Power-Balance Broadcast in Wireless Mobile AdHoc NetworksJang-Ping Sheu, Yu-Chia Chang, and Hsiu-Pin

g TsaiNational Central University, Chung-Li, 32054,T

aiwanSpeaker ： Hsu-Jui Chang

Outline

Introduction Related work Power-Balance Broadcast Algorithm

Algorithm 1Algorithm 2

Simulation Conclusion

Introduction

Broadcast Support network routing protocol

Two characteristics of broadcast problemSpontaneousUnreliable

Introduction

Flooding problemRedundancy 、 Contention 、 Collision

Battery exhaustion Reduce the network lifetime

Reduce redundant rebroadcast and solve the rebroadcast storm problemSender-based mechanismReceiver-based mechanism

Related work

[7] S.-Y. Ni, Y.-C. Tseng, Y.-S. Chen, and J. P. Sheu,

”The Broadcast Storm Problem in a Wireless Mobile Ad Hoc Network,” in Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, pp. 151-162, Aug. 1999.

Probabilistic scheme The host will rebroadcast with a probability

Counter-based scheme Use counter C to keep track of number of times that the broa

dcast message is received C C-threshold, the rebroadcast is inhibited≧

Power-Balance Broadcast Algorithm Each host determines a rebroadcast

probability Its remaining energyNumber of neighborsAverage remaining energy of its neighbors

GoalBalance the residual battery energy of hostsProlong the network lifetime

Power-Balance Broadcast Algorithm

Power-Balance Broadcast Algorithm

RE(i) > 70%, Pi = 0.9

70% ≧ RE(i) > 40%, Pi = 0.7

RE(i) ≦ 40%, Pi = 0.5

Power-Balance Broadcast Algorithm The main goal

Balance the remaining battery energy of hostsKeep high reachability

Power-Balance Broadcast Algorithm The rebroadcast probability of a host is hig

h and its neighbors have higher remaining energy High reachabilityBroadcast storm problem and waste much en

ergy

Power-Balance Broadcast Algorithm

Power-Balance Broadcast Algorithm The higher value of N_threshold is, the big

ger chance of a host keeping the high rebroadcast probability is

The value of N_threshold is set to 4

Power-Balance Broadcast Algorithm Definition

Pi ： rebroadcast probability of host i

RE(i) ： the remaining energy of host iAvg_NE(i) ： the average remaining energy of

the neighbors of host iNeighbor_No(i) ： the number of neighbors of

host i

Power-Balance Broadcast Algorithm-Algorithm 1

First Each host periodically collects the remaining

energy of its neighbors Second

Determine the rebroadcast probability of each host

Power-Balance Broadcast Algorithm-Algorithm 1

Initial:RE(i) > 70%, Pi = 0.9

70% ≧ RE(i) > 40%, Pi = 0.7

RE(i) ≦ 40%, Pi = 0.5

Power-Balance Broadcast Algorithm-Algorithm 1

Step1: Case 1: Avg_NE(i) 40%≦

RE(i) > 70%, assign Pi = 0.9 70% ≧ RE(i) > 40%, assign Pi = 0.8 RE(i) ≦ 40%, assign Pi = 0.7

Case 2: 40% < Avg_NE(i) 70%≦ Keep Pi as the initial assigned rule

Case 3: Avg_NE(i) > 70% Neighbor_No(i) < N_threshold, Pi is held as before. Neighbor_No(i) ≧N_threshold, assign Pi = Pi *(3/Neighbor_N

o)0.5

Power-Balance Broadcast Algorithm-Algorithm 1

Step2:Generate a random number RN over [0, 1]

RN≦Pi, rebroadcast the received message Otherwise, drop it.

Power-Balance Broadcast Algorithm-Algorithm 2

ProblemReceive the same packets k times

Algorithm 2 Combines the idea of

Algorithm 1 Counter-based scheme

Goal Save the number of redundant rebroadcast

Power-Balance Broadcast Algorithm-Algorithm 2

InitialThe rebroadcast probability Pi is calculated

based on Algorithm 1

Power-Balance Broadcast Algorithm-Algorithm 2

Step 1: Receive a broadcast message M in the first time

go to Step 2 Otherwise, the host is inhibited from rebroadcasting M

Step 2: Generate a random number RN over [0, 1]

RN≦Pi, go to Step 3 otherwise drop the message

Step 3: The host will not rebroadcast M if Rec_No(i) > 3 Otherwise, rebroadcast the message

Simulation

Use Glomosim 2.03 Environment

1000m x 1000m Random way-point movement model Transmission radius ： 250m Transmission rate ： 11M bits/sec Broadcast packet size ： 280 bytes The maximum speed of a host is 5 m/sec Pause time is 30 seconds Transmission power is 3.63W Receiving power is 2.54W Each host broadcasts a 64 bytes beacon in every10 seconds

Simulation-Reachability

Simulation-Lifetime

Simulation-Lifetime

Simulation-Saved Rebroadcast Ratio

Simulation-Saved Rebroadcast Ratio

Simulation-The standard deviation of remaining battery energy

Conclusion

Propose two power-balance broadcast algorithms in wireless networks to extend the network lifetime

Determine the rebroadcast probability Remaining energy information Network density

Advantage Balance the battery energy of hosts Extend the network lifetime without scanting the reach

ability Suit in the environment of high mobility and density