Washington takes place. Kennedy is assassinated and Johnson becomes president.

Image1957 Federal troops are sent to desegregate Little Rock Central High School.

1955 Montgomery bus boycott begins.

1954 The Supreme Court decides Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka.

Back to Home Back to U.S.

1971 India and Pakistan go to war.

1967 Civil War rages in Nigeria.

1962 African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela is imprisoned.

1957 African nation of Ghana wins independence.

Main Idea

Why It Matters Now

Changes after World War II helped African Americans make progress in their struggle for equality.

The African-American struggle for equality became a model for modern protest movements.

What were important events of the early civil rights movement? What did they challenge? What were the results?

challenged school

segregation

Eisenhower sends troops

to enforce integration

governor sends troops

to prevent integration

college students try to desegregate

lunch counters

Supreme Court rules bus

segregation unconstitutional

Brown v. Board

of Education

Montgomery bus boycott

sit-insLittle Rock

Early Civil Rights Movement

• How did World War II help lead to the civil rights movement?

• What role did Thurgood Marshall play in challenging segregation?

• How did Martin Luther King, Jr., become a well-known civil rights leader?

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Contrasting

How did the tactics used by civil rights protestors differ from the response of many Southern whites?

Think About

• the Montgomery bus boycott

• the events in Little Rock• the nature of sit-ins

Main Idea

Why It Matters Now

The civil rights movement led to the end of legal segregation.

African Americans still face discrimination but now have more opportunities than before.

What important events of the civil rights movement occurred between 1960 and 1968?

Kennedy elected president

CORE starts Freedom Rides

March on Washington

ImageCivil Rights Act, Freedom Summer

Voter registration drive in Selma, Voting Rights Act

SCLC protests in Chicago

King assassinated1968

1966

1965

1964

1963

1961

1960

• Why did civil rights workers believe Birmingham was a good place to protest?

• How did civil rights workers fight to improve African-American voting rights?

• Why did the movement begin to break apart?

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Making Inferences

Think About

• who and what they might want to vote for

• what they were willing to endure to win voting rights

• how Southern whites kept them from voting

Why do you think African Americans placed so much importance on the right to vote?

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Main Idea

Why It Matters Now

The African-American struggle for equality inspired other groups to fight for equality.

Nonwhites and women continue to fight for equality today.

What were important details about the Mexican-American, Native American, and women’s struggle for equal rights?

Founded La Raza Unida to fight for better wages, education, and housing

Issued Declaration of Indian Purpose, Self-Determination Act of 1975

Mexican Americans Native Americans Women

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Published The Feminine Mystique, founded the National Organization for Women

• What was La Raza Unida and what did it do?

• What was the Declaration of Indian Purpose?

• How did Betty Friedan help to launch the women’s liberation movement?

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Analyzing Points of View

What were the different opinions about the ERA?

Think About

• what NOW and other women’s groups would have thought of it

• what Phyllis Schlafly thought of it

REVIEW QUESTIONS

ANSWERS: READ AND TAKE NOTES

1 What factors helped to give strength to the demands of the civil rights movement?

2 What were the immediate and long-term effects of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka?

3 How did white people react to civil rights protests?

4 What factors made it difficult for Kennedy to act on civil rights?

5 Why did Congress eventually pass civil rights legislation?

6 What effects did Johnson’s Great Society legislation have?

7 How did farm workers participate in the civil rights movement?

8 What challenges did Hispanics face in their civil rights struggle?

9 Why did Native Americans protest U.S. government policy?

10 What kinds of discrimination did women challenge during the civil rights era?

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NAACP lawyers challenge the Plessy decision.

Arrest of Parks and the anger of African Americans in Montgomery

Protests in Birmingham and March on Washington increase pressure for civil rights legislation.

Causes Events

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

Montgomery bus boycott

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Protests in Selma and problems African Americans have registering to vote

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Analyzing Causes

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Causes Events

Mexican Americans organize to fight for rights.

La Raza Unida

Women want more opportunities in American life.

Publication of The Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan

Native Americans seek protection for their land and their traditional cultures.

The federal government ends its “termination policy.”

Analyzing Causes

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