Power Plant Construction and QA/QC

Section 4.3 – Electrical Interconnections

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Section 4.3 – Electrical Interconnections

Overview

• Interconnections provide;

• Power Distribution – Substations, Grid

• Protection – Overvoltage, Overcurrent

• Transformation – Voltage

• Plant base loads– voltage and frequency

• Protection – Relays

• Equipment availability

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Section 4.3 – Electrical Interconnections

Interconnected Generation

• Cogeneration

• Small Power Production – Solar, Waste, Biomass

• Peak Shaving

• Dispersed Storage and Generation – Pump Storage

• Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC)

• FERC 1979 Energy Act

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Section 4.3 – Electrical Interconnections

Transformer Connections

P S P S

P SP S

Wye – Delta

Delta – Delta Delta – Wye

Wye – Wye

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Section 4.3 – Electrical Interconnections

Transformer Protection

• Protective Relays;

• Voltage – over and under

• Frequency – over and under

• Differential – internal faults

• Directional – power flow

• Distance – fault distance from source

• Synchronizing – allow synchronization of two sources

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Questions?

Section 4.3 – Electrical Interconnections