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APPLICATION OF RUBBER TYRE POWDER

IN GRANULAR SOILS

Synopsis of Thesis

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT

FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE

OF

MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY

(STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING)

SUBMITTED BY

RAJWINDER SINGH BANSAL

ROLL NUMBER 81402105008

SUPERVISOR

PROFESSOR SANJEEV NAVAL

HEAD CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

DAVIET JALANDHAR

PTU REGIONAL CENTRE

DAV INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

JALANDHAR

2011

1



TABLE OF CONTENTS

1! I"#$%&'#%" 4

2! L#*$+#'$* S'$,*- 5

.! P$%/* F%$'+#%"

4! O/3*#,*

5! M*#6%&%%7- 8

! F+#* R*'$*& 9%$ :$%:%*& ;%$< 10

! P$%:%*& P+* %9 ;%$< 11

8! R*9*$*"* 12

2



T6* S-"%:

NAME =R+3;"&*$ S"76 B+"+

UNIVERISTY ROLL NUMBER = !4"#!"$""

COURSE = M% Te&h% 'P()* Ti+e,

BRANCH = S*)-&*-)(. En/inee)in/

YEAR OF ADMISSION = #""

OFFICIAL ADDRESS = I""%,+#,* E"7"**$> N+<%&+$

R%+&>

P6+7;+$+

TELEPHONE NUMBER = 01##21$1$3

E?MAIL = )(5in6e)sin/h7(ns(.8)o&9e*+(.%&o+

NUBER OF SUBJECTS PASSED TILL DATE = !# S-7e&*s A.. C.e()e6

PROPOSED TOPIC = APPLICATION OF

RUBBER TYRE POWDER

IN GRANULAR SOILS

3



!% INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION:

Ty)e in his .ife *i+e s-&&essf-..y 7e()s (.. *ypes of .o(6s -n6e) (.. *ypes of 5e(*he)

&on6i*ions% Ho5e;e) +i..ions of s&)(p *y)es ()e 6is&()6e6 (nn-(..y (n6 e;en .()/e n-+7e) is

&-))en*.y s*o&9pi.e6 *h)o-/ho-* *he &o-n*)y &ons-+in/ ;(.-(7.e .(n6 fi.. sp(&e< o) if

i+p)ope).y 6ispose6< p)o;i6in/ ( 7)ee6in/ /)o-n6 fo) +os=-i*oes (n6 )o6en*s% Un*i. )e&en*.y

*o o;e)&o+e *he p)o7.e+ of 6ispos(. of en6 of .ife *y)es< *he +(in op*ion h(s 7een ene)/y

)e&o;e)y in in6-s*)i(. p)o&esses% Ho5e;e) *o en&o-)(/e )e&y&.in/ (n6 )e&o;e)y of en6 of .ife

*y)es (n6 )e-se of *y)e +(*e)i(. in &ons*)-&*ion 5o)9 is one 6ispos(. op*ion%

Af*e) &o+p.e*ion of i*s -sef-. .ife &y&.e i* +i/h* h(;e .os* i*s )o(6 5o)*hiness< i*s o*he)

inhe)en* p)ope)*ies s-&h (s .o5 6ensi*y< hi/h e.(s*i&i*y< .o5 s*iffness< hi/h 6)(in(/e &(p(&i*y

(n6 hi/h *he)+(. ins-.(*ion is s*i.. in*(&*% Be&(-se of i*s .i/h* 5ei/h*< i* &(n 7e -se6 *o so.;e

*he 7e()in/ &(p(&i*y p)o7.e+ of sof* &o+p)essi7.e soi.s%

The )e&en* *)en6s in fin6in/ .i/h*5ei/h* so.-*ion *o /eo*e&hni&(. en/inee)in/ 5o)9s h(s

)es-.*e6 in ;()io-s &ons*)-&*ion *e&hni=-es *h(* ()e 7(se6 on 6e;e.op+en* of ne5 +(*e)i(.s

(n6 &on&ep*s% In *his )ese()&h 5o)9 5e 5i.. -se )-77e) s&)(p in *he fo)+ of po56e) in o)6e) *o

i+p)o;e *he P)ess-)e se**.e+en* &h()(&*e)is*i&s of s(n6y soi.%

Tho-/h *he p)ess-)e se**.e+en*s in *he fie.6 ()e 6e*e)+ine6 7y p.(*e .o(6 *es*< *o si+i.i*-6e

*he &on6i*ion in *he .(7o)(*o)y ( *(n9 5i*h ( foo*in/ sh(.. 7e -se6 %We 5i.. -se )-77e) *y)e

po56e) 5i*h /)(n-.() soi. (* ;()io-s 6ep*hs< 5i*h 6iffe)en* )e.(*i;e 6ensi*ies *o o7se);e *he

.o(6 se**.e+en* 7eh(;io) of soi.%

4



#% LITRATURE RE>IEW

H-/e =-(n*i*y of -n5(n*e6 s&)(p *i)es is 7ein/ /ene)(*e6 e;e)y ye() (n6 )es-.*s in +(o)

en;i)on+en*(. h(?()6s 5o).65i6e% The p)esen* )e&y&.in/ *e&hni=-es of *he s&)(p *i)es +(y

on.y &ons-+e ( ;e)y s+(.. (+o-n* of *he -n5(n*e6 *i)es% The pe)&en*(/e of s&)(p *i)e

)e&y&.e6 is no* &o+p(*i7.e 5i*h *he /)o5*h of s&)(p *i)e% This h(s 7e&o+e ( se)io-s p)o7.e+

in +(ny &o-n*)ies%

Rese()&h in*o *he (pp.i&(*ion of s&)(p *i)es fo) &ons*)-&*ion p-)pose h(s s*()*e6 so+e ye()s

7(&9 in *he 6e;e.ope6 &o-n*)ies .i9e A+e)i&(< A-s*)(.i( (n6 E-)ope 'Lon/ !003, @0 Fo) Ci;i.

En/inee)in/ (pp.i&(*ions< s&)(p *i)es &o-.6 7e -se6 (s s-7/)(6e fi.. (n6 e+7(n9+en*s<

7(&9fi.. fo) 5(.. (n6 7)i6/e (7-*+en*s< sep*i& sys*e+ 6)(in fie.6s< 7e(&h e)osion &on*)o.< (n6

so-n6 (**en-(*ion sys*e+s 'RMA< #""1, @!!% E(+p.es of (pp.i&(*ion of 5ho.e *i)es (s

&ons*)-&*ion +(*e)i(.s &(n 7e fo-n6 in Lon/ '!003, @0 (n6 G()/(@3 OSh(-/hnessy@3

'#""",< 5hi.e *hose of sh)e66e6 *i)es ()e /i;en 7y D)es&he) (n6 Ne5&o+7 '!004, @4< A77o**

'#""!, @!< A+i)9h(ni(n '#""!, @#< O97( e* (.% '#""!, @!"< Gh(ni e* (.% '#""#, @1 (n6 RMA

'#""1, @!!% The -se of 5ho.e s&)(p *i)e 5i*ho-* sh)e66in/ is p)o7(7.y +o)e p)efe)(7.e 7e&(-se

ene)/y is no* 5(s*e6 in f-)*he) p)o&essin/% An e(+p.e of s-&h (pp.i&(*ion 5o-.6 7e *o -se

*he *i)es (s ( )e*(inin/ 5(.. 'G()/( OSh(-/hnessy< #""", @3% A *i)e is &o+pose6 of )-77e)

o) po.y+e) +(*e)i(.s s*)on/.y )einfo)&e6 5i*h syn*he*i& fi7e)s (n6 hi/h s*)en/*h s*ee. 5hi&h

p)o6-&es ( +(*e)i(. h(;in/ -ni=-e p)ope)*ies s-&h (s ;e)y hi/h *ensi.e s*)en/*h< f.ei7i.i*y

(n6 hi/h f)i&*ion(. )esis*(n&e% I*s +e&h(ni&(. p)ope)*ies )e+(in (;(i.(7.e e;en (f*e) i*s

o)6in()y .ife (s ( &() 5hee. e.e+en* h(s epi)e6%

U*i.i?(*ion of s&)(p *i)es (s )einfo)&e+en*< espe&i(..y fo) s.ope )ep(i)s 5o-.6 7e p()*i&-.()

-sef-. *o &o-n*)ies 5he)e s.ope f(i.-)es '.(n6s.i6es, ()e &o++on< (n6 s&)(p *i)es ()e

(7-n6(n*% The (pp.i&(*ion of s&)(p *i)es fo) )einfo)&e+en* )e=-i)es ( /oo6 -n6e)s*(n6in/ of

*he physi&(. (n6 +e&h(ni&(. s*)en/*h p)ope)*ies< (n6 6-)(7i.i*y of *he *i)e% C-))en*.y< *he)e is

.i**.e info)+(*ion (;(i.(7.e% The)e is (.so (pp()en*.y no *es*in/ s*(n6()6 o) /-i6e.ine *h(* is

s-i*(7.e *o *es* *he *ensi.e s*)en/*h of s&)(p *i)e fo) s-&h (n (pp.i&(*ion% In &o-n*)ies .i9e

M(.(ysi(< s&)(p *i)es ()e so+e*i+es -se6 (s f(&in/ e.e+en*s of ( )e*(inin/ 5(..< 7-* no* (s *he

en*i)e sys*e+ 'H-(* e* (.%< #""3, @

%

5



% PROBLEM FORMULATIONS

.!1 B+<7$%'"& %9 #6* :$%/*

Mo6ifi&(*ions of &ons*)-&*ion +(*e)i(.s h(;e (n i+po)*(n* 7e()in/ on *he 7-i.6in/ se&*o)%

Se;e)(. (**e+p*s h(;e 7een *he)efo)e +(6e in *he 7-i.6in/ +(*e)i(. in6-s*)y *o p-* *o -se

5(s*e +(*e)i(. p)o6-&*s< e%/%< 5o)n2o-* *i)es< in*o -sef-. (n6 &os* effe&*i;e i*e+s% S-&&ess in

*his )e/()6 5i.. &on*)i7-*e *o *he )e6-&*ion of 5(s*e +(*e)i(. 6-+pin/ p)o7.e+s 7y -*i.i?in/

*he 5(s*e +(*e)i(.s (s )(5 +(*e)i(. fo) o*he) p)o6-&*s%

The 5(s*e p)o7.e+ &onsi6e)e6 (s one of *he +os* &)-&i(. p)o7.e+s f(&in/ *he 5o).6 (s (

so-)&e of *he en;i)on+en*(. po..-*ion% I* is &on*)i7-*in/ (s ( 6i)e&* fo)+ in po..-*ion *h(*

in&.-6es *he ne/(*i;e effe&*s on *he he(.*h 7y in&)e(sin/ *he 6ise(ses< 6ise(ses ;e&*o)<

pe)&en*(/e of +o)*(.i*y (n6 .o5e)in/ *he s*(n6()6 of .i;in/%

The 5(s*e -s-(..y 6efine6 (s *he (.. )e+(ins *hin/s )es-.*e6 f)o+ p)o6-&*ion< *)(nsfe) (n6

-ses p)o&esses< (n6 in /ene)(. (.. *)(ns+i**e6 *hin/s (n6 )eso-)&es *h(* *he o5ne) o) *he

p)o6-&e) 5(n*s *o 6ispose o) +-s* 6ispose *o p)e;en* *he )is9 on *he he(.*h of *he h-+(n (n6

s(;e *he en;i)on+en* in /ene)(.%

D-)in/ .(s* )e&en* ye()s< +(ny i+p)o;e+en*s in In6i( h(;e o&&-))e6 in (.. p()*s of .ife s-&h

(s so&i(.< in6-s*)i(.< e&ono+i&(. e*&% Li9e (.. &o-n*)ies in *he 5o).6< *his 5i.. .e(6 *o /ene)(*e

ne5 5(ys of .i;in/ (n6 in&)e(se *he h-+(n )e=-i)e+en*s< (n6 5i.. (.so in&)e(se *ypes (n6

=-(n*i*ies of *he 5(s*e in *he In6i(< 5i*ho-* (ny (&*i;e p)o&esses *o p)o;i6e so.-*ion *o *his

p)o7.e+%

One of *he i+po)*(n* *ypes of )e+(ins is 5(s*e *i)es 5hi&h h(;e 7een &.(ssifie6 (s ( p()* of

+-ni&ip(. so.i6 5(s*e 'MSW,< )es-.*e6 f)o+ *he in&)e(se of ;ehi&.e o5ne)ship (n6 *)(ffi&

;o.-+e 5i*hin *he In6i( *e))i*o)ies% This e;en*-(..y 5i.. in&)e(se &ons-+p*ion of *i)es o;e)

*i+e%

C-))en* p)(&*i&es sho5 *h(* )esi6en*s *h)o5 i* )(n6o+.y in 6iffe)en* p.(&es s-&h (s ;(..eys<

)o(6 si6es< open ()e(s< (n6 5(s*e 6-+psi*es in i+p)ope) 5(ys *(9in/ *he +e(ns of open fi)e<

(n6 5i*ho-* &onsi6e)(*ion of )is9 on h-+(n he(.*h (n6 en;i)on+en*% Fi/-)es !%! (n6 !%#

sho5 so+e of *he fo)+s of 6-+pin/ (n6 5)on/ p)(&*i&es fo) 5(s*e *i)es%

6



.!2 B+<7$%'"& %9 #6* :$%/*

W(s*e )-77e) *i)es &(-se en;i)on+en*(. p)o7.e+s (.. o;e) *he 5o).6% One of *he po*en*i(.

+e(ns of -*i.i?in/ *he 5(s*e *i)es is *o p)o&ess *his 5(s*e +(*e)i(. fo) *he p)o*e&*ion of

en;i)on+en* (n6 so&ie*y% In *he p)esen* )ese()&h *he effe&* of 5(s*e *i)e po56e) sh(.. 7e

o7se);e6 in .o(6 se**.e+en* &h()(&*e)is*i&s of *he /)(n-.() soi.s%

7



4% OBECTI>ES

This )ese()&h (i+s *o he.p in (ssis*in/ p()*i(..y *he en;i)on+en*(. iss-e )es-.*e6 f)o+

6isposin/ 5(s*e ;ehi&.e *i)es% The o7e&*i;e of *his )ese()&h is *o in;es*i/(*e *he -*i.i?(*ion of

)-77e) *i)e 'po56e), in poo).y /)(6e6 /)(n-.() soi.s *o o7se);e i+p)o;e+en* in *hei) p)ess-)e

se**.e+en* &h()(&*e)is*i&s%

8



$% METHODOLOG

P.(*e .o(6 *es* is *he fie.6 *es* *o 6e*e)+ine *he -.*i+(*e 7e()in/ &(p(&i*y of soi. (n6 *he

p)o7(7.e se**.e+en* -n6e) ( /i;en .o(6% The *es* essen*i(..y &onsis*s in .o(6in/ ( )i/i6 p.(*e

(n6 *he fo-n6(*ion .e;e. (n6 6e*e)+ines *he se**.e+en* &o))espon6in/ *o e(&h .o(6 in&)e+en*%

The +e*ho6 (ss-+es *h(* 6o5n *o *he 6ep*h of inf.-en&e of s*)esses< *he soi. s*)(*( ()e

)e(son(7.y -nifo)+%

.!1 DETERMINATION OF MATERIAL PROPERTIES

The fo..o5in/ p)ope)*ies of *he )-77e) fi7)e ()e 6e*e)+ine6

!% Spe&ifi& G)(;i*y of R-77e) po56e)

#% R-77e) fi7)e Si?e

.!2 DETERMINATION OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SAND SAMPLES

The fo..o5in/ p)ope)*ies of *he )-77e) fi7)e ()e 6e*e)+ine6

!% Spe&ifi& /)(;i*y

#% D)y Densi*y

% P()*i&.e si?e 6is*)i7-*ion

4% Co+p)ession In6e

$% Unifo)+i*y Co2effi&ien*

3% An/.e of she()in/ )esis*(n&e

.!. E@PERIMENTAL PROGRAMME

.!.!1 F%%#"7

Mo6e. foo*in/ +(6e -p of +i.6 s*ee. 5i.. 7e -se6% The foo*in/ 5i.. 7e

+(&hine6 *o &o))e&* si?e in s*)ip sh(pe% The si?e of *he foo*in/ -se6 5i.. 7e

"%!"+ "%#+%

9



.!.!2 T*# C6+/*$

The si?e of *he *(n9 5i.. 7e 6esi/ne6 9eepin/ in ;ie5 *he si?e of foo*in/ *o 7e

*es*e6 (n6 ?one of inf.-en&e% The insi6e 6i+ensions of *he *(n9 5i.. 7e fie6

(s "%1"+ .on/ < "%"+ 5i6e (n6 !%"+ hi/h % I* 5i.. 7e +(6e of +i.6 s*ee.

(n/.es% The si6es (n6 7o**o+ of *he *(n9 5i.. 7e +(6e -p of $++ *hi&9 +i.6

s*ee. shee*< 5e.6e6 *o *he 7(se f)(+e 5o)9 of s*ee. (n/.es (n6 p.(*es% The f)on*

p(ne. of *he *(n9 5i.. 7e +(6e of ( *)(nsp()en* s.i6e !"++ *hi&9 fi7e) /.(ss

shee*%

.!.!. S+:* :$*:+$+#%"

Mo6e. *es* 5i.. 7e &on6-&*e6 fo) s*)ip foo*in/ )es*in/ on )einfo)&e6 .(ye)e6

s(n6% The s(n6 5i.. 7e p.(&e6 in #"++ .(ye)s (n6 &o+p(&*e6 5i*h *he he.p of

5oo6en )(++e)% The s(n6 5i.. 7e fi..e6 in *he *(n9 5i*h *he he.p of )(inf(..

*e&hni=-e +e*ho6% In *his +e*ho6< hei/h* of f(.. 5i.. 7e (6-s*e6 *o (&hie;e *he

;()io-s 6ensi*ies fo) p.(&in/ *he s(n6% Hei/h* of f(.. 5i.. 7e 9ep* 4""< $"" (n6

3""++ (n6 s(n6 5i.. 7e p(sse6 *h)o-/h ++ sie;e si?e *he 6ensi*ies of *he

s(n6 (* *hese 6ep*hs 5i.. 7e no*e6% The sie;e -se6 5i.. 7e of )e&*(n/-.() sh(pe

h(;in/ 6i+ensions "%3+ .on/ (n6 "%#$+ 5i6e% The .(ye) of )einfo)&e+en*

5i.. 7e p.(&e6 (* ( 6ep*h of "%4 *i+es *he 5i6*h of foo*in/ 7e.o5 *he 7(se of

foo*in/ The n-+7e) of )einfo)&in/ .(ye)s 5i.. 7e ;()ie6 f)o+ *5o *o *h)ee%

The foo*in/ 5i.. 7e posi*ione6 (* *he &en*)e of s(n6 s-)f(&e% The .o(6 5i..

7e (pp.ie6 5i*h *he he.p of hy6)(-.i& (&9% Fo) e(&h in&)e+en* of .o(6 *he

foo*in/ 6efo)+(*ion 5i.. 7e )e&o)6e6 5i*h *he he.p of 6i(. /(-/es%

.!4 PRESSURE SETTLEMENT CURVES

The p.(*e .o(6 *es* 5i.. 7e &on6-&*e6 on *he p)ep()e6 s(+p.es< 5i*ho-* )einfo)&e+en*

s(+p.es h(;in/ )einfo)&e+en* in *he fo)+ of *y)e po56e)< (* 6iffe)en* 6ep*hs% The (/e of

)einfo)&e+en* sh(.. 7e ;()ie6 (n6 *he &o))espon6in/ p)ess-)e se**.e+en*s 5i.. 7e no*e6%

Then *he p)ess-)e se**.e+en* &-);es 5i.. 7e 6)(5n f)o+ *he 6(*(%

10



3% FACILITIES REQUIRED FOR WOR

The Fo..o5in/ Ins*)-+en*sJ+(&hines 5i.. 7e )e=-i)e6 *o &())y o-* *he (7o;e s(i6

Rese()&h 5o)9:

!% T)i (i(. &o+p)ession *es*in/ +(&hine

#% Co)e &-**e)

% Sie;e An(.ysis E=-ip+en*

4% T(n9 fo) &on6-&*in/ P.(*e .o(6 *es* of s(+p.es%

The +(*e)i(.s s-&h (s G)(n-.() soi. R-77e) po56e) *h(* ()e *o 7e -se6< *o &())y o-*

*he (7o;e s(i6 Rese()&h 5o)9:

11



1% PROPOSED PLACE OF WOR

This )ese()&h 5o)9 5i.. 7e 6one (* Geo*e&hni&(. L(7o)(*o)y< D%A%>%I%E%T%< (.(n6h()%

12



% REFERENCES

!% A77o**< G%M%P% '#""!,% The Use of C)-+7 R-77e) f)o+ En6 of Life Ty)es in Spo)* (n6

P.(y G)o-n6% In*e)n(*ion(. Sy+posi-+ of Re&y&.in/ (n6 Re-se of Use6 Ty)es% Uni;e)si*y of

D-n6ee< Uni*e6 in/6o+% !02#" M()&h #""!% >o.% !< B-n6% B 0

#% A+i)9h(ni(n< S%N% '#""!,% U*i.i?(*ion of C)-+7 R-77e) in Asph(.*i& Con&)e*e Mi*-)es K

So-*h C()o.in( Epe)ien&e% In*e)n(*ion(. Sy+posi-+ of Re&y&.in/ (n6 Re-se of Use6 Ty)es%

Uni;e)si*y of D-n6ee< Uni*e6 in/6o+% !02#" M()&h #""!%

% ASTM D4$0$2"$% '#""1,% S*(n6()6 Tes* Me*ho6 fo) Tensi.e P)ope)*ies of Geo*e*i.es 7y

*he Wi6e2Wi6*h S*)ip Me*ho6% ASTM In*e)n(*ion(.%

4% D)es&he)< A% Ne5&o+7< D% '!004,% De;e.op+en* of Desi/n G-i6e.ine fo) Use of

Sh)e66e6 Ti)es (s ( Li/h*5ei/h* Fi.. in Ro(6 S-7/)(6e (n6 Re*(inin/ W(..s% Minneso*(

Dep()*+en* of T)(nspo)*(*ion Repo)* MNJRC204J"4%

$% FHWA2HI20$2"% '!00$, Geosyn*he*i& Desi/n (n6 Cons*)-&*ion G-i6e.ines% FHWA

3% G()/(< >%% OSh(-/hnessy< >% '#""", Ti)e Reinfo)&e6 E()*hfi..% P()* !: Cons*)-&*ion

of ( Tes* Fi..< Pe)fo)+(n&e< (n6 Re*(inin/ W(.. Desi/n% C(n(6i(n Geo*e&hni&(. o-)n(.

1:1$203%

1% Gh(ni< A%N%A%< Ah+(6< F% H(+i)< R% '#""#, >()yin/ Effe&* of Co+p)essi7.e L(ye)s in

Re*(inin/ W(.. B(&9fi..% P)o&ee6in/s of #n6 Wo).6 En/inee)in/ Con/)ess< Se.(n/o): 'H-(* e*

(.% e6%, UPM P)ess< pp% !!42!!3% ISBN 031203"2!4#2"%

% H-(*< B%B%%< H(n< %%< Loh W%C%< A.i< F% A?i?< A%A% '#""3, Re*(inin/ S*)-&*-)es:

Desi/n (n6 Cons*)-&*ions in T)opi&(. Soi.s% Uni;e)si*y P-*)( M(.(ysi( P)ess%

0% Lon/< N%T% '!003, U*i.i?(*ion of Use6 Ty)es in Ci;i. En/inee)in/ K The Pne-so.

Ty)esoi.% P)o&ee6in/s of #n6 In*e)n(*ion(. Con/)ess on En;i)on+en*(. Geo*e&hni&% Os(9(<

(p(n< pp% "02!4%

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