POSTER TEMPLATE BY: Long Acting Insulin for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus Kim Tran, Eric Tang,...
1
POSTER TEMPLATE BY: www.PosterPresentations.com Long Acting Insulin for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus Kim Tran, Eric Tang, Randa Rifai, Udo Oji Touro University, CA Introduction Lantus ® (Insulin Glargine) Conclusions References Contact information Questions, please contact: Kim Tran – [email protected] Eric Tang – [email protected] Udo Oji – [email protected] Randa Rifai – [email protected] OPTIONAL LOGO HERE OPTIONAL LOGO HERE Insulin is a hormone that is important in regulating carbohydrate and fat metabolism in the body. It causes the cells in the muscle, liver, and fat tissues to take up glucose from the blood. This in turns will store as glycogen in the live and muscle tissues. When insulin is absent, glucose remains in the blood and the body begins to use fat as energy source. When long term control of insulin levels fails from the Beta-cells, diabetes mellitus will result. As a consequences, insulin is used to treat patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ref: U.S. National Library of Medicine There are many types of insulin developed for treatments of diabetes mellitus including rapid acting, short acting, intermediate acting, long acting insulin and pre-mixed insulin. These types of insulin have different onset of action and different duration of action. Each insulin prescribed depends on the patient’s individual needs. Many people have to take more than one type of insulin. For example, some people may need to take a long or intermediate acting insulin to provide a basal insulin level throughout the day, along with short or rapid acting insulin to help control blood sugar levels after meals. Many insulins are administered by injection, but many research are developing new ways to take insulin by nasal Lantus Levemi r Levemir ® (Insulin Detemir) INFORMATION •Appearance: clear and colorless solution •Excipients: each 1 mL contains • 100 U (14.2 mg/mL) insulin detemir • 65.4 mcg zinc • 2.06 mg m-cresol • 16.0 mg glycerol • 1.80 mg phenol • 0.89 mg disodium phosphate dihydrate • 1.17 mg sodium chloride • water for injection • pH of approximately 7.4 FORMS: • Multi-dose vial, 10mL • PenFill cartridge, 3mL each • InnoLet, 3mL each • FlexPen, 3mL each • Lantus consists of insulin glargine dissolved in a clear aqueous fluid. Each milliliter of Lantus contains: • 100 Units (3.6378 mg) insulin glargine • Excipients for per ml of a 10 ml- vial include: • 30 mcg zinc • 2.7 mg m-cresol • 20 mg glycerol 85% • 20 mcg polysorbate 20 • Water for injection • The 3 ml cartridge contains the following inactive ingredients per ml: • 30 mcg zinc • 2.7 mg m-cresol • 20 mg glycerol 85% • Water for injection. • The pH is adjusted by addition of aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide and has a pH of approximately 4. Lantus is the first long acting insulin to be approved. It differs from regular insulin as Asn 21 is replaced by Gly in A chain and attached to Arg 31- 32 in B chain. This decreases solubility at physiological pH but maintains solubility in acidic pH of about 4. Therefore, at pH there is increased precipitate and decreased absorption rate. This delayed absorption rate after subcutaneous administration makes it long acting. It is therefore dosed once a day. It has a slow onset of action of 1-1.5 hours and peaks after 4-6 hours. It’s duration of action is 11-24 hours. Ref: U.S. Lantus Packet Insert Levemir, insulin detemir [rDNA origin] injection) is a sterile solution of insulin detemir for use as an injection. It is a clear, colorless, aqueous, neutral sterile solution Insulin detemir is a long-acting basal insulin analog, with up to 24 hours duration of action. Insulin detemir differs from human insulin in that the amino acid threonine in position B30 has been omitted, and a C14 fatty acid chain has been attached to the amino acid B29. Ref: Levemir Diagnosis Pro Ref: Diabetes American Association The importance of long acting insulins also known as basal insulin cannot be overemphasized in controlling blood sugar levels in diabetic patients. The long duration of action helps in improvement of patient compliance. Most importantly, its use mitigate the risks of ketoacidosis and hypoglycemia. CAUTIONS WITH INSULINS: • Do not use in insulin pumps • Do not give IV - risk of hypoglycemnia • Do not give IM - onset is accellerated • Do not mix with any other insulin 1. Brunton LL, Lazo JS, Parker KL. Goodman and Gilman's the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 11th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2005. 2. Katzung BG. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. 10th ed. Norwalk, CT: Appleton and Lange; 2009.
Transcript of POSTER TEMPLATE BY: Long Acting Insulin for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus Kim Tran, Eric Tang,...
POSTER TEMPLATE BY:
www.PosterPresentations.com
Long Acting Insulin for the Treatment of Diabetes MellitusKim Tran, Eric Tang, Randa Rifai, Udo Oji
Touro University, CA
Introduction Lantus ® (Insulin Glargine) Conclusions
References
Contact information
Questions, please contact:
Kim Tran – [email protected] Tang – [email protected] Oji – [email protected] Rifai – [email protected]
OPTIONALLOGO HERE
OPTIONALLOGO HERE
Insulin is a hormone that is important in regulating carbohydrate and fat metabolism in the body. It causes the cells in the muscle, liver, and fat tissues to take up glucose from the blood. This in turns will store as glycogen in the live and muscle tissues. When insulin is absent, glucose remains in the blood and the body begins to use fat as energy source. When long term control of insulin levels fails from the Beta-cells, diabetes mellitus will result. As a consequences, insulin is used to treat patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Ref: U.S. National Library of Medicine
There are many types of insulin developed for treatments of diabetes mellitus including rapid acting, short acting, intermediate acting, long acting insulin and pre-mixed insulin. These types of insulin have different onset of action and different duration of action. Each insulin prescribed depends on the patient’s individual needs. Many people have to take more than one type of insulin. For example, some people may need to take a long or intermediate acting insulin to provide a basal insulin level throughout the day, along with short or rapid acting insulin to help control blood sugar levels after meals. Many insulins are administered by injection, but many research are developing new ways to take insulin by nasal spray or skin patch. The focus of this poster will be on long acting insulin: Lantus and Levemir.
Lantus Levemir
Levemir ® (Insulin Detemir)INFORMATION•Appearance: clear and colorless solution•Excipients: each 1 mL contains
• 100 U (14.2 mg/mL) insulin detemir• 65.4 mcg zinc • 2.06 mg m-cresol• 16.0 mg glycerol• 1.80 mg phenol• 0.89 mg disodium phosphate dihydrate• 1.17 mg sodium chloride• water for injection• pH of approximately 7.4
FORMS:• Multi-dose vial, 10mL • PenFill cartridge, 3mL each • InnoLet, 3mL each• FlexPen, 3mL each
• Lantus consists of insulin glargine dissolved in a clear aqueous fluid. Each milliliter of Lantus contains:• 100 Units (3.6378 mg) insulin glargine• Excipients for per ml of a 10 ml-vial include:
• 30 mcg zinc• 2.7 mg m-cresol• 20 mg glycerol 85%• 20 mcg polysorbate 20• Water for injection
• The 3 ml cartridge contains the following inactive ingredients per ml: • 30 mcg zinc• 2.7 mg m-cresol• 20 mg glycerol 85%• Water for injection.
• The pH is adjusted by addition of aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide and has a pH of approximately 4.
Lantus is the first long acting insulin to be approved. It differs from regular insulin as Asn 21 is replaced by Gly in A chain and attached to Arg 31-32 in B chain. This decreases solubility at physiological pH but maintains solubility in acidic pH of about 4. Therefore, at pH there is increased precipitate and decreased absorption rate. This delayed absorption rate after subcutaneous administration makes it long acting. It is therefore dosed once a day. It has a slow onset of action of 1-1.5 hours and peaks after 4-6 hours. It’s duration of action is 11-24 hours.
Ref: U.S. Lantus Packet Insert
Levemir, insulin detemir [rDNA origin] injection) is a sterile solution of insulin detemir for use as an injection. It is a clear, colorless, aqueous, neutral sterile solution Insulin detemir is a long-acting basal insulin analog, with up to 24 hours duration of action. Insulin detemir differs from human insulin in that the amino acid threonine in position B30 has been omitted, and a C14 fatty acid chain has been attached to the amino acid B29.
Ref: Levemir Diagnosis ProRef: Diabetes American Association
The importance of long acting insulins also known as basal insulin cannot be overemphasized in controlling blood sugar levels in diabetic patients. The long duration of action helps in improvement of patient compliance. Most importantly, its use mitigate the risks of ketoacidosis and hypoglycemia.
CAUTIONS WITH INSULINS:• Do not use in insulin pumps• Do not give IV - risk of hypoglycemnia• Do not give IM - onset is accellerated• Do not mix with any other insulin
1. Brunton LL, Lazo JS, Parker KL. Goodman and Gilman's the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 11th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2005.
2. Katzung BG. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. 10th ed. Norwalk, CT: Appleton and Lange; 2009.
