Power Factor Capacitor & Harmonic Filter

CA08104001E For more information, visit:

www.eaton.com/consultants

September 2011

Contents

Power Factor Capacitors and Harmonic Filters 35.0-1

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Power Factor Capacitors and Harmonic Filters

Capacitor Application Considerations

Capacitor Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.0-2

NEC Code Requirements for Capacitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.0-2

Capacitor Switching Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.0-3

Installing Capacitors in a Plant Distribution System . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.0-5

Locating Capacitors on Reduced Voltageand Multi-Speed Motor Starters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.0-6

Harmonic Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.0-7

Capacitor Banks and Transformers Can Cause Resonance . . . . . . . .

35.0-7

Diagnosing a Potential Harmonics Related Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.0-7

Eliminating Harmonic Problems —Passive and Switched Harmonic Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.0-8

Motor Power Factor Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.0-9

Capacitor Application Tables for Motors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.0-11

600 Volts AC and Below

Low Voltage Power Factor Correction Capacitor Banks and Harmonic Filters

UNIPUMP Power Factor Correction Capacitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.1-1

Power Factor Correction Capacitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.1-3

Harmonic Filtering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.1-3

UNIPAK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.1-4

Automatic Power Factor Correction Systems

AUTOVAR 300 Wall-Mounted up to 300 kVAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.2-1

AUTOVAR 300 Dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.2-2

AUTOVAR 600 Floor-Mounted up to 1200 kVAR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.2-3

AUTOVAR 600 Dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.2-6

AUTOVAR Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.2-8

AUTOVAR Switched Harmonic Filter Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.2-10

Active Harmonic Filter-Harmonic Correction Unit (480V Max.)

General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.3-1

Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.3-5

Transient-Free Statically Switched Capacitor Bank


35.4-1

Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.4-4

Metal-Enclosed—Medium Voltage

UNIVAR XV (5 kV Class)


35.5-1

Layout Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.5-4

UNIVAR (15 kV Class)


35.5-6


35.5-7

Autovar MV


35.6-2


35.6-6

Specifications

See Eaton’s

Product Specification Guide

, available on CD or on the Web.CSI Format: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1995 2010

Fixed Power Factor Correction Equipment—LV(UNIVAR) . . . . . . . . . . .

Section 16280A

Section 23 35 33.11

Switched Power Factor Correction Equipment—LV (AUTOVAR) . . . . . . . . . . .

Section 16280B

Section 23 35 33.13

Switched Harmonic Filter Equipment—LV (AUTOVAR) . . . . . . . . .

Section 16280C

Section 26 35 26.11

Switched Power Factor Correction—MV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Section 16280D

Section 23 35 33.17

Switched Capacitor & Harmonic Filter Equipment—MV (AUTOVAR)

. . . . . . . . . .

Section 16280E

Section 23 35 33.19

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35.0-2

For more information, visit:


CA08104001E

September 2011


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Application Considerations

Capacitors

002

Capacitor Selection

There are two basic types of capacitor installations: individual capacitors on linear or sinusoidal loads, and banks of fixed or automatically switched capacitors at the feeder or substation.

Individual vs. Banked Installations

Advantages of individual capacitors at the load:

■

Complete control. Capacitors cannot cause problems on the line during light load conditions

■

No need for separate switching. Motor always operates with capacitor

■

Improved motor performance due to more efficient power utilization and reduced voltage drops

■

Motors and capacitors can be easily relocated together

■

Easier to select the right capacitor for the load

■

Reduced line losses

■

Increased system capacity

Advantages of bank installations at the feeder or substation:

■

Lower cost per kVAR

■

Total plant power factor improved—reduces or eliminates all forms of kVAR charges

■

Automatic switching ensures exact amount of power factor correction, eliminates overcapacitance and resulting overvoltages

Table 35.0-1. Summary of Advantages/Disadvantages of Individual, Fixed Banks, Automatic Banks, Combination

Selection Criteria

The selection of the type of capacitor installation will depend on advantages and disadvantages of each type and several plant variables, including load type, load size, load constancy, load capacity, motor starting methods and manner of utility billing.

Load Type

If a facility has many large motors, 50 hp and above, it is usually economical to install one capacitor per motor and switch the capacitor and motor together. If there are many small motors, 1/2 to 25 hp, motors can be grouped with one capacitor at a central point in the distribution system. Often, the best solution for plants with large and small motors is to use both types of capacitor installations.

Load Size

Facilities with large loads benefit from a combination of individual load, group load and banks of fixed and automatically-switched capacitor units. A small facility, on the other hand, may require only one capacitor at the service entrance.

Sometimes, only an isolated trouble spot requires power factor correction in applications such as welding machines, induction heaters or DC drives. If a particular feeder serving a low power factor load is corrected, it may raise overall plant power factor enough that additional capacitors are unnecessary.

Load Constancy

If a facility operates around-the-clock and has a constant load demand, fixed capacitors offer the greatest economy. If load is determined by eight-hour shifts five days a week, use switched units to decrease capacitance during times of reduced load.

Method Advantages Disadvantages

Individualcapacitors

Most technically efficient, most flexible Higher installation and maintenance cost

Fixed bank Most economical, fewer installations Less flexible, requires switches and/or circuit breakers

Automaticbank

Best for variable loads, prevents overvoltages, low installation cost

Higher equipment cost

Combination Most practical for larger numbers of motors

Least flexible

Load Capacity

If feeders or transformers are over-loaded, or to add additional load to already loaded lines, correction must be applied at the load. If a facility has surplus amperage, capacitor banks can be installed at main feeders. If load varies a great deal, automatic switching is a good solution.

Utility Billing

The severity of the local electric utility tariff for power factor will affect payback and ROI. In many areas, an optimally designed power factor correction system will pay for itself in less than two years.

National Electrical Code Requirements for Capacitors

Nameplate kVAR

: Tolerance +15, –0%.

Discharge resistors

: Capacitors rated at 600V and less must reduce the charge to less than 50V within 1 minute of de-energization. Capacitors rated above 600V must reduce the charge within5 minutes.

Continuous operation

: Up to 135% rated (nameplate) kVAR, includingthe effects of 110% rated voltage (121% kVAR), 15% capacitance tolerance and harmonic voltages over the fundamental frequency (60 Hz).

Dielectric strength test:

Twice the rated AC voltage (or a DC voltage 4.3 times the AC rating for non-metallized systems).

Overcurrent Protection

: Fusing between 1.65 and 2.5 times rated current to protect case from rupture. Does not preclude NEC

®

requirement for overcurrent protection in all three ungrounded conductors.

Note:

When capacitor is connected to the load side of the motor overcurrent protection, fused disconnects or breaker protection is not required. Fuses are recom-mended for all other indoor applications.




35.0-3

September 2011


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Switching Devices

003

Capacitor Switching Devices

Low Voltage Capacitor Switching

Circuit breakers and switches for use with a capacitor must have a current rating in excess of rated capacitor current to provide for overcurrent from overvoltages at fundamental frequency and harmonic currents. The following percent of the capacitor-rated current should be used as a general guideline:

Fused and unfused switches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165%

Molded-case breaker or equivalent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150%

DS

II

power circuit breakers . . . . .135%

Magnum DS power circuit breaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135%

Contactors:Open type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135%

Enclosed type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150%

The NEC, Section 460.8(c)(4), requires the disconnecting means to be rated not less than 135% of the rated capacitor current (for 600V and below). See

5.0-4

for more information on

Low Voltage Capacitor Switching Devices.

Medium Voltage Capacitor Switching

Capacitance switching constitutes severe operating duty for a circuit breaker. At the time the breaker opens at near current zero the capacitor is fully charged. After interruption, when the alternating voltage on the source side of the breaker reaches its opposite maximum, the voltage that appears across the contacts of the open breaker is at least twice the normal peak line-to-neutral voltage of the circuit. If a breakdown occurs across the open contact the arc is re-established. Due to the circuit constants on the supply side of the breaker, the voltage across the open contact can reach three times the normal line-to-neutral voltage. After it is interrupted and with subsequent alternation of the supply side voltage, the voltage across the open contact is even higher.

ANSI Standard C37.06 (indoor oilless circuit breakers) indicates the preferred ratings of Eaton’s Type VCP-W vacuum breaker. For capacitor switching careful attention should be paid to the notes accompanying the table. The definition of the terms are in ANSI Standard C37.04 Article 5.13 (for the latest edition). The application guide ANSI/IEEE Standard C37.012 covers the method of calculation of the quan-tities covered by C37.06 Standard.

Note that the definitions in C37.04 make the switching of two capacitors banks in close proximity to the switch-gear bus a back-to-back mode of switching. This classification requires a definite purpose circuit breaker (breakers specifically designed for capacitance switching).

We recommend that such application be referred to Eaton.

A breaker specified for capacitor switching should include as applicable:

1. Rated maximum voltage.

2. Rated frequency.

3. Rated open wire line charging switching current.

4. Rated isolated cable charging and shunt capacitor switching current.

5. Rated back-to-back cable charging and back-to-back capacitor switching current.

6. Rated transient overvoltage factor.

7. Rated transient inrush current and its frequency.

8. Rated interrupting time.

9. Rated capacitive current switching life.

10. Grounding of system and capacitor bank.

Loadbreak interrupter switches

are permitted by ANSI/IEEE Standard C37.30 to switch capacitance but they must have tested ratings for the purpose. Refer to Eaton Type MVS ratings.

Projects that anticipate requiring capacitor bank switching or fault interrupting should identify the breakers that must have capacitive current switching ratings on the equip-ment schedules and contract drawings used for the project. Manufacturer’s standard medium voltage breakers meeting ANSI C37.xx are not all rated for switching capacitive loads. Special breakers are usually available from vendors to comply with the ANSI C37.012 (Application Guide for Capacitor Current Switching) and other applicable ANSI standards. The use of capacitive current rated breakers can affect the medium voltage switchgear layout, thus early identification of these capacitive loads are critical to the design process.

For example, the standard 15 kV Eaton 150 VCP-W 500, 1200A vacuum breaker does not have a capacitive current switching rating; however, the 15 kV Eaton 150 VCP-W 25C, 1200A vacuum breaker does have the following general purpose ratings:

■

25A rms cable charging current switching

■

Isolated shunt capacitor bank switching current ratings of 25A to 600A

■

Definite purpose back-to-back capacitor switch ratings required when two banks of capacitors are independently switched from the 15 kV switchgear bus

The special breakers with these capacitive current ratings do not have UL labels, thus UL assembly ratings are not available.

Contact Eaton for more details on vacuum breaker and fused load interrupter switch products with capacitive switching current ratings at medium voltages.


35.0-4

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Switching Devices

004

Table 35.0-2. Recommended Switching Devices

�

Table 35.0-2. Recommended Switching Devices (Continued)

�

Switching device ratings are based on percentage of capacitor-rated current as indicated (above). The interrupting rating of the switch must be selected to match the system fault current available at the point of capacitor application. Whenever a capacitor bank is purchased with less than the ultimate kVAR capacity of the rack or enclosure, the switch rating should be selected based on the ultimate kVAR capacity—not the initial installed capacity.

Capacitor Rating Amperes

kVAR CapacitorRatedCurrent

SafetySwitchFuse Rating

Molded-Case BreakerTrip Rating

PowerBreakerTrip Rating

240V

2.5 5 7.5

6.0 12.0 18.0

15 20 30

15 20 30

15 20 30

10 15 20

24.1 36.1 48.1

40 60 80

40 70 90

40 50 70

25 30 45

60 72.2108

100 125 200

100 125 175

90 100 150

50 60 75

120144180

200 250 300

200 225 275

175 200 250

90100120

217240289

400 400 500

350 400 500

300 350 400

125135150

301325361

500 600 600

500 500 600

450 500 500

180200225

433480541

800 800 900

700 800 900

600 700 800

240250270

578602650

100010001200

900 9001000

800 9001000

300360375

720866903

120016001500

———

120012001200

480V

2 5 7.5

2.41 6.01 9.0

15 15 15

15 15 15

15 15 15

10 15 20

12.0 18.0 24.0

20 30 40

20 30 40

20 30 40

25 30 35

30.0 36.1 42

50 60 70

50 70 70

50 50 60

40 45 50

48.1 54 60.1

80 90 100

100 100 100

70 80 90

60 75 80

72.2 90.2 96.2

125 150 175

125 150 150

100 125 150

90100120

108120144

200 200 250

175 200 225

150 175 200

125150160

150180192

250 300 350

225 300 300

200 250 300

180200225

216241271

400 400 500

350 400 500

300 350 400

240250300

289301361

500 500 600

500 500 600

400 400 500

320360375

385433451

700 800 800

600 700 700

600 600 600

400450

481541

800 900

800 900

800 800

Capacitor Rating Amperes

kVAR CapacitorRatedCurrent

SafetySwitchFuse Rating

Molded-Case BreakerTrip Rating

PowerBreakerTrip Rating

600V

5 7.5 10

4.8 7.2 9.6

15 15 20

15 15 15

15 15 15

15 20 25

14.4 19.2 24.1

25 35 40

30 30 40

20 30 40

30 35 40

28.9 33.6 38.5

50 60 70

50 50 70

40 50 70

45 50 60

43.3 48.1 57.8

80 80100

70100100

70 70 90

75 80100

72.2 77.0 96.2

125150175

125125150

100125150

120125150

115120144

200200250

175200225

175175200

160180200

154173192

300300350

250300300

225250300

225240250

217231241

400400400

350350400

300350350

300320360

289306347

500600600

500500600

400500500

375400450

361385433

600700800

600600700

500600600




35.0-5

September 2011


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Capacitor Installation

005

Installing Capacitors in aPlant Distribution System

At the Load

Because capacitors act as kVAR generators, the most efficient place to install them is directly at the motor, where kVAR is consumed. Three options or other low power factor load exist for installing capacitors at the motor. Use

Figures 35.0-1

–

35.0-7

, and the information below to determine which option is best for each motor.

Location A—Motor Side of Overload Relay

■

New motor installations in which overloads can be sized in accor-dance with reduced current draw

■

Existing motors when no overload change is required

Location B—Line Side of Overload Relay

■

Existing motors when overload rating surpasses code (see Appendix for NEC code requirements)

Location C—Line Side of Starter

■

Motors that are jogged, plugged, reversed

■

Multi-speed motors

■

Starters with open transition and starters that disconnect/reconnect capacitor during cycle

■

Motors that start frequently

■

Motor loads with high inertia, where disconnecting the motor with the capacitor can turn the motor into a self-excited generator

At the Service Feeder

When correcting entire plant loads, capacitor banks can be installed at the service entrance, if load conditions and transformer size permits. If the amount of correction is too large, some capacitors can be installed at individual motors or branch circuits.

When capacitors are connected to the bus, feeder, motor control center or switchboard, a disconnect and over-current protection must be provided.

Figure 35.0-2. Installing Capacitors Online

�

Refer to

Pages 35.0-3

and

35.0-14

for switching device considerations and conductor sizing.

Locating Capacitors on Motor Circuits

Figure 35.0-1. Locating Capacitors on Motor Circuits

Main Busor Feeder

Fused Switch or Circuit Breaker �

CapacitorBank

Motor

MotorFeed

MotorStarter

Fused SafetySwitch or Breaker

Install atLocation:

CapacitorC

CapacitorB

CapacitorA

Thermal OverloadB AC


35.0-6

For more information, visit: www.eaton.com/consultants CA08104001E

September 2011


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Application ConsiderationsLocating Capacitors

006

Locating Capacitors on Reduced Voltage and Multi-Speed Motors

Figure 35.0-3. Autotransformer—Closed TransitionNote: Connect capacitor on motor side of starting contacts (2, 3, 4) at points A–B–C.

Figure 35.0-4. Series Resistance StartingNote: Connect capacitor on motor side of starting contactor (1, 2, 3) at points A–B–C.

Figure 35.0-5. Part-Winding StartingNote: Connect capacitor on motor side of starting contacts (1, 2, 3) at points A–B–C.

Figure 35.0-6. Wye-Delta StartingNote: Connect capacitor on motor side of starting contacts (1, 2, 3) at points A–B–C.

Figure 35.0-7. Reactor StartingNote: Connect capacitor on motor side of starting contactor (1, 2, 3) at points A–B–C.

MotorStator

5

4

3

2

1

C

B

A

6

7Line

Start: Close 6-7-2-3-4Transfer: Open 6-7Run: Close 1-5

MotorStator

1

2

3 A

B

6 9

5 8

4 7

Line

Start: Close 1-2-3Second Step: Open 4-5-6Third Step: Close 7-8-9

C

MotorStatorStart: Close 1-2-3

Run: Close 4-5-6

A

B

C2

1

3Line

6

5

4

1

2

Line

Wye Start: Close 1-2-3-7-8Delta Run: Close 1-2-3-4-5-6

4

B 5

A

7

8

63

C

MotorStator

MotorStator

A

Line

3

B2

C1

6

5

4

Start: Close 1-2-3Run: Close 4-5-6


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35.0-7September 2011


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Application ConsiderationsHarmonic Considerations

007

Harmonic ConsiderationsA discussion of power system harmonics is incomplete without discussing the effects of power factor correction capacitors. In an industrial plant containing power factor correction capacitors, harmonic currents and voltages can be magnified considerably due to the interaction of the capacitors with the service transformer. This is referred to as harmonic resonance or parallel resonance. For a typical plant containing power factor correction capacitors, the resonant frequency (frequency at which amplification occurs) normally falls in the vicinity of the 5th to the 13th harmonic. Because nonlinear loads typically inject currents at the 5th, 7th, 11th and 13th harmonics, a resonant or near-resonant condition will often result if drives and capacitors are installed on the same system, producing the symptoms and problems with blown fuses, damaged capacitors or failures in other portions of the electrical distribution system.

Note: Capacitors themselves do not cause harmonics, but only aggravate potential harmonic problems. Often, harmonic-related problems do not “show up” until capacitors are applied for power factor correction.

It is a common misconception that the problem of applying capacitors in harmonic environments is limited to problems caused for the capacitor itself—that the capacitor’s lower impedance at higher frequencies causes a current overload into the capacitor and, therefore, must be removed. However, the capacitor/harmonics problem must be viewed from a power system standpoint. The capacitor-induced increase of harmonic voltages and currents on a plant’s system may be causing problems while the capacitor itself remains within its acceptable current rating.

Capacitor Banks and Transformers Can Cause ResonanceCapacitors and transformers can create dangerous resonance conditions when capacitor banks are installed at the service entrance. Under these conditions, harmonics produced by nonlinear devices can be amplified many fold.

Problematic amplification of harmonics becomes more likely as more kVAR is added to a system which contains a significant amount of nonlinear load.

An estimate of the resonant harmonic frequency is found by using the following formula:

If h is near the values of the major harmonics generated by a nonlinear device—i.e., 3, 5, 7, 11—then the resonance circuit will greatly increase harmonic distortion.

For example, if a plant has a 1500 kVA transformer with a 5-1/2% impedance and the short-circuit rating of the utility is 48,000 kVA, then kVAsys would equal 17,391 kVA.

If 350 kVAR of capacitors were used to improve power factor, h would be:

Because h falls right on the 7th harmonic, these capacitors could create a harmful resonance condition if nonlinear devices were present in the factory. In this case the capacitors should be applied only as harmonic filtering assemblies.

Diagnosing a Potential Harmonics Related ProblemNegative symptoms of harmonics on plant equipment include blown fuses on capacitors, reduced motor life, false or spurious operations of fuses or circuit breakers, decreased life or increased noise in transformers or mis-operation of electronic or microprocessor controls. If one or more of these symptoms occurs with regularity, then the following steps should be taken.

1. If the plant contains power factor correction capacitors, the current into the capacitors should be measured using a ‘true rms’ current meter. If this value is higher than the capacitor’s rated current at the system voltage (by >5% or so), the presence of harmonic voltage distortion is likely.

2. Conduct a paper audit of the plant’s harmonic-producing loads and system configuration. This analysis starts with the gathering of kVA or horsepower data on all the major nonlinear devices in the plant, all capacitors, and rating information on service entrance transformer(s). This data is analyzed to determine whether the conditions are present to create unfavorable levels of harmonics.

3. If the electrical distribution system is complex—e.g., multiple service entrances, distributed capacitors—or if the paper audit is incomplete or considered to be too burdensome, the most definitive way to determine whether harmonics are causing a problem is through an on-site plant audit. This audit involves an inspection of the electrical system layout and connected loads, as well as harmonic measurements taken at strategic locations. This data can then be assembled and analyzed to obtain a clear and concise understanding of the power system.

hkVAsys

kVAR------------------=

kVAsys Short-Circuit Capacity of the System=

h The Harmonic Number referred to a 60 Hz Base=kVAR Amount of Capacitor kVAR on the Line=

h 17,391350

------------------ 49.7 7.0= = =


35.0-8


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Application ConsiderationsHarmonic Considerations

008

Eliminating HarmonicProblemsWhen power factor correction is required in the presence of nonlinear loads, or the amount of harmonic distortion must be reduced to solve power quality problems or avoid penalties, the most reliable, lowest cost solution is often realized with the use of harmonic filters.

Passive and Switched Harmonic FiltersA shunt harmonic filter (seeFigure 35.0-8) is, essentially, a power factor correction capacitor combined with a series iron core reactor. A filter provides power factor correction at the fundamental frequency and becomes an inductance (like a motor) at frequencies higher than its “tuning point.” Most harmonic filters are tuned below the 5th harmonic. Therefore, the filter provides an inductive impedance path to those currents at harmonic frequencies created by nearly all three-phase non-linear loads (5th, 7th, 11th, 13th, etc.). Because the filter is not capacitive at these frequencies, the plant electrical system can no longer resonate at these frequencies and can not magnify the harmonic voltages and currents.

A shunt harmonic filter therefore accomplishes three things:

1. Provides power factor correction.

2. Prevents harmonic overvoltages due to resonance.

3. Reduces voltage harmonic distortion and transformer harmonic loading at frequencies above its tuning point.

In some circumstances, a harmonic resonance condition may accrue gradually over time as capacitors and nonlinear loads are installed in a plant. The replacement of such capacitors with harmonic filters in order to correct a problem may be prohibitively expensive. Custom-designed harmonic filters which are able to eliminate problems associated with resonance at any particular frequency while providing an extremely low amount of power factor correction capacitance. These low kVAR filters are therefore able to provide the same amount of filtering capacity as a much larger conventional filter, but at a lower cost.

Solutions for Systems with High HarmonicsIf the plant loads vary, then a switched capacitor/filter bank is recommended. For systems with widely varying loads where harmonic cancellation is the primary goal, a Harmonic Correction Unit (HCU) is recommended.

Figure 35.0-8. Shunt Harmonic Filter

PhaseABC

Reactor

CapacitorBank





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Application ConsiderationsMotor Power Factor Correction

009

Motor Power Factor CorrectionTables 35.0-3 and 35.0-4 contain suggested maximum capacitor ratings for induction motors switched with the capacitor. The data is general in nature and representative of general purpose induction motors of standard design. The preferable means to select capacitor ratings is based on the “maximum recommended kVAR” information available from the motor manufacturer. If this is not possible or feasible, the tables can be used.

An important point to remember is that if the capacitor used with the motor is too large, self-excitation may cause a motor-damaging overvoltage when the motor and capacitor combi-nation is disconnected from the line. In addition, high transient torques capable of damaging the motor shaft or coupling can occur if the motor is reconnected to the line while rotating and still generating a voltage of self-excitation.

DefinitionskVAR—rating of the capacitor in reactive kilovolt-amperes. This value is approximately equal to the motor no-load magnetizing kilovars.

% AR—percent reduction in line current due to the capacitor. A capacitor located on the motor side of the over-load relay reduces line current through the relay. Therefore, a different over-load relay and/or setting may be necessary. The reduction in line current may be determined by measuring line current with and without the capacitor or by calculation as follows:

If a capacitor is used with a lower kVAR rating than listed in tables, the % AR can be calculated as follows:

The tables can also be used for other motor ratings as follows:

A. For standard 60 Hz motors operating at 50 Hz:

kVAR = 1.7–1.4 of kVAR listed% AR= 1.8–1.35 of % AR listed

B. For standard 50 Hz motors operating at 50 Hz:

kVAR = 1.4–1.1 of kVAR listed% AR= 1.4–1.05 of % AR listed

C. For standard 60 Hz wound-rotor motors:

kVAR = 1.1 of kVAR listed% AR= 1.05 of % AR listed

Note: For A, B, C, the larger multipliers apply for motors of higher speeds; i.e., 3600 rpm = 1.7 mult., 1800 rpm = 1.65 mult., etc.

To derate a capacitor used on a system voltage lower than the capacitor voltage rating, such as a 240V capacitor used on a 208V system, use the following formula:

For the kVAC required to correct the power factor from a given value of COS φ1 to COS φ2, the formula is:

kVAC = kW (tan phase1–tan phase2)

Capacitors cause a voltage rise. At light load periods the capacitive voltage rise can raise the voltage at the location of the capacitors to an unacceptable level. This voltage rise can be calculated approximately by the formula

MVAR is the capacitor rating and MVASC is the system short-circuit capacity.

With the introduction of variable speed drives and other harmonic current generating loads, the capacitor impedance value determined must not be resonant with the inductive reactances of the system. This matter is discussed further under the heading “Harmonics and Nonlinear Loads.”

% AR 100 100 (Original PF)(Improved PF)−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−×–=

% AR Listed % AR Actual kVARkVAR in Table−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−×=

Actual kVAR =

Nameplate kVAR Applied Voltage( )2

Nameplate Voltage( )2-------------------------------------------------------×

% VRMVAr

MVASC−−−−−−−−−−−−=


35.0-10


September 2011


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Application ConsiderationsMotor Power Factor Correction

010

Useful Capacitor FormulasNomenclature: C = Capacitance in µF

V = VoltageA = CurrentK = 1000

A. Additional Data

1. Simplified Voltage Rise:

2. Losses Reduction:

3. Operation at other than rated voltage and frequencyNote: Use of voltages and frequencies above the rated values can be dangerous. Consult the factory for any unusual operating conditions.

a. Reduced Voltage:

b. Reduced Frequency:

c. Examples:

(a) Voltage Reduction:

(b) Frequency Reduction:

B. Miscellaneous

% L.R. kVAR (Cap.) % Transformer Reactance×kVA(Transformer)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------=

% L.R. 100 – 100 Original PFImproved PF-----------------------------------

2=

Actual kVAR (Output) Rated kVAR Actual VoltageRated Voltage-----------------------------------------

2=

Actual kVAR Rated kVAR Actual Freq.Rated Freq.---------------------------------

2=

kVAR (208) kVAR (240) 208240----------

20.75= =

(10 kVAR @ 240V 7.5 kVAR @ 208V)=

kVAR (120) kVAR (240) 120240----------

20.25= =

(10 kVAR @ 240V 2.5 kVAR @ 120V)=

kVAR (50 Hz) kVAR (60 Hz) 5060------

0.83= =

(60 kVAR @ 480V 60 Hz 50 kVAR, 480V, 50 Hz)=

Single-Phase

Three-Phase

2. kW =

3. kVA =

4. Line Current Amperes =

1. Power Factor Cos θ kWkVA-----------= =

Tan θ kWkVA-----------=

V A PF××103

--------------------------- 3 V× A× PF×103

-----------------------------------------

V A×103

-------------- 3 V× A×103

----------------------------

kVA 103×V

--------------------------- kVA 103×3 V×

---------------------------

5. Capacitor Current (Amperes) 2πf( )CV 10–6×=

also: kVAR 103×V

------------------------------- kVAR 103×3 V×

-------------------------------

6. kVA kWPF--------

(kW Motor Input)=

7. kW (Motor Input) hp 0.746×efficiency----------------------------=

8. Approx. Motor kVA Motor hp (at full load)=





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Application ConsiderationsApplication Considerations—Motors

011

Table 35.0-3. Suggested Maximum Capacitor Ratings

� For use with three-phase, 60 Hz NEMA Classification B motors to raise full load power factor to approximately 95%.

InductionMotor hp Rating

Number of Poles and Nominal Motor Speed in RPM

2—3600 RPM 4—1800 RPM 6—1200 RPM 8—900 RPM 10—720 RPM 12—600 RPM

CapacitorkVAR

CurrentReduction %

CapacitorkVAR

CurrentReduction %

CapacitorkVAR

CurrentReduction %

CapacitorkVAR

CurrentReduction %

CapacitorkVAR

CurrentReduction %

CapacitorkVAR

CurrentReduction %

Used for High Efficiency Motors and Older Design (Pre “T-Frame”) Motors �

3 5 7.5

1.5 2 2.5

141211

1.5 2 2.5

151312

1.5 2 3

201715

2 3 4

272522

2.5 4 5

353230

3 4 6

413734

10 15 20

3 4 5

10 9 9

3 4 5

111010

3 5 6

141312

5 6 7.5

211816

6 8 9

272321

7.5 9 12.5

312725

25 30 40

6 7 9

9 8 8

6 7 9

10 9 9

7.5 910

111110

9 10 12.5

151413

10 12.5 15

201816

15 17.5 20

232220

50 60 75

12.51517.5

8 8 8

101517.5

9 8 8

12.51517.5

101010

15 17.5 20

121110

20 22.5 25

151514

25 27.5 35

191918

100125150

22.527.530

8 8 8

202530

8 8 8

253035

9 9 9

27.5 30 37.5

101010

35 40 50

131312

40 50 50

171615

200250300

405060

8 8 8

37.54550

8 7 7

405060

9 8 8

50 60 60

10 9 9

60 70 80

121111

60 75 90

141312

350400450500

60757575

8 8 8 8

60607575

7 6 6 6

75758085

8 8 8 8

75 85 90100

9 9 9 9

90 95100100

1010 9 9

95100110120

11111110

T-Frame NEMA® “Design B” Motors �

2 3 5

1 1.5 2

141414

1 1.5 2.5

242322

1.5 2 3

302826

2 3 4

423831

2 3 4

404040

3 4 5

504949

7.5 10 15

2.5 4 5

141412

3 4 5

201818

4 5 6

212120

5 6 7.5

282724

5 7.5 8

383632

6 8 10

453834

20 25 30

6 7.5 8

121211

6 7.5 8

171716

7.5 8 10

191919

9 10 15

232322

10 12.5 15

292524

12.5 17.5 20

303030

40 50 60

12.5 15 17.5

121212

15 17.5 20

161515

15 20 22.5

191917

17.5 22.5 25

212120

20 22.5 30

242422

25 30 35

303028

75100125

20 22.5 25

121110

25 30 35

141412

25 30 35

151212

30 35 40

171614

35 40 45

211515

40 45 50

191717

150200250

30 35 40

101011

40 50 60

121110

40 50 60

121110

50 70 80

141413

50 70 90

131313

60 90100

171717

300350400

45 50 75

111210

70 75 80

10 8 8

75 90100

121212

100120130

141313

100120140

131313

120135150

171515

450500

80100

8 8

90120

8 9

120150

1012

140160

1212

160180

1413

160180

1515


35.0-12


September 2011


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Application ConsiderationsApplication Considerations—Motors

012

Table 35.0-4. Suggested Capacitor Ratings, in kVARs, for NEMA Design C, D and Wound-Rotor Motors

Note: Applies to three-phase, 60 Hz motors when switched with capacitors as single unit.Note: Use motor manufacturer’s recommended kVAR as published in the performance data sheets for specific motor types:drip-proof, TEFC, severe duty, high efficiency and NEMA design.

Table 35.0-5. 2400 Volts and 4160 Volt Motors NEMA Design B

Table 35.0-6. NEMA Design B and C 2300 and 4000V Motors (after 1956)

Induction Motor Rating (hp)

Design C Motor Design D Motor1200 r/Minimum

Wound-RotorMotor1800 and 1200 r/Minimum 900 r/Minimum

15 20 25

5 5 6

5 6 6

5 6 6

5.5 7 7

30 40 50

7.51012

91215

101215

111317.5

60 75100

17.51927

1822.527

1822.530

202533

125150200

3537.545

37.54560

37.54560

405065

250300

5465

7090

7075

7585

Nominal Motor Speed in RPM and Number of Poles

InductionMotorRating (hp)

3600 RPM 2 1800 RPM 4 1200RPM 6 900 RPM 8 720 RPM 10 600 RPM 12

kVAR CurrentReduction %






100 120 150 200

25 25 25 50

8777

25 25 25 50

10 9 8 8

25 25 25 50

1110 9 9

25 25 25 50

1110 9 9

25 25 25 50

12111110

25 50 50 75

16151414

250 300 350 400

50 50 50 75

7766

50 50 50 75

7 7 6 6

50 75 75 75

8 8 8 7

75 75 75100

9 9 9 9

75 75 75100

10 9 9 9

75100100100

14131211

450 500 600 700

75 75 75100

6555

75 75100100

6 6 6 6

75100100125

6 6 6 6

100125125150

9 9 8 8

100125150150

9 9 9 8

125125150150

10 9 9 8

800 90010001250

100125150200

5555

150150200200

6 6 6 6

150200250250

6 6 5 5

150200250300

7 7 6 6

200250250300

8 8 7 6

200250250300

8 8 7 6

Nominal Motor Speed in RPM and Number of Poles

InductionMotorRating (hp)

3600 RPM 2 1800 RPM 4 1200 RPM 6 900 RPM 8 720 RPM 10 600 RPM 12







NEMA Design B 2300 and 4000V Motors (after 1956) 100 120 150 200 250

25 25 25 25 30

77777

25 25 25 25 30

10 9 8 6 5

25 25 25 50 50

1110 8 8 8

25 25 25 50 50

1110 9 9 9

25 25 50 50 75

1211111010

25 50 50 75100

1715151414

300 350 400 450 500

50 50 50 75 75

76555

50 50 50 50 75

5 5 5 5 5

75 75 75 75100

8 8 6 6 6

75 75100100125

9 9 9 8 8

75 75100100125

9 9 9 8 8

100100100100125

121110 8 8

600 700 800 90010001250

75100100125150200

555555

100100125150200200

5 5 5 5 5 5

100100125200250250

5 5 5 5 5 5

125125150200250300

7 7 7 6 6 6

125150150250250300

8 8 8 7 7 6

125150150250250300

8 8 8 7 7 6

NEMA Design C 2300 and 4000V Motors (after 1956) 100 125 150 200 250

—————

—————

2525255050

1111 9 9 8

25 25 25 50 50

1111 9 9 9

25 25 50 50 50

1111 9 9 9

25 25———

1111———

—————

—————

300 350

——

——

5050

6 6

75 75

9 8

75 75

9 9

——

——

——

——





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Application ConsiderationsApplication Considerations—System kVAR Selection

013

Table 35.0-7. Multipliers to Determine Capacitor Kilovars Required for Power Factor Correction

Note: To obtain required capacitor kVAR:1. Get PF correction factor from Table 35.0-7 above.2. Required capacitor kVAR = kW load x factor.

How Much kVAR Do I Need?The unit for rating power factor capacitors is kVAR, equal to 1000 volt-amperes of reactive power. The kVAR rating signifies how much reac-tive power the capacitor will provide.

Instructions:

1. Find the present power factor in column 1.

2. Read across to optimum power factor column.

3. Multiply that number by kW demand.

Example:

If your plant consumed 410 kW, was currently operating at 73% power factor and you wanted to correct power factor to 95%, you would:

1. Find 0.73 in column 1.

2. Read across to 0.95 column.

3. Multiply 0.607 by 410 = 249 (round to 250).

4. You need 250 kVAR to bring your plant to 95% power factor.

If you don’t know the existing power factor level of your plant, you will have to calculate it before using the table above. To calculate existing power factor: kW divided by kVA = Power Factor.

OriginalPowerFactor

Corrected Power Factor

0.80 0.81 0.82 0.83 0.84 0.85 0.86 0.87 0.88 0.89 0.90 0.91 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.95 0.96 0.97 0.98 0.99 1.0

0.500.510.520.530.54

0.9820.9370.8930.8500.809

1.0080.9620.9190.8760.835

1.0340.9890.9450.9020.861

1.0601.0150.9710.9280.887

1.0861.0410.9970.9540.913

1.1121.0671.0230.9800.939

1.1391.0941.0501.0070.966

1.1651.1201.0761.0330.992

1.1921.1471.1031.0601.019

1.2201.1751.1311.0881.047

1.2481.2031.1591.1161.075

1.2761.2311.1871.1441.103

1.3061.2611.2171.1741.133

1.3371.2921.2481.2051.164

1.3691.3241.2801.2371.196

1.4031.3581.3141.2711.230

1.4401.3951.3511.3081.267

1.4811.4361.3921.3491.308

1.5291.4841.4401.3971.356

1.5891.5441.5001.4571.416

1.7321.6871.6431.6001.559

0.550.560.570.580.59

0.7690.7300.6920.6550.619

0.7950.7560.7180.6810.645

0.8210.7820.7440.7070.671

0.8470.8080.7700.7330.697

0.8730.8340.7960.7590.723

0.8990.8600.8220.7850.749

0.9260.8870.8490.8120.776

0.9520.9130.8750.8380.802

0.9790.9400.9020.8650.829

1.0070.9680.9300.8930.857

1.0350.9960.9580.9210.885

1.0631.0240.9860.9490.913

1.0931.0541.0160.9790.943

1.1241.0851.0471.0100.974

1.1561.1171.0791.0421.006

1.1901.1511.1131.0761.040

1.2271.1881.1501.1131.077

1.2681.2291.1911.1541.118

1.3161.2771.2391.2021.166

1.3761.3371.2991.2621.226

1.5191.4801.4421.4051.369

0.600.610.620.630.64

0.5830.5490.5160.4830.451

0.6090.5750.5420.5090.474

0.6350.6010.5680.5350.503

0.6610.6270.5940.5610.529

0.6870.6530.6200.5870.555

0.7130.6790.6460.6130.581

0.7400.7060.6730.6400.608

0.7660.7320.6990.6660.634

0.7930.7590.7260.6930.661

0.8210.7870.7540.7210.689

0.8490.8150.7820.7490.717

0.8770.8430.8100.7770.745

0.9070.8730.8400.8070.775

0.9380.9040.8710.8380.806

0.9700.9360.9030.8700.838

1.0040.9700.9370.9040.872

1.0411.0070.9740.9410.909

1.0821.0481.0150.9820.950

1.1301.0961.0631.0300.998

1.1901.1561.1231.0901.068

1.3331.2991.2661.2331.201

0.650.660.670.680.69

0.4190.3880.3580.3280.299

0.4450.4140.3840.3540.325

0.4710.4400.4100.3800.351

0.4970.4660.4360.4060.377

0.5230.4920.4620.4320.403

0.5490.5180.4880.4580.429

0.5760.5450.5150.4850.456

0.6020.5710.5410.5110.482

0.6290.5980.5680.5380.509

0.6570.6260.5960.5660.537

0.6850.6540.6240.5940.565

0.7130.6820.6520.6220.593

0.7430.7120.6820.6520.623

0.7740.7430.7130.6830.654

0.8060.7750.7450.7150.686

0.8400.8090.7790.7490.720

0.8770.8460.8160.7860.757

0.9180.8870.8570.8270.798

0.9660.9350.9050.8750.846

1.0260.9950.9650.9350.906

1.1691.1381.1081.0781.049

0.700.710.720.730.74

0.2700.2420.2140.1860.159

0.2960.2680.2400.2120.185

0.3220.2940.2660.2380.211

0.3480.3200.2920.2640.237

0.3740.3460.3180.2900.263

0.4000.3720.3440.3160.289

0.4270.3990.3710.3430.316

0.4530.4250.3970.3690.342

0.4800.4520.4240.3960.369

0.5080.4800.4520.4240.397

0.5360.5080.4800.4520.425

0.5640.5360.5080.4800.453

0.5940.5660.5380.5100.483

0.6250.5970.5690.5410.514

0.6570.6290.6010.5730.546

0.6910.6630.6350.6070.580

0.7280.7000.6720.6440.617

0.7690.7410.7130.6850.658

0.8170.7890.7610.7330.706

0.8770.8490.8210.7930.766

1.0200.9920.9640.9360.909

0.750.760.770.780.79

0.1320.1050.0790.0520.026

0.1580.1310.1050.0780.052

0.1840.1570.1310.1040.078

0.2100.1830.1570.1300.104

0.2360.2090.1830.1560.130

0.2620.2350.2090.1820.156

0.2890.2620.2360.2090.183

0.3150.2880.2620.2350.209

0.3420.3150.2890.2620.236

0.3700.3430.3170.2900.264

0.3980.3710.3450.3180.292

0.4260.3990.3730.3460.320

0.4560.4290.4030.3760.350

0.4870.4600.4340.4070.381

0.5190.4920.4660.4390.413

0.5530.5260.5000.4730.447

0.5900.5630.5370.5100.484

0.6310.6040.5780.5510.525

0.6790.6520.6260.5990.573

0.7390.7120.6850.6590.633

0.8820.8550.8290.8020.776

0.800.810.820.830.84

0.000 0.0260.000

0.0520.0260.000

0.0780.0520.0260.000

0.1040.0780.0520.0260.000

0.1300.1040.0780.0520.026

0.1570.1310.1050.0790.053

0.1830.1570.1310.1050.079

0.2100.1840.1580.1320.106

0.2380.2120.1860.1600.134

0.2660.2400.2140.1880.162

0.2940.2680.2420.2160.190

0.3240.2980.2720.2460.220

0.3550.3290.3030.2770.251

0.3870.3610.3350.3090.283

0.4210.3950.3690.3430.317

0.4580.4320.4060.3800.354

0.4990.4730.4470.4210.395

0.5470.5210.4950.4690.443

0.6090.5810.5550.5290.503

0.7500.7240.6980.6720.646

0.850.860.870.880.89

0.000 0.0270.000

0.0530.0260.000

0.0800.0530.0270.000

0.1080.0810.0550.0280.000

0.1360.1090.0830.0560.028

0.1640.1370.1110.0840.056

0.1940.1670.1410.1140.086

0.2250.1980.1720.1450.117

0.2570.2300.2040.1770.149

0.2910.2640.2380.2110.183

0.3280.3010.2750.2480.220

0.3690.3420.3160.2890.261

0.4170.3900.3640.3370.309

0.4770.4500.4240.3970.369

0.6200.5930.5670.5400.512

0.900.910.920.930.94

0.000 0.0280.000

0.0580.0300.000

0.0890.0610.0310.000

0.1210.0930.0630.0320.000

0.1550.1270.0970.0660.034

0.1920.1640.1340.1030.071

0.2330.2050.1750.1440.112

0.2810.2530.2230.1920.160

0.3410.3130.2830.2520.220

0.4840.4560.4260.3950.363

0.950.960.970.980.99

0.000 0.0370.000

0.0790.0410.000

0.1260.0890.0480.000

0.1860.1490.1080.0600.000

0.3290.2920.2510.2030.143


35.0-14


September 2011


Sheet 35

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Application ConsiderationsApplication Considerations—Capacitors

014

Table 35.0-8. Recommended Feeder Wire Sizes, Switches and Fuses for Three-Phase, 60 Hz Capacitors

� 90°C Copper Type THHN, XHHW or equivalent, applied at 75°C ampacity. Rate current based on operation at rated voltage, frequency and kVAR. Consult National Electrical Code for other wire types. Above size based on 30°C Ambient Operation. (Refer to NEC Table 310.16.)

Note: Fuses furnished within Capacitor Assembly may be rated at higher value than shown in this table. The table is correct for field installations and reflects the manufacturer’s suggested rating for overcurrent protection and disconnect means in compliance with the National Electrical Code. Fuses used internally in capacitor banks are not sized by this chart.

kVAR 240V 480V 600V

Current(Amps)

WireSize �

Fuse(Amps)

Switch(Amps)

Current(Amps)

WireSize �

Fuse(Amps)

Switch(Amps)

Current(Amps)

WireSize �

Fuse(Amps)

Switch(Amps)

0.5 1 1.5

1.2 2.4 3.6

141414

3 6 6

30 30 30

— 1.2 1.8

—1414

— 3 3

— 30 30

— 1.0 1.4

—1414

— 3 3

— 30 30

2 2.5 3

4.8 6.0 7.2

141414

10 10 15

30 30 30

2.4 3.0 3.6

141414

6 6 6

30 30 30

1.9 2.4 2.9

141414

6 6 6

30 30 30

4 5 6

9.6 12 14

141414

20 20 25

30 30 30

4.8 6.0 7.2

141414

10 10 15

30 30 30

3.8 4.8 5.8

141414

10 10 10

30 30 30

7.5 8 10

18 19 24

121010

30 35 40

30 60 60

9.0 9.6 12

141414

15 20 20

30 30 30

7.2 7.7 9.6

141414

15 15 20

30 30 30

12.5 15 17.5

30 36 42

886

50 60 80

60 60100

15 18 21

141210

25 30 40

30 30 60

12 14 17

141412

20 25 30

30 30 30

20 22.5 25

48 54 60

644

80100100

100100100

24 27 30

10108

40 50 50

60 60 60

19 22 24

101010

35 40 40

60 60 60

30 35 40

72 84 96

321

125150175

200200200

36 42 48

866

60 80 80

60100100

29 34 38

886

50 60 80

60 60100

45 50 60

108120144

1/02/03/0

200200250

200200400

54 60 72

442

100100125

100100200

43 48 58

664

90100100

100100100

75 80 90

180192216

250M300M350M

300350400

400400400

90 96108

1/01/01/0

150175200

200200200

72 77 86

331

125150150

200200200

100120125

241289300

400M(2)3/0(2)3/0

400500500

400600600

120144150

2/03/03/0

200200250

200200400

96115120

12/02/0

175200200

200200200

150180200

361432481

(2)250M(2)350M(2)400M

600750800

600800800

180216241

250M350M400M

300400400

400400400

144173192

3/0250M300M

250300350

400400400

240250300

———

———

———

———

289300361

(2)3/0(2)4/0(2)250M

500500600

600600600

231241289

400M400M(2)3/0

400400500

400400600

360400

——

——

——

——

432480

(2)350M(2)500M

750800

800800

346384

(2)250M(2)300M

600650

600800





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600 Volts AC and BelowGeneral Description

015

UNIPUMP Power Factor Correction Capacitors

UNIPUMP

General DescriptionNon-fused capacitors for outdoor irrigation and oil field installations.

■ Designed expressly for outdoor pumping applications

■ Pole or wall mounting■ Small, light-weight enclosure

for easy installation■ SO-WA type flexible cable

facilitates installation (4-conductor)■ Gland-type weatherproof bushings■ Strong outer case■ UL and CSA listed

Application DescriptionOutdoor irrigation and oil and gas field pumping.

Features

Configuration■ Outer case: Heavy, No. 14 gauge

steel finished with durable baked-on enamel. Integral strap mounting bracket with keyhole at top for pole or wall installation. No knockouts

Capacitor Cells■ Terminals: Insulated finger-safe

terminals rated for 3 kVAC withstand■ Dielectric fill: Cells use soft organic

polymer resin—Resinol❑ Eliminates potential for corona/

partial discharge/electrochemical oxidation

❑ Excellent heat dissipation❑ Flash point: +444°F (+229°C)❑ Fire point: +840°F (+449°C)

■ Design: Self-healing metallized high crystalline polypropylene with ramp metallization film. Total losses less than 0.45 watt per kVAR. (Dielectric losses less than 0.2 watt per kVAR)

■ Ramp metallization: Provides thicker film at higher current density areas, allowing for reduced internal losses, lower operating temperatures and longer life expectancy. Also prevents chain reaction breakdown by limiting propagation of film vaporization

■ Pressure sensitive interrupter: Built-in UL recognized three-phase pressure-sensitive interrupter and thermally or mechanically activated disconnecting link removes capaci-tor from the supply before danger-ous pressure buildup or excessive fault current. Bulged capacitor cell top provides easy visual indication of interrupter operation

■ Ceramic discharge resistors: Reduce residual voltage to less than 50V within one minute of de-energiza-tion. Selected for 20-year nominal life. Exceeds NEC requirements

■ Capacitor operating temperature: –40° to +115°F (–40° to +46°C)

■ Case: Weatherproof aluminum housing

■ Warranty: The longest in the industry—five full years of warranty on capacitor cells

Product SelectionTable 35.1-1. UNIPUMP Selection Chart kVAR Rated

CurrentCaseSize

CableSize

Shipping Weightin Lbs (kg)

CatalogNumber

240 Vac 2 2.5 3

4.8 6.0 7.2

AAAAAA

14.014.014.0

10.0 (4.7)10.0 (4.7)10.0 (4.7)

223JMR2X23JMR323JMR

4 5 6 7.5

9.612.014.418.0

AAAABBBB

14.014.012.012.0

11.0 (4.8)11.0 (4.8)15.0 (6.6)15.0 (6.6)

423JMR523JMR623JMR7X23JMR

480 Vac 2 2.5 3

2.4 3.0 3.6

AAAAAA

14.014.014.0

10.4 (4.7)10.4 (4.7)10.4 (4.7)

243JMR2X43JMR343JMR

4 5 6

4.8 6.0 7.2

AAAAAA

14.014.014.0

10.4 (4.7)10.4 (4.7)10.6 (4.8)

443JMR543JMR643JMR

7.51012.5

9.012.015.0

AAAABB

14.014.012.0

10.6 (4.8)10.8 (4.9)15.0 (6.8)

7X43JMR1043JMR12X43JMR

1517.52025

18.021.024.030.0

BBBBBBBB

12.0 8.0 8.0 8.0

15.0 (6.8)15.8 (7.2)16.8 (7.7)16.8 (7.7)

1543JMR17X43JMR2043JMR2543JMR

600 Vac 5 6 7.5

4.9 5.9 7.4

AAAAAA

14.014.014.0

10.8 (4.9)10.8 (4.9)10.8 (4.9)

563JMR663JMR7X63JMR

1012.515

9.812.314.7

AABBBB

14.012.012.0

10.8 (4.9)15.0 (6.8)15.8 (7.2)

1063JMR12X63JMR1563JMR

17.520

17.219.6

BBBB

8.0 8.0

16.8 (7.7)16.8 (7.7)

17X63JMR2063JMR


35.1-2


September 2011


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600 Volts AC and BelowDimensions

016

Dimensions

Figure 35.1-1. UNIPUMP—Dimensions in Inches (mm)

Table 35.1-2. UNIPUMP Dimension Chart Case Size

Dimensions in Inches (mm)

A B C D

AABB

11.00 (279.7)14.00 (354.5)

14.20 (360.9)17.10 (435.6)

12.60 (320.0)15.50 (394.7)

13.20 (335.5)16.10 (410.2)





Sheet 35

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017



General Description

Power Factor Correction CapacitorsEaton Power factor correctioncapacitors and harmonic filters are an essential part of modern electric power systems. Power factor correction capacitors are the simplest and most economical means of increasing the capacity of any power system, minimizing energy losses and correcting load power factor. In addition, power factor penalties can be reduced and power quality can be greatly enhanced.

There are several reasons to correct poor power factor. The first is to reduce or eliminate a power factor penalty charged by the utility. Another reason is that your existing trans-former is, or shortly will be, at full capacity and installing power factor correction capacitors can be a very cost-effective solution to installing a brand new service. Depending on the amount of power factor correction (kVAR that needs to be injected into the electrical system to improve the power factor) and the dynamic nature of the load, a fixed or switched capaci-tor bank may be the best solution. When capacity becomes a problem, the choice of a solution will be depen-dent upon the size of the increase needed. Like all power quality solu-tions, there are many factors that need to be considered when determining which solution will be best to solve your power factor problem.

Note: Images contained in this document may be shown with optional components and features not included as part of the base offering.

Harmonic FilteringAs the world becomes more dependent on electric and electronic equipment, the likelihood that the negative impact of harmonic distortion increases dramatically. The efficiency and productivity gains from these increasingly sophisticated pieces of equipment have a negative side effect…increased harmonic distortion in the power lines. The difficult thing about harmonic distortion is determin-ing the cause. Once this has been determined, the solution can be easy. Passive and active harmonic filtering equipment will mitigate specific harmonic issues, and correct poor power factor as well.

Features, Benefits and Functions■ Five-year warranty on capacitor cells■ Designed for heavy-duty applications■ Twenty-year life design■ Indoor/outdoor service■ Wall (up to 180 kVAR) and floor-

mounted units available■ Internally fused through the use of

an overpressure disconnector■ Quick lead times■ Harmonic filters available■ Slim profile allows reduced footprint,

conserving valuable floor space■ New capacitor configuration leads

to cooler operating conditions and extended capacitor life

Configuration■ Outer case: Heavy, No. 14 gauge

steel finished with durable baked-on enamel. Wall-mounting flanges and floor-mounting feet. Elimination of knockouts permits indoor/outdoor use. Manufactured to NEMA requirements 1, 3R and 12

■ Elevated floor-mounting feet allow access for easy maintenance

Note: NEMA 12 from enclosure sizes A1 through C1.

■ Cover: “L” shaped gasketed cover with multiple fasteners provides front opening for ease of installation and service

■ Ground terminal: Furnished inside case

■ Power terminal lugs: Large size provided for easy connection

■ Options:❑ Replaceable fuses and

indicator lights❑ Air filters for enclosure sizes C2

and larger■ Optional Fusing:

❑ Size Code A1: Three midget-type fuses with 100,000 ampere inter-rupting capacity

❑ Size Code A2 and larger: Slotted-blade type fuses with 200,000A interrupting capacity; fuses mounted on stand-off bushings; solderless connectors for easy hookup of incoming line conductors

❑ Fuse indicating lights: Red, neon blown-fuse indicating lights are protected by transparent weather-proof guard

UNIPAK with Optional Air Filter

Standards and Certifications■ UL and CSA listed


35.1-4


September 2011


Sheet 35

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018

UNIPAK

UNIPAK

UNIPAK Interior

UNIPAK with Optional Air Filter

General Description

UNIPAK Filter—Harmonic FilteringHarmonic filter systems for low voltage, heavy-duty applications.

■ Reduce harmonics and correct power factor

■ Tuned for maximum efficiency in reducing harmonic currents associated with nonlinear load environments (such as VFDs)

■ Two-enclosure design isolates capacitors from high-temperature operating reactors, and allows for flexible installation

■ Twenty-year life design■ Five-year cell warranty/one-year

reactor warranty■ Three-phase cell capacitor construc-

tion. Three-phase interrupter system■ UL and CSA listed

Capacitor Cells■ Terminals: Insulated finger-safe

terminals rated for 3 kVAC withstand■ Dielectric fill: Cells use soft organic

polymer resin—Resinol❑ Eliminates potential for corona/

partial discharge/electrochemical oxidation

❑ Excellent heat dissipation❑ Flash point: +444°F (+229°C)❑ Fire point: +840°F (+449°C)

■ Design: Self-healing metallized high crystalline polypropylene with ramp metallization film. Total losses less than 0.45 watt per kVAR (dielectric losses less than 0.2 watt per kVAR)

■ Ramp metallization: Provides thicker film at higher current density areas, allowing for reduced internal losses, lower operating tempera-tures and longer life expectancy. Also prevents chain reaction breakdown by limiting propagation of film vaporization

■ Pressure sensitive interrupter: Built-in UL recognized three-phase pressure-sensitive interrupter and thermally or mechanically activated disconnecting link removes capaci-tor from the supply before danger-ous pressure buildup or excessive fault current. Bulged capacitor cell top provides easy visual indication of interrupter operation

■ Ceramic discharge resistors: Reduce residual voltage to less than 50V within one minute of de-energiza-tion. Selected for 20-year nominal life. Exceeds NEC requirements

■ Capacitor operating temperature: –40° to +115°F (–40° to +46°C)

■ Case: Weatherproof aluminum housing

■ Warranty: The longest in the industry—five full years of warranty on capacitor cells

Harmonic rated capacitor cells■ Standard voltage rated capacitor

cells designed for higher dielectric strength and with added ability to withstand stress caused by dv/dt voltage transients caused by harmonics

■ Better suited for harmonic applica-tions than higher voltage rated cells

UNIPAK with harmonic rated capacitor cells■ Standard capacitor systems using

harmonic rated capacitor cells■ For use in moderate harmonic

environments where engineering supervision allows in place of harmonic filter designs

■ Provides future conversion capability into a harmonic filter design due to facility growth or increased nonlinear load levels

Reactors■ Tuning: Tuned to 4.7 harmonic order■ Detuning: Reactor designs can be

detuned upon request (4.2nd, 6.7th for example) to protect capacitors against alternate harmonics

■ Construction: 100% copper windings for cool operating temperatures; designed operating temperature rise less than 80ºC. Open frame construction with 220ºC insulation system

■ Thermal sensors: One per phase, self-resetting thermistors provide reactor over-temperature protection and indication

■ Reactor indicating light: Thermal overload indicating light activates when reactor temperature reaches 180ºC

■ Warranty: One-year replacement of reactors





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600 Volts AC and BelowTechnical Data

019

UNIPAK Low Voltage Fixed Capacitor Banks Table 35.1-3. 240 Vac UNIPAK Selection Chart

Notes:

■ Multiply the 240 Vac kVAR rating by 0.75 to calculate the kVAR value at 208 Vac

■ Internally fused available standard. Replaceable fuses and indicator lights also available—please consult the factory

■ For dimensional information, refer to Pages 35.1-8 and 35.1-9

Part numbers for Tables 35.1-3 and 35.1-4:

■ PMURN—internally fused

■ PMURF—replaceable fuses and indicator lights

Table 35.1-4. 480 Vac UNIPAK Selection Chart

Notes:



kVAR RatedCurrent

Enclosure Shipping Weightin Lbs (kg)

CatalogNumber

1.0 1.5 2.0

2.4 3.6 4.8

A1A1A1

18 (8) 18 (8) 19 (9)

123PMURN1X23PMURN223PMURN

2.5 3.0 4.0

6.0 7.2 9.6

A1A1A1

19 (9) 19 (9) 20 (9)

2X23PMURN323PMURN423PMURN

5.0 6.0 7.5

12.0 14.4 18.0

A2A2A2

29 (13) 29 (13) 30 (14)

523PMURN623PMURN7X23PMURN

8.0 10.0 12.5

19.2 24.0 30.0

A2A2A2

31 (14) 31 (14) 32 (14)


15.0 17.5 20.0

36.0 42.0 48.0

A2B1B1

33 (15) 44 (20) 45 (20)


22.5 25.0 30.0

54.0 60.0 72.0

B1B1B1

46 (21) 46 (21) 47 (21)


32.5 35.0 37.5

78.0 84.0 90.0

B1B1C1

47 (22) 48 (22) 60 (27)

32X23PMURN3523PMURN37X23PMURN

40.0 42.5 45.0

96.0102.0108.0

C1C1C1

64 (29) 65 (30) 66 (30)


50.0 60.0 70.0

120.0144.0168.0

C1C1C2

68 (31) 69 (31) 99 (45)

5023PMURN6023PMURN7023PMURN

75.0 80.0 90.0

180.0192.0216.0

C2C2C2

100 (46)101 (46)103 (47)


100.0120.0140.0

240.0288.0336.0

C2D1D1

104 (47)133 (60)137 (62)


150.0160.0180.0200.0

360.0384.0432.0480.0

D1E1E1E1

140 (64)175 (80)182 (83)189 (86)

15023PMURN16023PMURN18023PMURN20023PMURN

kVAR RatedCurrent

Enclosure Shipping Weightin Lbs (kg)

CatalogNumber

1.5 2.0 2.5

1.8 2.4 3.0

A1A1A1

17 (8) 18 (8) 18 (8)


3.0 4.0 5.0

3.6 4.8 6.0

A1A1A1

19 (9) 19 (9) 19 (9)


6.0 7.5 8.0

7.2 9.0 9.6

A1A1A1

19 (9) 20 (9) 20 (9)


9.0 10.0 12.5

10.8 12.0 15.0

A1A1A2

20 (9) 20 (9) 29 (13)


15.0 17.5 20.0

18.0 21.0 24.0

A2A2A2

29 (13) 30 (14) 31 (14)


22.5 25.0 27.5

27.0 30.0 33.0

B1A2B1

44 (20) 32 (15) 44 (20)


30.0 32.5 35.0

36.0 39.0 42.0

B1B1B1

44 (20) 45 (20) 45 (20)


37.5 40.0 42.5

45.0 48.0 51.0

B1B1B1

46 (21) 46 (21) 47 (21)


45.0 50.0 55.0

54.0 60.0 66.0

B1B1B1

47 (22) 48 (22) 48 (22)


60.0 65.0 70.0

72.0 78.0 84.0

B1C1C1

48 (22) 64 (29) 65 (30)


75.0 80.0 85.0

90.0 96.0102.0

C1C1C1

65 (30) 66 (30) 68 (31)


90.0100.0120.0

108.0120.0144.0

C1C1C1

68 (31) 69 (31) 69 (31)


125.0140.0150.0

150.0168.0180.0

C2C2C2

99 (45)100 (46)101 (46)


160.0180.0200.0

192.0216.0240.0

C2C2D1

103 (47)104 (47)137 (62)


225.0250.0300.0

270.0300.0360.0

D1E1E1

140 (64)170 (77)175 (80)


350.0400.0

420.0480.0

E1E1

182 (83)189 (86)

35043PMURN40043PMURN


35.1-6


September 2011


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020

UNIPAK Low Voltage Fixed Capacitor BanksTable 35.1-5. 600 Vac UNIPAK Selection Chart

Notes:



Part numbers

■ PMURN—internally fused

■ PMURF—replaceable fuses and indicator lights

UNIPAK—With Harmonic CellsTable 35.1-6. Low Voltage Fixed Capacitor Systems with Harmonic Cells

kVAR RatedCurrent

Enclosure Shipping Weight in Lbs (kg)

CatalogNumber

5.0 7.5 10.0

4.9 7.4 9.8

A1A1A1

19 (9) 19 (9) 20 (9)


12.5 15.0 17.5

12.3 14.7 17.2

A1A2A2

20 (9) 29 (13) 29 (13)


20.0 22.5 25.0

19.6 22.1 24.5

A2B1B1

30 (14) 44 (20) 31 (14)


27.5 30.0 32.5

27.0 29.4 31.9

B1B1B1

44 (20) 45 (20) 45 (20)


35.0 37.5 40.0

34.3 36.8 39.2

B1B1B1

46 (21) 46 (21) 47 (21)


42.5 45.0 50.0

41.7 44.1 49.0

B1B1B1

47 (22) 48 (22) 48 (22)


55.0 60.0 65.0

53.9 58.8 63.7

C1C1C1

64 (29) 64 (29) 65 (30)


70.0 75.0 80.0

68.6 73.5 78.4

C1C1C1

65 (30) 66 (30) 68 (31)


85.0 90.0100.0

83.3 88.2 98.0

C1C1C1

68 (31) 69 (31) 69 (31)


120.0125.0140.0

117.6122.5137.2

C2C2C2

99 (45)100 (46)101 (46)


150.0160.0180.0

147.0156.8176.4

C2D1D1

103 (47)135 (61)137 (62)


200.0225.0250.0

196.0220.5245.0

D1D1E1

140 (64)143 (65)170 (77)


300.0350.0400.0

294.0343.0392.0

E1E1E1

175 (80)182 (83)189 (86)


kVAR RatedCurrent

CaseSize

Shipping Weight in Lbs (kg)

CatalogNumber

240V 15 25 30

36.0 60.0 72.0

B1B1C1

38.4 (17) 38.4 (17) 55.2 (25)

1523HURN2523HURN3023HURN

50 60 75

120.0144.0180.0

C1C2C2

57.6 (26)100.8 (46)104.4 (47)


100125

240.0300.0

D1E1

136.8 (62)189.6 (86)

10023HURN12523HURN

480V 15 25 30

18.0 30.0 36.0

A2B1B1

25.2 (11) 37.2 (17) 38.4 (17)


50 60 75

60.0 72.0 90.0

B1C1C1

39.6 (18) 52.8 (24) 55.2 (25)


100125150

120.0150.0180.0

C1C2C2

57.6 (26)100.8 (46)104.4 (47)


200250300

240.0300.0360.0

D1E1E1

136.8 (62)186.0 (84)189.6 (86)


600V 15 25 30

14.7 24.5 29.4

B1B1B1

37.2 (17) 38.4 (17) 39.6 (18)


50 60 75

49.0 58.8 73.5

C1C1C2

55.2 (25) 57.6 (26)100.8 (46)


100125150

98.0122.5147.0

C2D1D1

104.4 (47)136.8 (62)136.8 (62)


200250

196.0245.0

E1E1

186.0 (84)189.6 (86)

20063HURN25063HURN





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021

UNIPAK Low Voltage Fixed Harmonic FiltersTable 35.1-7. Fixed UNIPAK Harmonic Filters

Note: Other ratings available, please consult factory.

Figure 35.1-2. Reactor Cabinet

Table 35.1-8. Reactor Cabinet—Dimensions in Inches (mm)

Figure 35.1-3. Filter Schematic with Wiring Interconnects� Refer to NEC.

kVAR RatedCurrent

CaseSize

Shipping Weightin Lbs (kg)

Reactor CabinetCase Size

Reactor ShippingWeight in Lbs (kg)

Combined Shipping Weight in Lbs (kg)

CatalogNumber

240V 15 25 30

36.0 60.0 72.0

B1B1C1

48.4 (22.0) 48.4 (22.0) 65.2 (29.6)

RRR

90.0 (40.9)105.0 (47.7)110.0 (49.9)

138.4 (62.8)153.4 (69.6)175.2 (79.5)

15232HMURF25232HMURF30232HMURF

50 60 75

120.0144.0180.0

C1C2C2

67.6 (30.7)110.8 (50.3)114.4 (51.9)

RRR

130.0 (59.0)160.0 (72.6)185.0 (84.0)

197.6 (89.7)270.8 (122.9)299.4 (135.9)


100125150

240.0300.0360.0

D1E1E1

146.8 (66.6)199.6 (90.6)220.0 (99.9)

RSS

240.0 (109.0)280.0 (127.1)280.0 (127.1)

386.8 (175.6)479.6 (217.7)500.0 (227.0)


480V 15 25 30

18.0 30.0 36.0

A2B1B1

35.2 (16.0) 47.2 (21.4) 48.4 (22.0)

RRR

90.0 (40.9)105.0 (47.7)110.0 (49.9)

125.2 (56.8)152.2 (69.1)158.4 (71.9)


50 60 75

60.0 72.0 90.0

B1C1C1

49.6 (22.5) 62.8 (28.5) 65.2 (29.6)

RRR

130.0 (59.0)160.0 (72.6)185.0 (84.0)

179.6 (81.5)222.8 (101.2)250.2 (113.6)


100125150

120.0150.0180.0

C1C2C2

67.6 (30.7)110.8 (50.3)114.4 (51.9)

RRS

240.0 (109.0)280.0 (127.1)280.0 (127.1)

307.6 (139.7)390.8 (177.4)394.4 (179.1)


200250300

240.0300.0360.0

D1E1E1

146.8 (66.6)196.0 (89.0)199.6 (90.6)

STT

330.0 (149.8)570.0 (258.8)575.0 (261.1)

476.8 (216.5)766.0 (347.8)774.6 (351.7)


600V 15 25 30

14.7 24.5 29.4

B1B1B1

47.2 (21).4 48.4 (22.0) 49.6 (22.5)

RRR

90.0 (40.9) 90.0 (47.7)105.0 (49.9)

137.2 (62.3)153.4 (69.6)159.6 (72.5)


50 60 75

49.0 58.8 73.5

C1C1C2

65.2 (29.6) 67.6 (30.7)110.8 (50.3)

RRR

110.0 (59.0)130.0 (72.6)160.0 (84.0)

195.2 (88.6)227.6 (103.3)295.8 (134.3)


100125150

98.0122.5147.0

C2D1D1

114.4 (51.9)146.8 (66.6)146.8 (66.6)

RSS

185.0 (109.0)240.0 (127.1)280.0 (127.1)

354.4 (160.9)426.8 (193.8)426.8 (193.8)


200250

196.0245.0

E1E1

196.0 (89.0)199.6 (90.6)

TT

330.0 (149.8)570.0 (258.8)

526.0 (238.8)769.6 (349.4)

200632HMURF250632HMURF

Case Size Height Width Depth

RST

20.50 (520.7)24.50 (622.3)32.00 (812.8)

20.50 (520.7)24.50 (622.3)30.75 (781.1)

20.75 (527.1)22.00 (558.8)27.75 (704.9)

Power Lines from Disconnect

Lugs

Fuses

Reactor

Lugs

Lugs

Interconnects (Provided by Customer) �

Capacitor Bank


35.1-8


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022

Low Voltage Fixed Capacitor Banks and Fixed Harmonic Filters—Dimensions in Inches (mm)

Figure 35.1-4. Case A1, A2 Figure 35.1-5. Case B1





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023

Low Voltage Fixed Capacitor Banks and Fixed Harmonic Filters—Dimensions in Inches (mm)

Figure 35.1-6. Case C1, C2 Figure 35.1-7. Case D1, E1

Table 35.1-9. UNIPAK Enclosures

Legend:

A = Total depth

B = Total width

D = Height of removable front cover

E = Depth of feet

F = Height of middle mounting hole in wall bracket

H = Total height

L = Width without feet and brackets

X = Depth between front and rear mounting holes in inches

Y = Width between floor mounting holes

Z = Width between wall bracket mounting holes

Case Size


A B D E F H L X1 X2 X3 Y Z

A1 5.30 (133.5)

8.50 (215.9)

3.50 (88.7)

3.80 (96.8)

10.60 (270.2)

17.30 (439.4)

6.80 (173.9)

2.00 (51.5)

N/A N/A 7.70 (195.6)

7.20 (181.7)

A2 6.00 (151.2)

8.50 (215.9)

5.60 (141.9)

4.50 (114.6)

13.30 (336.7)

22.30 (567.6)

6.80 (173.9)

2.30 (58.3)

N/A N/A 7.70 (195.6)

7.20 (181.7)

B1 11.10 (280.8)

10.10(257.3)

5.80 (148.0)

9.60 (244.1)

15.70 (399.0)

25.30 (642.6)

8.50 (215.3)

4.10 (104.4)

4.50(114.3)

N/A 9.30 (237.0)

8.80 (223.1)

C1 10.60 (270.4)

12.10 (306.8)

7.10 (180.0)

9.10(231.5)

16.20 (412.5)

26.30 (668.0)

10.40 (264.8)

3.40 (86.9)

1.10(27.3)

3.6 (92.0)

11.30 (286.5)

10.70 (272.6)

C2 12.00(304.2)

19.30(490.7)

16.90(428.3)

9.50(240.5)

16.30(413.0)

36.00(914.4)

17.70(448.8)

3.00(75.3)

1.50(38.1)

3.8(95.3)

18.30(465.3)

18.00(456.5)

D1 16.80(426.6)

19.30(490.7)

16.90(428.3)

14.60(370.1)

N/A 36.00(914.4)

17.70(448.8)

5.10(129.1)

2.40(59.7)

5.0(127.9)

18.30(465.3)

N/A

E1 22.30(566.4)

24.40(618.7)

16.80(425.5)

19.50(494.1)

N/A 36.00(914.4)

22.70(576.7)

6.50(165.1)

4.40(111.9)

5.0(127.0)

22.40(567.9)

N/A


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024

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025

AUTOVAR® 300 Automatic Power Factor Correction Capacitor Systems

AUTOVAR 300

General DescriptionAutomatically switched power factor correction systems for low voltage applications.

■ Wall-mount design is ideal for minimum space requirements

■ Programmable to automatically add/subtract capacitor banks to maintain preset target power factor

■ Heavy-duty, three-phase capacitor construction

■ Five-year warranty of cells

Application DescriptionService entrance power factor correction installations requiring precise maintenance of target power factor in a very small footprint.

Features

Configuration■ Cabinet: Wall-mounting 12 gauge

steel with ANSI 61 gray, NEMA 1 (gasketed)

■ Power line interconnect: Rugged, power distribution block connection

■ Fusing: 200,000A interrupting capacity provided on all three phases of each bank. Blade-type fuses mounted on insulator stand-offs with blown-fuse indicating lights

■ Blown-fuse lights: Blown-fuse indicating lights for each phase and stage located on the door

■ Door interlock: Door interlock auto-matically disengages capacitors. Power continues to be provided to the unit until the disconnect is open

■ Exhaust fan: Provides ventilation; dust filtering included

■ Safety: Personnel ground fault interruption provides protection in case of accidental contact with control power and ground

Controller■ Visual indication of incorrect

CT polarity■ Digital display of power factor

and number of energized banks■ Automatic setting of c/k value

(sensitivity based on CT ratio and kVAR available)

■ Alarm on failed step■ Visual indication of insufficient

kVAR to reach target power factor■ Capacitors disabled in steps

within 35 milliseconds of main power interruption

■ Automatic sensing of kVAR values per step

■ Optional communications capable (RS-485/Modbus®) from controller

■ Optional metering capability:❑ Voltage❑ Current (sensed phase only)❑ Frequency❑ Active power (kW)❑ Reactive power (kVAR)❑ Apparent power (kVA)

■ Optional thermostatic control exhaust fans

Contactor■ Fully rated for capacitor switching

up to 60 kVAR at 600V■ Integral pre-charge/pre-insertion

module standard. The contactor reduces damaging switching tran-sients. This provides safety and durability for the system:❑ Lessens the chance of disrupting

sensitive electronic equipment❑ Reduced inrush current extends

the life of the capacitor cells

Options■ Optional molded-case circuit

breaker rated 65 kAIC at 480V and 600V

■ NEMA 3R weatherproofing

Standards and Certifications■ AUTOVAR 300—UL and CSA listed■ Contactor—UL/CSA recognized


35.2-2


September 2011


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026

Table 35.2-1. Wall-Mounted Switched Capacitor Banks—Low Voltage Applications

� Available only in rectangular style cell option. Consult factory for more information.


Table 35.2-2. Options

� A current transformer with a 5A secondary is required to operate an automatic capacitor bank. Rating based on service entrance ampacity. For other ratios, please consult factory.

Table 35.2-3. Enclosure J—Dimensions in Inches (mm)

Enclosure J—Dimensions in Inches (mm)

Figure 35.2-1. Front View of Enclosure J

Figure 35.2-2. Side View of Enclosure J

kVAR Step xkVAR

Rated Current Amperes

CaseSize

Shipping WeightLbs (kg)

FusedCatalogNumber

240V 25 50 75

5 x 55 x 105 x 15

60120180

JJJ

217 (98.5)255 (115.8)260 (118.0)

25MCSR231350MCSR231375MCSR2313

100125150

5 x 205 x 255 x 30

240300361

JJJ

270 (122.6)292 (132.6)314 (142.6)

100MCSR231125MCSR231150MCSR231

480V 50 75100

5 x 105 x 155 x 20

60 90120

JJJ

200 (90.8)210 (95.3)210 (95.3)

50MCSR431375MCSR4313100MCSR4313

125150175

5 x 255 x 305 x 35

150180210

JJJ

240 (109.0)240 (109.0)260 (118.0)

125MCSR4313150MCSR4313175MCSR431

200225250300

5 x 405 x 455 x 505 x 60

241270300361

JJJJ

270 (122.6)290 (131.7)292 (132.6)310 (140.7)

200MCSR431225MCSR431250MCSR431300MCSR431

600V 50 75100

5 x 105 x 155 x 20

48 72 96

JJJ

200 (90.8)210 (95.3)210 (95.3)

50MCSR631375MCSR6313100MCSR6313

125150175

5 x 255 x 305 x 35

120144168

JJJ

240 (109.0)240 (109.0)260 (118.0)

125MCSR6313150MCSR6313175MCSR631

200225250300 �

5 x 405 x 455 x 505 x 60

192216240288

JJJJ

270 (122.6)290 (131.7)292 (132.6)310 (140.7)

200MCSR631225MCSR631250MCSR631300MCSD631

Description OptionCode

Current transformer—multi-tap, split core current transformer (3000:5 A) �

TX2

Hands-off auto switch—provides manual control to connect or disconnect capacitor stages regardless of controller output

H

Remote alarm relay—relay for a remote alarm to indicate inability to reach target power factor

A

Molded-case circuit breaker (65 kAIC at 480V) M

Weatherproofing (NEMA 3R) W

Communicating controller (RS-485/Modbus) C

Metering and thermostatic temperature control L

Description Height A Depth B

Without MCCBWith MCCB

36.00 (914.4)60.00 (1524.0)

13.67 (347.2)13.67 (347.2)

36.00(914.4)

29.88(759.0)

On/OffSwitch

PowerFactorController

KeylockHandle

BlownFuseLights

A

B

0.63(16.0)

0.63(16.0)





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027

AUTOVAR 600 Automatic Power Factor Correction Capacitor Systems

AUTOVAR 600

General DescriptionService entrance power factor correction installations requiring precise maintenance of target power factor.

■ Programmable to automatically add/subtract capacitor banks to maintain preset target power factor

■ Heavy-duty, three-phase capacitor construction

■ Five-year warranty of cells

Features

Configuration■ Cabinet: 12 gauge steel with ANSI

61 gray, baked enamel finish. Lift bolts standard, NEMA 1

■ Power line interconnect: Rugged, copper bus bar connection with access provided for top or bottom entry. Bus bars are braced for 65 kAIC at 480V. All internal power wiring connections from bus are laid out on a most direct basis with minimum bends for ease of troubleshooting. Clear barrier limiting access to live parts included standard

■ Modular tray design: Capacitor banks arranged in modular trays with capacitors, fuses, blown-fuse indicating lights, and contactors grouped in a logical, easily under-stood layout. This permits easy access, quick identification of operating problems and ease of expandability

■ Fusing: UL recognized, 200,000A interrupting capacity provided on all three phases of each bank. Blade-type fuses mounted on insulator stand-offs

■ Blown-fuse lights: Blown-fuse indicating lights located on the door-mounted blown and at individual fuses to facilitate tracing of cleared fuses

■ Push-to-test: Allows testing of door-mounted blown fuse indicating lights

■ AutoLocate: When door is open and bus is energized, fuse circuit automatically checks for cleared fuses. If a fuse has cleared, the light at the fuse comes on for easy troubleshooting

■ Door interlock: Door interlock automatically turns off control circuit when engaged. Power continues to be provided to the unit until disconnect is open

■ Exhaust fans: Two fans per cabinet provide thermal protection. Dust filtering provided

■ Ease of expansion: Capacitor stage nests are self-contained and can be added in the field. Two bolts mount the nest in the field. Control wire plugs connect to factory standard wire harness on the left side of the cabinet

■ Ease of replacement: Cells can be easily individually replaced by removing the mounting bolt andlifting out of the nest without removal of any other components





■ Alarm on failed step■ Visual indication of insufficient kVAR

to reach target power factor■ Capacitors disabled in steps within

35 milliseconds of main power interruption


■ Optional communications capable (RS-485/Modbus) controller




35.2-4


September 2011


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028



module standard. The contactor reduces damaging switching transients. This provides safety and durability for the system:❑ Lessens the chance of disrupting



Additional Features

■ Optional molded-case circuit breaker, rated 65 kAIC at 480V and 600V

■ Personnel ground fault interruption provides protection in case of accidental contact with control power and ground

■ Control wiring—standard NEC color-coded modular bundles with quick disconnect feature for ease of troubleshooting or ease of expendability

■ Optional digital metering—IQ 250■ Bottom cable entry spacing

AUTOVAR 600—Interior View

Modular Step Nest Assembly

Bottom Entry Location

Factory Pre-Wired for Future Expansion

Standards and Certifications■ AUTOVAR 600—UL and CSA listed■ Contactor—UL/CSA recognized





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029

Technical Data and SpecificationsTable 35.2-4. Floor-Mounted Switched Capacitor Bank—Low Voltage Applications




� Not available with weatherproofing option.

kVAR Step xkVAR

RatedCurrentAmperes

EnclosureSize


FusedCatalogNumber

240 Vac 75 100 125

3 x 25 4 x 25 5 x 25

180 214 300

LLL

644 (292.4) 692 (314.2) 740 (336.0)

75TPCSR231100TPCSR231125TPCSR231

150 200 250

6 x 25 8 x 2510 x 25

316 481 600

LLL

788 (357.8) 884 (401.3) 944 (428.6)


300 350 400

12 x 25 7 x 50 8 x 50

720 844 965

LKKKK

1022 (464.0)1616 (734.0)1704 (774.0)


480 Vac 150 200 250

3 x 50 4 x 50 5 x 50

180 240 300

LLL

632 (287.0) 676 (306.9) 720 (326.9)


300 350 400

6 x 50 7 x 50 8 x 50

360 420 480

LLL

764 (346.9) 808 (366.8) 852 (386.8)


450 500 550

9 x 5010 x 5011 x 50

540 600 660

LLL

896 (406.8) 944 (428.6) 984 (446.7)


600 660 700

12 x 5011 x 60 7 x 100

720 792 840

LLL

1022 (464.0)1010 (458.5)1616 (734.0)


720 800 840

12 x 60 8 x 10014 x 60

864 9601008

LKKL

1050 (476.7)1704 (774.0)1690 (767.7)


900 100011001200

9 x 10010 x 10011 x 10012 x 100

1080120013201440

KKKKKKKK

1792 (814.0)1888 (857.0)1966 (893.0)2044 (928.0)

900TPCSR4311000TPCSR4311100TPCSR4311200TPCSR431

600 Vac 150 200 250

3 x 50 4 x 50 5 x 50

144 192 240

LLL

632 (287.0) 676 (306.9) 720 (326.9)


300 350 400

6 x 50 7 x 50 8 x 50

288 336 384

LLL

764 (346.9) 808 (366.8) 852 (386.8)


450 500 550

9 x 5010 x 5011 x 60

432 480 528

LLL

896 (406.8) 944 (428.6) 984 (446.7)


600 660 700

12 x 5011 x 60 7 x 100

576 634 672

LLKK

1022 (464.0)1010 (458.5)1616 (734.0)


720 800 840

12 x 60 8 x 10014 x 60

692 7681008

LKKKK

1050 (476.7)1704 (774.0)1690 (767.7)


900100011001200

9 x 10010 x 10011 x 10012 x 100

864 96010561152

KKKKKKKK

1792 (814.0)1888 (857.0)1966 (893.0)2044 (928.0)

900TPCSR6311000TPCSR6311100TPCSR6311200TPCSR631


Current transformer—multi-tap, split core current transformer (3000:5 A) �

TX2

Hands-off auto switch—provides manual control to connect or disconnect capacitor stages regardless of controller output

H


A

Molded-case circuit breaker (65 kAIC at 480V) M




IQ 250 solid-state meter � Q


35.2-6


September 2011


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030


Figure 35.2-3. AUTOVAR “L” (Single Door) Enclosure





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031


Figure 35.2-4. AUTOVAR “KK” (One Double Door) Enclosure


35.2-8


September 2011


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032

AUTOVAR Filter—LV Automatic Harmonic Filter

AUTOVAR Filter

AUTOVAR Filter—Interior View

General DescriptionAutomatically switched harmonic filter/power factor corrections systems.

■ Programmable to automatically add/subtract filter banks to maintain preset target power factor

■ Filter steps tuned for maximum efficiency in reducing harmonic currents in three-phase environ-ments with heavy nonlinear loads

■ Efficient modular design for short lead times, ease of maintenance and ease of future expansion

■ Heavy-duty, three-phase capacitor construction with reliable, threaded terminal connections

■ Cool operating, 100% copper wound, thermal protected reactors are sized up to 150% of rated capacitor current

Application DescriptionService entrance power factor correction installations requiring precise maintenance of target power factor in three-phase, nonlinear, high harmonic environments.

Features

Configuration■ Operation: AUTOVAR harmonic

filters are designed to be sized the same as any power factor correction unit. In most low voltage applications where harmonics are generated by nonlinear loads, no harmonic audit is necessary to design the AUTOVAR filter because it is already designed for typical harmonic spectrums at the kVAR size specified

■ Cabinet: 12 gauge steel with ANSI 61 gray, baked enamel finish. Lift bolts standard, NEMA 1

■ Power line interconnect: Rugged, copper bus bar connection with access provided for top or bottom entry. Bus bars are braced for 65 kAIC at 480V. All internal power wiring connections from bus are laid out on a most direct basis with minimum bends for ease of troubleshooting. Clear barrier limiting access to live parts included standard





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033

■ Modular tray design: Capacitor banks arranged in modular trays with capacitors, fuses, blown-fuse indicating lights, and contactors grouped in a logical, easily under-stood layout. This permits easy access, quick identification of operating problems and easeof expandability

■ Fusing: UL recognized, 200,000A interrupting capacity provided on all three phases of each bank. Blade-type fuses mounted on insulator stand-offs

■ Blown-fuse lights: Blown-fuse indicating lights located on the door-mounted blown and at individual fuses to facilitate tracing of cleared fuses

■ Push-to-test: Allows testing of door-mounted blown fuse indicating lights

■ AutoLocate: When door is open and bus energized, fuse circuit automatically checks for cleared fuses. If a fuse has cleared, the light at the fuse comes on for easy troubleshooting

■ Door interlock: Door interlock automatically turns off control circuit when engaged. Power continues to be provided to the unit until disconnect is open

■ Exhaust fans: Two fans per cabinet provide thermal protection. Dust filtering provided

■ Ease of expansion: Capacitor stage nests are self-contained and can be added in the field. Control wire plugs connect to factory standard wire harness on the left side of the cabinet

■ Ease of replacement: Cells can be easily individually replaced by removing the mounting bolt and lifting out of the nest without removal of any other components





■ Alarm on failed step

■ Visual indication of insufficient kVAR to reach target power factor

■ Capacitors disabled in steps within 35 milliseconds of main power interruption


■ Optional communications capable (RS-485/Modbus) controller





module standard. The contactor reduces damaging switching transients. This provides safety and durability for the system:❑ Lessens the chance of disrupting



Reactors■ Tuning: Reactors tuned to the 4.7th

harmonic order (nominal 5th). This provides maximum effectiveness in reducing harmonic currents in three-phase systems with harmonics caused by 6-pulse devices

■ Detuning: Reactor designs can be detuned upon request (4.2nd, 6.7th for example) to protect capacitors against alternate harmonics

■ Windings: 100% copper windings for minimal temperature rise under load

■ Thermal overload protection: Each reactor includes three normally closed, auto reset thermostats that open at 180°C. When thermostats engage, the contactor opens

■ Insulation: 220°C insulation system■ Warranty: One-year replacement

of reactors

Additional Features■ Optional molded-case circuit

breaker rated 65 kAIC at 480V and 600V

■ Personnel ground fault interruption provides protection in case of accidental contact with control power and ground

■ Control wiring—standard NEC color-coded modular bundles with quick disconnect feature for ease of troubleshooting or ease of expendability

AUTOVAR Filter—Reactor Cabinet

Standards and Certifications■ AUTOVAR filter—UL and CSA listed■ Contactor—UL/CSA recognized


35.2-10


September 2011


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034

Technical Data and SpecificationsTable 35.2-6. Floor-Mounted Switched Harmonic Filters—Low Voltage

Notes:

■ L + L under Enclosure Size denotes two Size L enclosures—one for the capacitors, one for the reactor case

■ For KK enclosure design, change the last digit of the catalog number to 1. For example, 500THFSR431

■ Other ratings available, please consult factory

■ Enclosures for 550 and 600 kVAR at 480V and 600V will be one double-door section wide if circuit breakers are required(Enclosure Size KK)

■ 240V filters available, please consult factory



� Not available with weatherproofing option.

kVAR Step xkVAR

RatedCurrentAmperes

EnclosureSize


FusedCatalogNumber

480 Vac150200250

3 x 50 4 x 50 5 x 50

180240300

LLL

1242 (564.6)1438 (652.9)1634 (741.8)

150THFSR431200THFSR431250THFSR431

300350400

6 x 50 7 x 50 8 x 50

360420480

KK or L + LKK or L + LKK or L + L

1830 (830.8)2026 (919.8)2222 (1008.8)


450500550600

9 x 5010 x 5011 x 5012 x 50

540600660720

KK or L + LKK or L + LKK or L + LKK or L + L

2371 (1076.4)2525 (1146.4)2750 (1248.5)2830 (1284.8)

450THFSR432500THFSR432550THFSR432600THFSR432

600 Vac150200250

3 x 50 4 x 50 5 x 50

144192241


1242 (564.6)1438 (652.9)1634 (741.8)


300350400

6 x 50 7 x 50 8 x 50

288336384


1830 (830.8)2026 (919.8)2222 (1008.8)


450500550600

9 x 5010 x 5011 x 5012 x 50

432480528576

KK or L + LKK or L + LKK or L + LKK or L + L

2371 (1076.4)2525 (1146.4)2750 (1248.5)2830 (1284.8)

450THFSR632500THFSR632550THFSR632600THFSR632


Current transformer—multi-tap, split core current transformer �

TX2

Hands-off Auto Switch—provides manual control to connect or disconnect capacitor stages regardless of controller output

H


A

Molded case circuit breaker (65 kAIC at 480 V) M




IQ 250 solid-state meter � Q





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035

Dimensions

Figure 35.2-5. AUTOVAR “l + l” (Two Single Door) Enclosures


35.2-12


September 2011


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036






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037

Active-Harmonic Filter-Harmonic Correction Unit—NEMA 1 Enclosure Specifications

Harmonic Correction Units—NEMA 1 Enclosure

General Description

Harmonic Correction UnitsHarmonic correction unit (HCU) provides dynamic harmonic cancella-tion when connected to an electrical network. The HCU monitors the distorted electrical signal, separates the fundamental and harmonic content and actively injects the opposing distorted spectrum to cancel and correct the harmonics.

The HCU can guarantee the harmonic cancellation performance to the requirements of standards such as IEEE 519, IEC 61000 3-2, 3-4, G5/4-1 and GB/T 14549; irrespective of the loading conditions of the system or the load.

The HCU also is ideal for critical installations where the shunt connected HCU does not interfere with the reliability and operation of the installation compared to some series-connected solutions.

HCUs are very easy to size, select and apply and are available in a variety of enclosure options including Chassis, NEMA and IP ratings.

The HCU can be used in both three-phase, three-wire and three-phase, four-wire electrical networks, and up to medium voltages of 15 kV (direct connect up to 480V. The HCU’s auto-detecting voltage and frequency features make it a versatile device to select without having the system information upfront.

The HCU is unique in its capabilityto operate in dual mode of operation, allowing cancellation of both integral harmonics in discreet spectrum mode and subharmonics and interharmonics in continuous spectrum mode.

The HCU also features the capability of providing dynamic VAR injection, thereby providing both true and displacement power factor correction to lagging 0.98 without the inherrent drawbacks of resonance and harmonic overload experienced by traditional passive solutions.

The ability to use the HCU in either dynamic VAR compensation mode or harmonic mitigation mode, or in combination mode makes this an ideal solution in improving other types of power quality problems such as flicker reduction.

The three frame sizes of HCU and practically unlimited paralleling capability allow it to be connected either as a bus connected or a load connected solution, providing the desired harmonics performance at the bus or at the load.

Applications■ PWM AC drives■ DC drives■ Water and wastewater

treatment plants■ HVAC—commercial■ Compliance to IEEE 519:

❑ Military❑ Industrial❑ Commercial


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038

Product SpecificationTable 35.3-1. AccuSine Product Specification Description Specification

Standard rms output current ratings 50A, 100A, 300A

Nominal voltage 208–480 V ±10% auto-sensing

Other voltages With transformer

Nominal frequency 50/60 Hz ±3 Hz auto-sensing

Number of phases 3P/3W, 3P/4W

Power electronics IGBT

Topology Analog/digital interface

Operation with single-phase loads Yes

Current transformers (CT) 1000/5, 3000/5, 5000/5 (400 Hz)

Number of CTs required 2 or 3

Normal spectrum of compensation 2nd to 50th harmonic global

Attenuation ratio > 10:1

Parallel multiple units Yes, any rating combinations

CT location Either source or load sensing

Power factor correction Yes, leading or lagging injection to target power factor

Response time 100 microseconds for step load changes, 1 cycle full response

Overload Limited to nominal output, continuous operation

Dynamic current injection Up to 2.25 times rated current

Display High quality 3.8 inches QVGA screen

Languages English, with other language capability

Operators Graphic touch screen terminal

Display parameters AC line voltage, DC bus voltage, load power factor unit output power factor

Load harmonic current, load reactive current, output harmonic current, corrected load current

Various fault codes, set up parameter points start, stop control screen

Communication capability Modbus, Modbus TCP/IP

Heat losses N1 unit: 1800W for 50A, 3000W for 100A, 9000W for 300A

N12, IP units: 2150W for 50A, 3700W for 100A, 10,000W for 300A

Noise level (ISO 3746) < 80 db at one meter from unit surface

Color NEMA 1 quartz gray, all others RAL7032

Operating temperature 0° to 40°C continuous

Relative humidity 0–95% noncondensing

Seismic qualification IBC and ASCE7

Operating altitude < 1000m (derating factors apply for higher altitudes at 10% per 1000m)

Protection (enclosure) NEMA 1, NEMA 12, IP30, IP54

Optional: CE EMC certification IEC/EN60439-1, EN61000-6-4 Class A, EN61000-6-2





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039

Sizing and Product SelectionTable 35.3-2. Harmonic Control Units Ratings—NEMA 1 Enclosed—Dimensions in Inches (mm)

Table 35.3-3. Current Transformer Ratings—Dimensions in Inches (mm)

Note: Current transformers are rated for 400 Hz. Two current transformers are required for three-phase loads. Three current transformers are required when single-phase loads are present.

Installation Options

Figure 35.3-1. Source CT Location Figure 35.3-2. Load CT Location

Voltage Frequency Total Current Amperes(rms)

WattLosses(kW)

ExteriorH x W x D

Unit WeightLbs (kg)

EnclosureType

Disconnect Model Type

208–480208–480208–480

50/6050/6050/60

50100300

1.83.08.0

51.80 x 20.70 x 18.50 (1315.7 x 525.8 x 469.9)68.70 x 20.70 x 18.50 (1745.0 x 525.8 x 469.9)74.90 x 32.20 x 19.50 (1902.5) x 817.9 x 495.3)

250 (113.5)350 (158.9)775 (351.9)

Wall-mount/NEMA 1Wall-mount/NEMA 1Free-standing/NEMA 1

——X

HCUE050D5N1HCUE100D5N1HCUE300D5N1

AC LineCurrent Rating

Type Internal Diameter

Model Type

100030005000

SplitSplitSplit

4.65 (118.1)6.50 (165.1)7.50 (190.5)

CT1000SC

CT3000SC

CT5000SC

AHF

ConnectedLoad

ConnectedLoad

ConnectedLoad

Power Sourceor Upstream

Panel

Distribution Power orMotor Control Center

Harmonic Cancellation and/orPower Factor Correction of

All Loads on Panel

AHF

OtherLoad

ConnectedLoad

OtherLoad


Panel


Harmonic Cancellation and/orPower Factor Correction of

All Loads on Panel


35.3-4


September 2011


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040

Figure 35.3-3. Source or Load CT Location—Three Possible CT Locations Shown

Figure 35.3-4. Source or Load CT Location—Four Possible CTLocations Shown

Figure 35.3-5. Automatic Capacitor Banks—Medium Voltage Main–Tie–Main

AHF

OtherLoad

OtherLoad


Panel


Less Than25 Feet perNEC 240.21

= Source CT Location= Load CT Location

Connected Load

AHF

Other Load Other Load


Panel


More Than25 Feet perNEC 240.21

= Source CT Location= Load CT Location

ConnectedLoad

Harmonic Cancellationand/or Power Factor

Correction of theLoads on a

Single Branch

Breakeror Fused

Disconnect

Junction Box

Utility Line #1

MainTransformer

Utility Line #2

MainTransformer

Main ANC

Main BNC52

CT Phase AXXXX/5

CT Phase AXXXX/5

CT Phase AXXXX/5

CT Phase AXXXX/5

52 52

52

52T

Tie

No

Bus A Bus B

CapacitorBank A

CapacitorBank B

Note: Both main and tie CT ratio have to be identical.

Note: Low voltage system is similar.





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041

Model DrawingsModel HCUE050 Layout Dimensions—NEMA 1 EnclosureThe HCUE050 series offers 50A of corrective current in a convenient package. The enclosed model comes standard with a human machine interface panel for control diagnostics, communications and programming. Input fuses are included. The enclosed unit includes a removable panel for bottom conduit entry.

Figure 35.3-6. HCUE050—50A, 208–480V

20.70(525.8)

Heat Sink Opening

4.60(116.8)

9.80(248.9)

16.70(424.2)

HMI

4.00(101.6)

5.10(129.5)

17.30(439.4)

50.30(1277.6)

18.70(475.0)

51.80(1315.7)

Inlet Air Opening

6.30(160.0)

5.30(134.6)

6.30(160.0)

5.30(134.6)

5.70(144.8)

8.90(226.1)

Conduit Plate

5.90(149.9)


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September 2011


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042

Model HCUE100 Layout Dimensions—NEMA 1 EnclosureThe HCUE100 series offers 100A of corrective current in a wall-mounted NEMA 1 enclosure. The enclosed model comes standard with a human machine interface module for control, diagnostics, communications and programming. Input fuses are included. The enclosed unit includes a removable panel for bottom conduit entry.

Figure 35.3-7. HCUE100—100A 208–480V

20.70(525.8)

Heat Sink Opening

4.60(116.8)

9.80(249.0)

16.70(424.2)

HMI4.00

(101.6)

5.10(129.5)

20.60(523.2)

67.20(1706.9)

18.70(475.0)

68.70(1745.0)

Inlet Air Opening

6.30(160.0)

5.30(134.6)

6.30(160.0)

5.30(134.6)

5.70(144.8)

8.90(226.1)

Conduit Plate

5.90(149.9)





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043

Model HCUE300 Layout Dimensions—NEMA 1 EnclosureThe HCUE300 series offers 300A of corrective current for large capacity applications. It is available in a floor-standing NEMA 1 enclosure (including a door-interlocking disconnect). The enclosed model comes standard with a human machine interface module for control, diagnostics, communications and programming. Input fuses are included. The enclosed unit includes a removable panel for top conduit entry.

Figure 35.3-8. HCUE300—300A 208–480V

32.00(812.8)

Heat Sink Opening

6.50(165.1)

23.20(589.3)

28.90(734.1)

HMI

4.00(101.6)

5.10(129.5)

14.80(375.9)

74.80(1899.9)

17.10(434.3)

77.10(1958.3)

InletAir Opening

10.80(274.3)

12.50(317.5)

14.70(373.4)

7.40(188.0)

8.00(203.2)

Conduit Plate

3.10(78.7)

”A“

24.30(617.2)

Detail ”A“Scale 1:12

4X 0.40 (10.2)

4X 0.60 (15.2)

21.80(553.7)


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September 2011


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044






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Low Voltage

General Description045

Transient-Free Statically SwitchedCapacitor Bank

Power Factor Correction Unit

General DescriptionThe Eaton transient-free statically switched (TFSS) capacitor systems represent the “next level” of power system enhancements by using semi-conductor devices to switch capacitors at the same potential or zero potential difference, thereby eliminating the possible problem of transients caused by capacitor switching and increasing the speed of capacitive VAR compen-sation. This level of performance is needed when high-current loads rapidly switch on and off and require power factor, voltage flicker, sag or harmonic correction. These disturbances can be found in many industries, including rock crushing, arc-welding, plastic injection molding and crane applications.

Transient-free statically switched capacitor units are available in two broader models.

The FTE model is a real-time transient-free system, used to compensate extremely rapid loads within one cycle of operation (typically 5–20 msec).

The FTA model is a fast transient-free system, used to compensate any loads within 3–4 seconds.

Units are available in a variety of tuning orders/ percentage reactor combinations.

Application DescriptionApplications to correct power factor and/or provide voltage support can include:

■ Flicker reduction■ Motor starting ■ Bus voltage stabilization ■ Grid fault ride-through■ On-site generation support■ Spot welding■ Wind turbines■ Other dynamic loads

Three current transformers with a 5A secondary are required for proper operation of a TFSS system. Primary CT current rating is based on service entrance ampacity.

Startup and commissioning by factory-trained personnel is required for proper operation and warranty of a TFSS system.


35.4-2


September 2011


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Low Voltage

Features and Benefits046

Features and Benefits■ Transient-free capacitor group

switching, using electronic switching elements

■ Simultaneous connection/disconnection of all required steps

■ Consistent capacitor values and stable filter characteristics

■ Harmonic filtration■ Smaller footprints for larger

capacitor banks■ Reduced maintenance cost■ Ultra-fast compensation of reactive

power with response time as quick as 2–4 ms

■ Three independent control modes:❑ Power factor control❑ Voltage control❑ Load sharing with another

compensation system connected to the same transformer

■ Unique SCAN feature reduces capacitor duty cycles

■ Remote control of compensation systems available via LAN or Ethernet

■ Integrated three-phase network analyzer:❑ Measures all power parameters on

each phase (V, I, kW, kVAR, kVA)❑ Measures voltage and current

harmonics to the 63rd harmonic FTE unit includes all of the above, and:

■ Reduces voltage flicker and voltage sag

■ Provides network reactive power support

■ Offers voltage control options■ Base product is three-phase

balanced delta connected. For unbalanced single-phase system, please consult factory

Standards and Certifications

Enclosure■ EMC—EN50081-2, EN50082-2,

EN55011, EN61000-4-2/3/4/5, ENV50204, ENV50141

■ CE Mark—73/23/EEC am 93/68, 98/37/EC Article 4(2)

■ Safety—EN61010-1, EN60439-1, EN60204

■ UL 508■ CSA

Technical Data and Specifications

Network Voltage■ 210–690V■ Engineered solutions up to 35 kV

Frequency■ 45–55 Hz for 50 Hz network■ 55–65 Hz for 60 Hz network

Capacitor Group Configurations■ Up to 12 groups per one controller■ Switching sequence:

❑ 1:1:1:1 (all equal)❑ 1:2:2:2 (half group)❑ 1:2:4:4 (quarter, half groups)

Response Time■ FTE—5–20 ms for a 50 Hz network■ FTE—4–16 ms for a 60 Hz network■ FTA—1–4 second maximum

Figure 35.4-1. Application Example—Spot Welding





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Low Voltage

General Description047

Catalog Number Selection

Table 35.4-1. Transient-Free Statically Switched Unit Catalog Numbering System

OptionalCommunications Card

RS-485/Modbus

FTE SZ G SW U P N M L1 COM

Type

FTE = Real time balancedFTEU = Real time unbalancedFTEW = Voltage control optionFTA = Fast acting

� MV units require a correctly sized and specified step up transformer and MV and LV interconnection, switching and protection.

� All systems are offered with Measurement Level 1 and no communications card. The measurement levels can be upgraded to higher measurement options as well as for communications.

Note: Balanced system employs two-phase switching. Unbalanced system employs individual three-phase switching.

Optional

Measurement Levels �

L1 = Default (includes f, l, V, Power)

L2 = L1 + HarmonicsL3 = L2 + Waveform

Enclosure

N1 = NEMA 1N12 = NEMA 12N3R = NEMA 3R

Percent Reactor (Tuning)

P14 = 14% (2.67th order)P7 = 7% (3.8th order)P567 = 6.67% (4.2nd order)P49 = 4.9% (4.5th order)

Circuit Breaker

kVAR

Total power in kVARTypically in steps of 50 kVAR beginning with 100 kVAR

Number of Groups

Maximum 12

Switching Sequence

1 = 1:1:1:12 = 1:2:2:24 = 1:2:4:4

System Voltage

480 = 480V600 = 600V690 or above = MV �


35.4-4


September 2011


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Low Voltage

Dimensions048

DimensionsTypical modular section is 31.50 W x 23.50 D x 82.70 H inches (800.1 W x 596.9 D x 2100.6 H mm) for up to 400 kVAR at 480V. An integral breaker can add a 25.00 inch (635.0 mm) width section to the enclosure.

Figure 35.4-2. 900 kVAR Fast Transient-Free Switching System—Dimensions in Inches (mm)

110.39(2804.0)

30.28(769.0)

6.18(157.0)

109.41(2779.0)

36.30(922.0)

104.88(2664.0)

Cable Entry





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Metal-Enclosed—Medium VoltageGeneral Description

049

Univar XV (5 kV Class)

Univar XV Fixed Medium Voltage PFC Unit

General DescriptionCapacitors for medium voltage, heavy-duty applications:

■ Univar capacitors are designed for power factor correction in applications where a fixed amount of capacitance (kVAR) is required

■ 2400V, 4160V, 4800V■ Fast economical payback■ Individual units or multiple

assemblies can be designed■ Indoor dustproof/outdoor

waterproof enclosures (NEMA 12, NEMA 3R)

■ Floor mounting.■ Two- or three-phase fused options

for 2400–4800V■ NEMA 3R terminal box

Note: NEC® Article 460.8 (b)(1)requires capacitors to have overcurrent protection in all ungrounded conductors (except if connected on the load side of a motor overload protection device). Three-phase capacitors fused only on two phases will not provide adequate protection if a line-to-ground fault should occur in the unfused phase.

Application Description■ Large motors■ Motor control centers■ Branch circuits■ Service entrances

Features, Benefits and Functions

Standard Features

Enclosure Terminal Box14-gauge steel finished with durable baked-on enamel. The wiring enclo-sure is gasketed to create a weather-proof, dustproof seal. Universal mounting flanges are provided for floor installation. The elimination of knockouts permits indoor/outdoor use. Unit meets NEMA 1, 3R and 12 requirements. Enclosure is painted ANSI 61 gray.

Features■ Viewing window■ Top and side entry■ Removable front cover

FusingFuses are rated 50,000A symmetrical interrupting capacity. Ratings are 165% to 250% of rated current. Fuses have visual pop-up blown fuse indication standard.

Discharge ResistorsThese reduce the residual voltage to less than 50V residual within 5 minutes of de-energization.

Grounding Stud■ Standard

Power Line Terminals■ Large size for easy connection■ Plated copper one-hole

termination pad

Operating Temperature■ –40º to 115ºF (–40º to +46ºC)

Optional Features■ Two or three fuses■ CSA testing and labels


35.5-2


September 2011


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Metal-Enclosed—Medium VoltageTechnical Data

050

Technical Data and SpecificationsTable 35.5-1. Univar Three-Phase Ratings

Table 35.5-2. Two-Phase Fused

Note: To be used on un-grounded delta systems or high-resistance grounded systems only.

Note: Add suffix “C” for CSA label.

Volts Hertz kVAR

240041604800

606060

25–82525–90025–900

kVAR 2400V 4160V 4800V Dimension (A) Inches (mm)

Approx. WeightLbs (kg)

FigureNumber

25 50 75

25243MVF50243MVF75243MVF

25413MVF50413MVF75413MVF

25483MVF50483MVF75483MVF

34.44 (875.0)34.44 (875.0)34.44 (875.0)

70 (32) 70 (32) 70 (32)

Figure 35.5-1Figure 35.5-1Figure 35.5-1

100125150

100243MVF125243MVF150243MVF

100413MVF125413MVF150413MVF

100483MVF125483MVF150483MVF

36.19 (919.0)36.19 (919.0)36.19 (919.0)

75 (34) 83 (38) 88 (40)


175200225

175243MVF200243MVF225243MVF

175413MVF200413MVF225413MVF

175483MVF200483MVF225483MVF

36.19 (919.0)36.19 (919.0)41.94 (1065.0)

93 (42) 99 (45)109 (49)


250275300

250243MVF275243MVF—

250413MVF275413MVF300413MVF

250483MVF275483MVF300483MVF

41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)

109 (49)121 (55)121 (55)


300325350

300243MVF325243MVF350243MVF

—325413MVF350413MVF

—325483MVF350483MVF

36.19 (919.0)36.19 (919.0)36.19 (919.0)

172 (78)177 (80)182 (83)


375400425

375243MVF400243MVF425243MVF

375413MVF400413MVF425413MVF

375483MVF400483MVF425483MVF

36.19 (919.0)36.19 (919.0)41.94 (1065.0)

188 (85)194 (88)206 (93)


450475500

450243MVF475243MVF500243MVF

450413MVF475413MVF500413MVF

450483MVF475483MVF500483MVF

41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)

214 (97)214 (97)214 (97)


525550575

525243MVF550243MVF—

525413MVF550413MVF575413MVF

525483MVF550483MVF575483MVF

41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)

226 (103)238 (108)238 (108)


575600600

575243MVF—600243MVF

—600413MVF—

—600483MVF—

36.19 (919.0)41.94 (1065.0)36.19 (919.0)

259 (118)238 (108)265 (121)


625650675

625243MVF650243MVF675243MVF

625413MVF650413MVF675413MVF

625483MVF650483MVF675483MVF

41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)

279 (127)287 (131)295 (134)


700725750

700243MVF725243MVF750243MVF

700413MVF725413MVF750413MVF

700483MVF725483MVF750483MVF

41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)

295 (134)295 (134)295 (134)


775800825

775243MVF800243MVF825243MVF

775413MVF800413MVF825413MVF

775483MVF800483MVF825483MVF

41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)

307 (140)319 (145)331 (151)


850875900

———

850413MVF875413MVF900413MVF

850483MVF875483MVF900483MVF

41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)

331 (151)331 (151)331 (151)






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Metal-Enclosed—Medium VoltageTechnical Data

051

Table 35.5-3. Three-Phase Fused

Note: Add suffix “C” for CSA label.

kVAR 2400V 4160V 4800V Dimension (A) Inches (mm)

Approx. Weight Lbs (kg)

FigureNumber

25 50 75

25243MVF350243MVF375243MVF3

25413MVF350413MVF375413MVF3

25483MVF350483MVF375483MVF3

34.44 (875.0)34.44 (875.0)34.44 (875.0)

72 (32) 72 (32) 72 (32)


100125150

100243MVF3125243MVF3150243MVF3

100413MVF3125413MVF3150413MVF3

100483MVF3125483MVF3150483MVF3

36.19 (919.0)36.19 (919.0)36.19 (919.0)

77 (34) 85 (38) 90 (40)


175200225

175243MVF3200243MVF3225243MVF3

175413MVF3200413MVF3225413MVF3

175483MVF3200483MVF3225483MVF3

36.19 (919.0)36.19 (919.0)41.94 (1065.0)

95 (42)101 (45)111 (49)


250275300

250243MVF3275243MVF3—

250413MVF3275413MVF3300413MVF3

250483MVF3275483MVF3300483MVF3

41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)

111 (49)123 (55)123 (55)


300325350

300243MVF3325243MVF3350243MVF3

—325413MVF3350413MVF3

—325483MVF3350483MVF3

36.19 (919.0)36.19 (919.0)36.19 (919.0)

176 (78)181 (80)186 (83)


375400425

375243MVF3400243MVF3425243MVF3

375413MVF3400413MVF3425413MVF3

375483MVF3400483MVF3425483MVF3

36.19 (919.0)36.19 (919.0)41.94 (1065.0)

192 (85)198 (88)210 (93)


450475500

450243MVF3475243MVF3500243MVF3

450413MVF3475413MVF3500413MVF3

450483MVF3475483MVF3500483MVF3

41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)

218 (97)218 (97)218 (97)


525550575

525243MVF3550243MVF3—

525413MVF3550413MVF3575413MVF3

525483MVF3550483MVF3575483MVF3

41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)

230 (103)242 (108)242 (108)


575600600

575243MVF3—600243MVF3

—600413MVF3—

—600483MVF3—

36.19 (919.0)41.94 (1065.0)36.19 (919.0)

265 (118)242 (108)271 (121)


625650675

625243MVF3650243MVF3675243MVF3

625413MVF3650413MVF3675413MVF3

625483MVF3650483MVF3675483MVF3

41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)

285 (127)293 (131)301 (134)


700725750

700243MVF3725243MVF3750243MVF3

700413MVF3725413MVF3750413MVF3

700483MVF3725483MVF3750483MVF3

41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)

301 (134)301 (134)301 (134)


775800825

775243MVF3800243MVF3825243MVF3

775413MVF3800413MVF3825413MVF3

775483MVF3800483MVF3825483MVF3

41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)

313 (140)325 (145)337 (151)


850875900

———

850413MVF3875413MVF3900413MVF3

850483MVF3875483MVF3900483MVF3

41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)41.94 (1065.0)

337 (151)337 (151)337 (151)



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Metal-Enclosed—Medium VoltageDimensions

052

Dimensions

Figure 35.5-1. UNIVAR XV 5 kV Class, 25–300 kVAR






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053

Dimensions



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054

Univar (15 kV Class)

Univar Fixed Medium Voltage PFC Unit

General DescriptionCapacitors for medium voltage, heavy-duty applications:

■ Univar capacitors are designed for power factor correction in applications where a fixed amount of capacitance (kVAR) is required.

■ 6600V, 7200V, 12,470V or 13,800V■ Fast economical payback■ Individual units or multiple

assemblies can be designed■ Indoor dustproof/outdoor

waterproof enclosures (NEMA 12, NEMA 3R)

■ Floor mounting■ All units above 4800V are supplied

with fusing on all three phases■ NEMA 3R terminal box

Application Description■ Large motors■ Motor control centers■ Branch circuits■ Service entrances

Features, Benefits and Functions

Standard Features

Enclosure16-gauge steel finished with durable baked-on enamel. The wiring enclo-sure is gasketed to create a weather-proof, dustproof seal. Universal mounting flanges are provided for floor installation. The elimination of knockouts permits indoor/outdoor use. Unit meets NEMA 1, 3R and 12 requirements. Enclosure is painted ANSI 70 gray.

FusingFuses are rated 50,000A symmetrical interrupting capacity. Ratings are 165% to 250% of rated current. Fuses have visual pop-up blown fuse indication standard.

Discharge ResistorsThese reduce the residual voltage to less than 50V residual within 5 minutes of de-energization.

Grounding Stud■ Standard

Power Line Terminals■ Large size for easy connection

Operating Temperature■ –40° to 115°F (–40° to +46°C)

Optional Features■ CSA testing and labels





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055

Technical Data and SpecificationsTable 35.5-4. Univar Three-Phase Ratings

Table 35.5-5. Standard Three Fuses (6600–13,800V)—Refer to Figure 35.5-4 Below

Dimensions

Figure 35.5-4. UNIVAR 15 kV Class, 50–500 kVAR—Drawing Number 5D10243

Volts Hertz kVAR

6600 720012,47013,800

60606060

50–40050–40050–50050–500

Standard Three Fuses Dimensions Approx.WeightLbs (kg)

StandardDrawingNumber

kVAR 6600V 7200V 12,470V 13,800V (A) Inches (mm)

(B)Inches (mm)

(C) Inches (mm)

(D)Inches (mm)

50100150

50663FKED3100663FKED3150663FKED3

50723FKED3100723FKED3150723FKED3

50123FKED3100123FKED3150123FKED3

50133FKED3100133FKED3150133FKED3

4.25 (108.0)4.25 (108.0)4.25 (108.0)

45.50 (1156.0)45.50 (1156.0)45.50 (1156.0)

14.46 (367.0)14.46 (367.0)14.46 (367.0)

0.25 (6.0)0.25 (6.0)0.25 (6.0)

198 (90)198 (90)198 (90)

5D102435D102435D10243

200250300

200663FKED3250FKY66323300FKY66323

200723FKED3250FKY72323300FKY72323

200123FKED3250FKY12323300FKY12323

200133FKED3250FKY13323300FKY13323

5.62 (143.0)5.62 (143.0)5.62 (143.0)

45.50 (1156.0)48.50 (1232.0)53.50 (1359.0)

14.46 (367.0)17.46 (443.0)17.46 (443.0)

0.25 (6.0)0.25 (6.0)0.25 (6.0)

220 (100)246 (112)246 (112)

5D102435D102435D10243

350400450500

350FKY66323400FKY66323——

350FKY72323400FKY72323——

350FKY12323400FKY12323450FKY12323500FKY12323

350FKY13323400FKY13323450FKY13323500FKY13323

5.62 (143.0)5.62 (143.0)5.62 (143.0)5.62 (143.0)

53.50 (1359.0)57.25 (1454.0)57.25 (1454.0)57.25 (1454.0)

17.46 (443.0)22.46 (570.0)22.46 (570.0)26.21 (666.0)

0.25 (6.0)0.25 (6.0)0.25 (6.0)0.25 (6.0)

246 (112)281 (128)281 (128)336 (153)

5D102435D102435D102435D10243

A

CB

D

0.250-20Grd. Scr.

16.42

RemovableTop Cover

Solderless Conn.for A #10 Solidto A #4 Str’d. Conn.

(2) 0.500 x 0.625Slots [13 x 16]

25.0824.12

34.00Barriers


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057

Metal-Enclosed Medium Voltage

Safety and Aesthetics are Just Two Compelling Reasons to Use Metal-Enclosed PFC Systems

Application Description

Utility CustomersMetal-enclosed power factor correc-tion systems are fully assembled, tested and ready for installation. Very little field assembly is required. Installation and maintenance costsfor metal-enclosed systems are low compared to pole and rack mounted capacitor banks. Metal-enclosed systems and harmonic filters are less vulnerable to wildlife and airborne contaminants that can cause tracking and faults. In addition, metal-enclosed systems significantly reduce the risks and the associated liability involving untrained personnel. All live parts are contained in a grounded, key inter-locked enclosure and no internal hardware is accessible. Metal-enclosed systems are aesthetically pleasing due to their low profile, and can be painted to match the surround-ing architecture. These are just some of the reasons more and more utilities are using metal-enclosed capacitor and harmonic filter systems.

Industrial CustomersLarge industrial power users can use the benefits associated with medium voltage power factor correction and harmonic filtering. Medium voltage solutions usually support the scale and scope of larger services. Medium voltage applications can be found in the following types of industries as examples: automotives, pulp and paper, plastics, petrochemical and heavy manufacturing.

Individual fixed capacitors provide power factor correction directly at the cause of the problem, such as a large horsepower MV motor. Medium voltage systems allow large industrials to correct power factor at or close to the point of common coupling (PCC), where the utility electrical system meets theirs. This allows correctionfor an entire facility, instead of having to correct at multiple locations. The Eaton NEMA 3R design also allows the system to be placed outdoors, saving valuable manufacturing floor space. The savings can be enormous, in materials, installation costs and floor space. In short, medium voltage solutions provide a cost-effective alternative to many local low voltage power factor correction units, while protecting the customer’s entire electrical distribution system.

Commercial CustomersMany commercial customers are purchasing power from their utility at higher voltages today (2.4–15 kV), and can also take advantage of medium voltage power factor correction systems. These solutions can meet the needs of large office complexes, hospitals and universities, among others. The benefits of safety (key interlocking, no exposed live parts, etc.), and aesthetics (low profile, can be painted to match environment) both meet the needs of these applications where there are large numbers of untrained personnel in proximity of electrical equipment.

AdvantagesEaton’s purchase of the Common-wealth Sprague capacitor systems business, with its over 70 years of market experience, provides a combination that allows the end user to obtain a world-class solution to fill their power factor needs. Quality and reliability are of paramount importance to not only the Eaton engineering team, but are also the backbone of all Eaton products and services. This commitment to quality means the customer can have a great deal of confidence with the medium voltage capacitor orharmonic filter solution from Eaton’s electrical business.

Benefits

Ease of InstallationEaton makes installation easy. All systems are completely assembled in the factory, with all equipment pre-wired and pre-tested for easy on-site installation. Only shipping splits must be connected in the field. Splice kits connect bus systems, and control wiring is easily connected at each enclosure. Current limiting fuses, contactor assemblies, and the incom-ing switch assembly can be removed from the enclosure if needed. Line terminals are completely accessible from the front of the system.

Personnel SafetyPositive mechanical isolating switch with visible disconnect completely grounds and isolates the unit from the line connectors. A screened barrier protects personnel from live parts. All medium voltage doors are mechanically interlocked with the disconnect switch. Key interlocks are provided standard on all enclosure doors, and can be coordinated with upstream disconnect devices. The low voltage control section has a separate door-in-door design, and is segregated from the medium voltage sections so that an operator can work in that section safely.

Ease of MaintenanceAll components are front-accessible, facilitating routine inspection or parts replacement. A viewing window is standard on all compartment doors.

FlexibilitySystems are expandable. The customer can add stages in the future by connecting the phase bus in the field via splice kits. Structures can be bolted together in the field.

Insulated Splice Kits Allow for SimpleInterconnection in the Field


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058

Autovar MV (2.4–14.4 kV)

Medium VoltageMetal-Enclosed PFC System

General DescriptionThe Autovar medium voltage automatic power factor capacitor systems are designed for power factor correction in applications where plant power factor can be constant or changing, and an engineered solution is required. These systems can be a fixed amount of capacitance with a disconnect, a number of switched capacitance stages or a combination of both. The Autovar medium voltage capacitor system can switch stages of capacitance in and out automatically based on information collected by the power factor controller on the door-in-door control panel.

Features, Benefits and Functions■ Voltages from 2400 to 14,400V■ Reactive power ratings through

15 MVAR■ Harmonic tuned, de-tuned or

multi-tuned filter designs available■ Externally fused capacitor units

standard■ Blown fuse indication standard■ Integral load interrupter switch,

NEMA 2- or 4-hole termination pad■ Delivered fully assembled, tested

and ready for interconnection■ Integral protection and

control system■ Top or bottom cable entry■ Earthing switch■ 60 kV BIL up to 4.8 kV■ 95 kV BIL from 7.2 kV to 14.4 kV■ Up to 12 automatic switched

capacitor stages■ Warning labels■ Removable air filters without

opening enclosure doors■ Adjustable blocking timers to

prevent re-closing of a capacitor stage in less than 200 seconds

■ Meets the following requirements:❑ ANSI❑ IEEE❑ NEC❑ NESC❑ CSA (when specified)

■ Main incoming fuses are rated 50 kAIC to provide main bus protection, as well as backup protection for the capacitor systems

■ 4.00-inch base channel is standard

Standard Features

EnclosureFree-standing, 11-gauge steel construction with 3-point padlockable latching handles and stainless steel hinges. The enclosure is painted with a corrosion-resistant ANSI 61 light gray enamel paint as standard. Other colors are available as an option. NEMA 3R construction is standard, NEMA 3R stainless steel is available as an option.

Enclosure is UL/CSA approved. Enclo-sure design is modular and future sec-tions can be added on the left or right.

See Figure 35.6-1 for typical dimensions and elevations.

See Figure 35.6-2 for a typical single-line drawing.

Medium Voltage PFC Enclosure

Bottom Plate IncomingCutout Provided Standard

Load Interrupter Air Disconnect SwitchIntegral disconnect switch, externally operated, mechanically chain driven with visible blades is available as per NEC requirements. Disconnect switch is mechanically interlocked with the ground switch, and with the customer’s upstream device (if applicable). Incoming section is front-accessible only for safety, and barrier isolates live connections from the user.

Incoming Section

Ground SwitchA ground switch is provided to ground the load-side terminals of the incoming switch (or MLO) for safety during maintenance. Optional controls are available to permit closing contactors after the grounding switch has been closed to ground capacitors immedi-ately (rather than waiting 5 minutes for full discharge).





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059

Vacuum SwitchesOn 2.4 to 4.8 kV multi-stage capacitor systems, each stage is controlled by low maintenance Eaton “SL” AMPGARD three-pole vacuum contactors.

On 6.6 to 14.4 kV multi-stage capacitor systems, each stage is controlled by low maintenance single-pole vacuum switches.

15 kV Switched Capacitor Stage Enclosure

Vacuum ContactorsThe type SL power contactors were designed and engineered specifically for use in AMPGARD starters. They are self-supporting, compact, three-pole vacuum contactors. The SL contactor uses a solid-state control board, allow-ing the user maximum flexibility to change control voltages and dropout times in the field simply by adjusting DIP switch settings. The SL contactor is available for 2.4 –4.8 kV volts at ratings of 200A and 800A (the highest rated 800A contactor available), and contactor interruption ratings of 8500A allowing for higher levels of coordination with power fuses.

5 kV Switched Capacitor Stage Enclosure

Individual Capacitor FusingEach capacitor is externally fused with current limiting fuses. Fuses are equipped with blown fuse indication. Internally fused capacitors are also available as an option.

Fuses are rated for capacitor protection. All fuses are rated 50 kAIC.

Environmental Controls■ Exhaust fans: Exhaust fans are

provided for forced air ventilation of all enclosures as standard

■ Thermal controls: Thermostats are included as standard to help maintain an acceptable internal environment for all components

■ Space heaters: Space heaters are provided to control moisture and humidity inside all enclosures

■ Each compartment has individual thermostats for fan and space heater controls

CapacitorsLow loss, double-bushing capacitors that meet or exceed IEC 871, IEEE Std. 18 and CSA standards are supplied. Capacitors are available in delta, ungrounded wye or solidly grounded wye. The dielectric fluid is environmentally friendly, biodegrad-able, non-PCB. Capacitor units are equipped with internal discharge resistors which reduce the residual voltage to less than 50V within 5 minutes of de-energization.

Harmonic FilteringEaton’s medium voltage harmonic filter systems are designed for industrial, utility and commercial power systems to improve power factor, reduce harmonic distortion, increase system capacity and reduce I2R losses. The reactors are typically tuned to the 4.7th harmonic, to mitigate the most damaging 5th level harmonic. This is the most common harmonic produced by six pulse variable speed drives. These filters are designed to the unique specifications of each electrical distribution system. Medium voltage capacitor banks can also be configured with de-tuned anti-resonant harmonic filters, typically set to the 4.2nd harmonic. This helps avoid harmonic resonance problems, provides harmonic filter-ing, and avoids the overloading that is possible with an improperly applied filter.

Harmonic Filter Capacitor Stage Enclosure

Key Interlock SystemThe key interlock system controls the sequential operation of the load break switch (or circuit breaker) and the ground switch to permit safe entry into the capacitor system. All capacitor stage enclosures are also interlocked with the ground switch. If applicable, the customer’s upstream disconnect device can be interlocked as well. See Figure 35.6-2 for key interlock opera-tion on a typical single-line drawing.


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060

Blown Fuse Detection SystemA visual pop-up blown fuse detection system is provided as standard.

Control Power TransformerA fused control power transformer rated for 1.5 kVA is provided for protection, control and operation of the capacitor or harmonic filter system.

Surge Protective Device (SPD)An SPD unit is supplied standard for protection of all low voltage controls in the system.

Control PanelA door-in-door NEMA 3R swing-out control panel is provided on the main incoming structure as standard. This unit includes a viewing window so that all controls and information can be viewed without opening the panel. All low voltage controls and logic are accessible from the front of the system, and are isolated from the medium voltage section.

Included:

■ PFC power factor controller■ Multifunction digital meter/relay■ Full voltage LED lights for status,

alarm and trip indication■ Manual stage operation switches■ Any special controls requested by

the customer

Control Panel

Solid-State ControllerAutomatic metal-enclosed capacitors and harmonic filter systems come equipped with an automatic controller that switches each capacitor stage based upon power factor. The cus-tomer simply programs in the target PF to meet. The controller analyzes current PF, the size of each stage, and turns on and off stages to meet the customer’s programmed target. Power factor controller comes with the following alarms as standards:

■ Over/under compensation■ No current input■ Step fault■ Step warning■ Target power factor not reached■ Vthd harmonics■ Lthd harmonics■ Over/undervoltage

Up to 12 steps of capacitance can be designed into any system. Customers can note this feature when designing for future expansions.

CommunicationsCommunications of power factor data via RS-485. Modbus is available as an option. Communicated information from the controllers:

■ Voltage■ Current■ Target power factor■ Current power factor■ Active power■ Apparent power■ Reactive power■ Number of steps in the circuit■ All alarm status■ All counters■ Time and date

Inrush ReactorsInrush reactors are provided as standard on all switched (non-harmonic filtered) capacitor systems for protection against transients from back-to-back switching. Reactors in harmonic filtered applications provide this same protection.

BusContinuous 1/4 x 2 inch silver-plated copper bus rated 600A standard is provided throughout the line-up for easy interconnection, field installation and future expansion.

Phase Bus

Continuous 1/4 x 1 inch silver-plated copper ground bus rated 300A is provided throughout the line-up for easy interconnection, field installation and future expansion. Ground studs are available in all structures for customer connection.

Continuous Ground Bus with Pad in Each Section





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061

Additional Standard Controls and Features■ Three-phase manual current moni-

toring, for maintenance purposes■ Unbalance alarm and unit shutdown

on all wye-connected systems■ Unit alarm and isolated fail-safe

contacts for customer use on all systems. Controls allow sufficient time (5 minutes) to allow the capacitors time to discharge before re-energization can occur

■ Temperature alarms on all harmonic filter units

■ Manual stage controls (H-O-A Selector Switches)

Optional Features

Harmonic Filter ReactorsIron core reactors provide the necessary reactance to tune the capacitor system to a desired frequency. Filters are available in 4.2H, 4.4H, 4.6H, 4.7H or other tuning frequencies. Iron core reactors are 100% copper windings, 115°C rise with 220°C insulation VPI varnish.

Harmonic Filter

Lightning ArrestersOptional heavy-duty distribution class/intermediate/station lightning arrest-ers protect the capacitor system from lightning and switching transients.

15 kV Capacitor Vacuum Switch15 kV capacitor vacuum switch is available in vacuum contactor in oil dielectric or vacuum contactor in solid dielectric. Vacuum switches are certified to ANSI C37.66 Standard.

Harmonic Manager Multifunctional Digital Meter/RelayMultifunctional harmonic manager meter/relay with current and voltage harmonic monitoring and various alarm/trip set points.

Enclosure OptionsNEMA 3R stainless steel construction for highly caustic environments.

Alarm StrobeStrobe light can be provided for visual indication of faults and alarms.

Unbalance ProtectionNeutral PT or CT-based unbalance protection for wye ungrounded capacitor configuration.

Power Cable TerminationIncoming power cable lugs are available when specified.

Time Delayed Enclosure Entry InterlockElectrically controlled solenoid time delay to allow adjustable time delay between opening of main switch and entry into capacitor section.

Heavy-Duty Capacitor UnitsCapacitor units suited to the rigors of industrial power systems for power factor harmonic filter and excessive switching applications. Heavy-duty capacitor units have 125% continuous rms overvoltage capability, 15,000A fault handling capability, 100 kA transient current withstand capability, +55°C (+131°F) ambient temperature operation and 135% peak overvoltage capability.


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062

Dimensions

Figure 35.6-1. Typical Engineered Metal-Enclosed Power Factor Correction System Dimensional Data

Shipping SplitIncoming Main Section

Mai

n S

wit

chG

rou

nd

Sw

itch

92.56(2351.0)

90.33(2294.4)

K1

K1

D1D2D3

Door InterlocksD2D2

180.80(4592.3)

Front Elevation8 Tieddown Pointsper EnclosureFront and Rearfor 1/2 Inch Hardware Rear Access Doors Optional

Base Channel40-Inches High

1.50(38.1)(Typ)

45.00(1143.0)

DangerHigh Voltage

Keep Out

Bottom PowerCable Entry

Right Side Elevation

49.10(1247.1)

NAMEPLATE

DANGER

CAUTION

DANGER

CAUTION CAUTION

DANGERDANGER

CAUTION

D1

DangerHigh Voltage

Keep Out

DangerHigh Voltage

Keep Out

DangerHigh Voltage

Keep Out

Control Panel

D3

13.50(342.9)

15.00(381.0)

13.50(342.9)

49.00(1244.6)

18.00(457.2)

21.79(553.5)

18.00(457.2)

Bottom EntryCover Plate

5.09(129.3)

9.07(230.4)

1.00(25.4)

Front Access 5 Foot Clearance

Floor Plan

Top View

Top EntryControlConduit

4.00 x 4.00

4.00(101.6)

Top EntryMV Conduit

Area19.00

(482.6)

16.00(406.4)

13.00(330.2)

15.00(381.0)

38.00(965.2)

Top PowerCable Entry

Lifting Eyes

24.00(609.6)

18.00(457.2)Customer

CableTermination(ApproximateLocation, SeeActual Unitfor ExactDimensions)

Gourd Bus1/4-inch x 1-inch

Base Channel





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Metal-Enclosed—Medium VoltageLayout Dimensions

063

Figure 35.6-2. Typical Medium Voltage Automatic Power Factor Correction Single-Line Drawing

Alarm or Trip

CapacitorCapacitorCapacitorDelta/Wye Delta/Wye Delta/Wye

Fuse

Reactor

ContactorVacuum

59

TransformerUtility

Utility Line

A-Phase 1

CT

Plant Loads

Feeder Breaker K0

B & CTap On

1-Phase

MainCPT

ControllerPower Factor

BLR-CM

K1

K1K-K Interlock

SwitchGround

Switch

K0

K-K Interlock

ControlS3S2S1

3

CT1 46 Relays

C1C

S1

S1

EnclosureDoor

C1

K-K Interlock (Optional)

AMAS

Main Breaker


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064



Power Factor Capacitor & Harmonic Filter

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