Power Generation Using P iezoelectric Devices
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Transcript of Power Generation Using P iezoelectric Devices
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Power Generation Using Piezoelectric
DevicesMitsuki TsubooDaisuke HamazakiYuki FunazawaKyosuke Horiuchi
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What Is a Piezoelectric Device?・ Piezoelectricity (a phenomenon of electricity caused by pressure or vibration)・ Piezoelectric device (PD) (a machine that responds to stress or vibration) ・ Dimensions (35 x 35 x 0.53 mm)・ Structure (positive ions are located in the center of lattice)・ Abilities (when impacted, it generates an AC voltage, in contrast , when subjected to an AC voltage, it vibrates slightly)
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Research Instruments
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How on Earth Did We Come Across PDs?
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Power Problems On March 11th, 2011, a powerful earthquake struck Tohoku, which created secondary disasters. Some of them were power shortages and radioactive contamination, or power problems.
We got interested in the problem and decided to find the solution.2012
2010
91
62
2
32
7
6CoalNuclearOther
%Thermal power generation
62% 91%
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Alternative Energy
A thermal power station can generate a huge amount of electric energy in a day. It’s about… 1.3 x 1014 [J]
To produce as much electric energy as a thermal power
station can generate in a day, you have to press a PD
with your finger…
100,000,000,000,000,000,000 times.
Solar energy Biomass energy
Geothermal energy Wind
energyVibrational energy Solution
!!!
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OutlineExperiment 1
Experiment 2
Experiment 3
Drop Test
DC / AC
The Best Circuit
Confirm a PD’s performance in our experiment by drop test
See if the PD allows DCor AC to flow
Create three types of circuits and examine which is thebest
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Experiment 1~The Relationship Between Height and Voltage~
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Drop Test
(50 [mm] = 2.0 [in] )
Drop Machine This machine dropped a small ball on a PD from a height of 50mm or 100mm and an oscilloscope measuredgenerated voltage.
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Results and DiscussionHeight [mm] 50 100
Average voltage [V]
107 115Trial : 40 [times]Average time : 4.5 [ms]
The higher the ball fell from the ground, the higher voltage it made. Although the height was doubled from 50mm to 100mm, voltage did not double. This was caused by the deformationability of the PD.
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Now the PDs only have to be connected…?
What’s wrong?
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Experiment 2~Can AC / DC flow through the PD?~
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AC / DC We connected a power source, a PD and an electric music box in a series circuit. And we changed power source to DC or AC.
DC voltage AC voltage
Ammeter
PD
Rectifier
… considered sounding showed current flowing
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Results and DiscussionIn case of DC, The DC circuit didn’t sendcurrent. However, it sent current only when it was pushed.
But…
In case of AC, The AC circuit was allowed toflow into the PD without Pushing it.
But...
Simultaneously
■ Associated wave
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Experiment 3~The Best Way to Connect them?~
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The Best Circuit
Precondition ・ Eventually convert AC into DC ・ Push them simultaneously ・ Connect PDs in parallel
As a control, we built circuit 1 and ones which had one more PD. Then we examined what kind of circuit is better to generate more electric current than that in circuit 1.
Type 1D-1, R-1 Type 2
D-2, R-1
Type 3D-2, R-1
Type 4D-2, R-2
D (PD)R (rectifier)
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ResultsType PD Rectifier Connection method Current level
1 1 1 Basis
2 2 1 PDs are connected opposite to each other
3 2 1 PDs are connected in the same direction
4 2 2 Rectifiers are connected to PDs one by one.
The best ways to connect are type 2 and type 4. But…
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Connection ProblemsIn case of type 2, The more PDs are installed,the more difficult it is to push them simultaneously.
In case of type 4, We require the same number of rectifiers as PDs.
Simultaneously
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Summary・ The higher pressure that is applied to PDs, the higher voltage they generate.・ The generated voltage is not in direct proportion to pressure.・ To convert stress to electric energy efficiently, we need to develop an idea for how the PDs can be pushed or have the same number of devices and rectifiers in the circuit.
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Practical UseDifferent Method
Moderate PressureMore Tries
40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1100
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Height [mm]
Vol
tage
[V]
PD Dropped from 100 mm
Two PDs connected in series and pushed them simultaneously
Ten PDs connected in series and installed a diode
Next Plan・ More tries・ A large volume of data
Our expectation
What is the shape of the graph in experiment 1?
Is there another effective method?
We tried setting PDs on a slipper…
Push them simultaneously!
Require many rectifiers!
? Another different idea?
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Thank You for Listening