Postclosure Nuclear Safety Design BasesPostclosure Nuclear Safety Design Bases . Prepared for: U.S....

DOC.20080226.0002

QA: QA

ANL-WIS-MD-000024 REV 01

February 2008

Postclosure Nuclear Safety Design Bases

Prepared for: U.S. Department of Energy Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management Office of Repository Development 1551 Hillshire Drive Las Vegas, Nevada 89134-6321

Prepared by: Sandia National Laboratories OCRWM Lead Laboratory for Repository Systems 1180 Town Center Drive Las Vegas, Nevada 89144

Under Contract Number DE-AC04-94AL85000

DISCLAIMER

This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neitherthe United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, nor any of their contractors,subcontractors or their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability orresponsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or any third party’s use or the results of such use of any information,apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights.Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the UnitedStates Government or any agency thereof or its contractors or subcontractors. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.

DISCLAIMER

This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, nor any of their contractors, subcontractors or their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or any third party’s use or the results of such use of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof or its contractors or subcontractors. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.

ANL-WIS-MD-000024 REV 01 February 2008

QA: QA


ANL-WIS-MD-000024 REV 01

February 2008

ANL-WIS-MD-000024 REV 01 February 2008

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The development of this document reflects much insightful and thorough input from several sources, especially from people mentioned on the signature page which include contributors, checkers, reviewers, and the document preparation staff. All of their efforts are most appreciated.

ANL-WIS-MD-000024 REV 01 iii February 2008

INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

ANL-WIS-MD-000024 REV 01 iv February 2008


Page v1. Tolal Pages: 412

POnied Narre

Roger J. Henning

James Kam {Le.ld Checker}

Scientific Analysis/CalculationSignature Page/Change History

Compjete only applicable items.

John Devers

.. ."li;~'~~~V~~~hJ1·····-·--rK~;h~~KI;O~t.i~.~.~.••••...

6 QCSJLead ,-"b QA He"cwer

5 Cheder

4. Originator

3. 01 (Including RlNisioo No. and AddendUm No.)

ANL-WIS·MD-000024 REV 01

9. Remarks

Contributors: Robert MacKinnon. Ralph Wagner, Steve Goodin and Richard Snell.

Additional Contributors: ClifTHo, David Sassani, David Sevougian. Frank Hansen, James Blink. JamesIlouseworth, Kathy Turnham. Laura Price, Lorenzo Salgado. Patrick Brady, Ming Zhu, James Cunnane. and NeilBrown.

Additional Checkers: David Stahl, Emma Thomas. Kenneth Rehfeldt, Russell Jarek, Stephanie Kuzio, StevenAlcorn, Cliff Howard. John W. Kelly, Charles Haukwa. Dwayne Kicker. Jeffrey Gromny.Reviewers: Robert Andrews, David Franklin, Erncslllardin, t'rank Hansen, J. S. Whitcran, Jack Bailey, JamesLinhart, Ming Zhu, Neil Brown, Prasad Nair. Robert H. Spencer. Rob Howard, Robert Gllrren, Terry Crump, AlanRoss. Daniel Levin, and Danny Howard.

Document-Preparation Slaff: Anita Walker. Bonnie Gabaldon. Connie Beglinger, Danette Nurse, Madbu·Shrivastava. Valerie Kelly, faith Puffer. and Caroline Parks.

Ch.ng. History................... . .•........•

10. Re.,ostOn ~anc!.!'



ANL-WIS-MD-000024 REV 01 vi February 2008


CONTENTS

Page

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................................. iii

ACRONYMS............................................................................................................................... xiii

1. PURPOSE.............................................................................................................................. 1-1

2. QUALITY ASSURANCE..................................................................................................... 2-1

3. USE OF SOFTWARE ........................................................................................................... 3-1

4. INPUTS.................................................................................................................................. 4-1

4.1 DIRECT INPUTS......................................................................................................... 4-1

4.2 CRITERIA.................................................................................................................... 4-9 4.3 CODES, STANDARDS, AND REGULATIONS...................................................... 4-10

5. ASSUMPTIONS.................................................................................................................... 5-1

6. SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS DISCUSSION............................................................................. 6-1

6.1 BARRIER ANALYSIS ................................................................................................ 6-4

6.1.1 Definitions ........................................................................................................ 6-5

6.1.2 Identification of Barriers................................................................................. 6-10

6.1.3 Identification of Features ................................................................................ 6-16

6.1.4 Description of Processes and Events .............................................................. 6-19

6.1.5 Methodology for Important to Barrier Capability/Important to Waste

Isolation Evaluation ........................................................................................ 6-28

6.1.6 Core and Control Parameter Characteristics................................................... 6-30

6.1.7 Integration of the Performance Confirmation Program.................................. 6-35

6.1.8 Methodology for Postclosure Change Evaluation .......................................... 6-36

6.2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND DEMONSTRATION OF MULTIPLE

BARRIERS................................................................................................................. 6-37

6.2.1 Identification of Barriers................................................................................. 6-40

6.2.2 Barrier Capability Description........................................................................ 6-51

6.2.3 Technical Bases for Barrier Capability......................................................... 6-100

6.2.4 Summary....................................................................................................... 6-108

6.3 NON-BARRIER-SPECIFIC FEATURES EVENTS AND PROCESSES .............. 6-110

7. CONCLUSIONS.................................................................................................................... 7-1

8. INPUTS AND REFERENCES............................................................................................ 7-42

8.1 DOCUMENTS CITED................................................................................................. 8-1

8.2 CODES, STANDARDS, REGULATIONS, AND PROCEDURES............................ 8-8

8.3 PRODUCT OUTPUT................................................................................................... 8-9

ANL-WIS-MD-000024 REV 01 vii February 2008


APPENDIX A �ITBC EVALUATION AND PARAMETER DESCRIPTION FOR THE

BARRIERS...................................................................................................... A-1

ANL-WIS-MD-000024 REV 01 viii February 2008


FIGURES

Page

6-1. Relationship between FEPs; Core Parameter Characteristics; Control Parameter Characteristics; and Design-Related Systems, Structures, and Components .................. 6-8

6-2. Relationship between ITS, ITWI, ITBC and Control Parameter Characteristics

and Core Parameter Characteristics and Their Controlling or Monitoring Mechanisms ..................................................................................................................... 6-9

6-3. Schematic Illustration of the Multiple Barrier Repository System................................ 6-14

6-4. Schematic of ITBC/ITWI Process with Ties to Performance Confirmation

Activities ........................................................................................................................ 6-15

6-5. Schematic of the Upper Natural Barrier ........................................................................ 6-44

6-6. Schematic of the Engineered Barrier System ................................................................ 6-46

6-7. Schematic of the Lower Natural Barrier........................................................................ 6-50

6-8. Unsaturated Zone below the Repository Horizon.......................................................... 6-52

ANL-WIS-MD-000024 REV 01 ix February 2008



ANL-WIS-MD-000024 REV 01 x February 2008


TABLES

Page

4-1. Source of Inputs ............................................................................................................... 4-2

4-2. Cross Reference for Information Categories in 10 CFR Part 63 ................................... 4-10

6-1. Source of Indirect Inputs.................................................................................................. 6-1 6-2. Features/Components for Each of the Three Barriers.................................................... 6-16

6-3. Mapping of Processes and Events to Features/Components of the Three Barriers ....... 6-18

6-4. Relationship among TSPA Model Components, Submodels, and

Abstraction/Process Model(s)/Analysis(es)................................................................... 6-22

6-5. Core Parameter Characteristics...................................................................................... 6-31

6-6. Control Parameter Characteristics ................................................................................. 6-33

6-7. NUREG-1804 and 10 CFR Part 63 Crosswalk Table.................................................... 6-39

6-8. Non-Barrier-Specific Features and Events .................................................................. 6-110

7-1. ITWI Features / Components Supporting Each of the Three Barriers............................. 7-5

7-2. ITBC Features / Components and ITBC Parameter Characteristics of Upper

Natural Barrier ............................................................................................................... 7-10 7-3. ITBC Features / Components and ITBC Parameter Characteristics of Engineered

Barrier System ............................................................................................................... 7-12 7-4. ITBC Features / Components and ITBC Parameter Characteristics of Lower

Natural Barrier ............................................................................................................... 7-26 7-5. Summary of Classification of Control Parameter Characteristics by Engineering

Subsystem Categorization1 ............................................................................................ 7-29

A-1. ITBC Analysis of Upper Natural Barrier FEPs .............................................................. A-1

A-2. ITBC Analyses of Engineered Barrier System FEPs.................................................... A-30

A-3. ITBC Analysis of Lower Natural Barrier FEPs.......................................................... A-168

ANL-WIS-MD-000024 REV 01 xi February 2008



ANL-WIS-MD-000024 REV 01 xii February 2008


ACRONYMS

BSC Bechtel SAIC Co. LLC

CFR Code of Federal Regulations

DOE U.S. Department of Energy

EBS Engineered Barrier System

FEPs features, events, and processes

HLW high-level (radioactive) waste

ITBC important to barrier capability ITWI important to waste isolation

LNB Lower Natural Barrier

NRC U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission

PGV peak ground velocity PoNSDB Postclosure Nuclear Safety Design Basis

RMEI reasonably maximally exposed individual

SSC structure, system, and component SNF spent nuclear fuel SNL Sandia National Laboratories

TSPA total system performance assessment TWP technical work plan

UNB Upper Natural Barrier

YMP Yucca Mountain Project

ANL-WIS-MD-000024 REV 01 xiii February 2008



ANL-WIS-MD-000024 REV 01 xiv February 2008


1. PURPOSE

This report, the Postclosure Nuclear Safety Design Basis (PoNSDB) has been prepared to meet regulatory requirements of the 10 CFR 63.113(a) and 63.115 [DIRS 180319]), and to provide a risk-informed analysis of the postclosure technical basis for multiple barriers. Specifically, 10 CFR 63.113(a) [DIRS 180319] provides requirements for multiple barriers as part of performance objectives for the geologic repository after permanent closure; and 10 CFR 63.115 [DIRS 180319] provides requirements for the identification of, description of, and technical basis for the multiple barriers.

This document provides extensive lists of features of the barriers and rationale as to why these barriers are important to waste isolation (ITWI) and why the features important to barrier capability (ITBC) may support such an ITWI classification (if that feature/component contributes significantly to barrier capability relative to the other features/components of the barrier). It also describes some features that are ITBC that are not significant enough to support that feature being classified as ITWI. The methodology for the identification of ITBC core and control parameter characteristics and ITWI barrier features/components is described in this document. The process starts with the examination of features, events, and processes (FEPs) and their screening justifications. As the FEPs form the basis of technical support for the TSPA, this approach is efficient and comprehensive for this purpose. The description of the FEPs and screening justifications suggest a division of the repository system into barriers, and barriers into features/components. Parameter characteristics associated with each FEP relative to the features/components of each barrier are identified. The FEP screening justification supports the further identification of parameter characteristics that are ITBC relative to each barrier feature/component. Finally, if the features/components are associated with at least one ITBC parameter characteristic, and that feature/component contributes significantly to the barrier capability relative to the other features/components of the barrier, then that feature/component is ITWI. All barriers are ITWI and are associated with one or more ITWI feature/components.

This document identifies features/components of barriers that are important to waste isolation as well as features/components and parameter characteristics that are important to barrier capability (definitions developed specifically for use in this report are contained in Section 6.1.1). Capability as used in this document is not synonymous with performance. Performance, as defined in this report, is the realization of a capability as modeled in the Total System Performance Assessment (TSPA). Capability is broadly used to refer to the ability or potential of a feature/component to contribute to a function of a barrier. The identification of a parameter characteristic as contributing to the capability of a barrier’s feature/component is not intended to suggest any importance of the capability or to suggest that the feature/component is important to waste isolation. The importance of the capability is instead identified through its ITBC status, and the importance of the barrier and its features/components are identified through their ITWI status. While the features/components of all ITWI barriers and their associated ITBC parameter characteristics are considered in the Performance Assessment, some capabilities and features/components may not necessarily be fully realized in the TSPA because some reasonable conservative assumptions are invoked during TSPA implementation or because a capability may be masked by the performance of another capability. Features of the engineered system are identified as structure, system, and component (SSC) in design. For this report, the term features/components will be used to maintain uniformity of terminology between the barriers,

ANL-WIS-MD-000024 REV 01 1-1 February 2008


some of which are natural. Parameter characteristics are aspects of the barrier feature/component that contribute to the feature/component capability, and support the technical basis of the TSPA. Parameter characteristics are categorized into two groups. The first group, ‘core parameter characteristics,’ contains those characteristics that are not controlled or manipulated by design, construction, or operations and contribute to barrier capability. The second group, ‘control parameter characteristics,’ contains those characteristics that are able to be manipulated, controlled, and monitored by design, construction, or operations and contribute to barrier capability. A core and control parameter characteristic is further specified to be ITBC if it 1) prevents or substantially reduces the rate of movement of water from the repository to the accessible environment; 2) prevents the release or substantially reduces the release rate of radionuclides from the waste; 3) prevents or substantially reduces the rate of movement of radionuclides from the repository to the accessible environment, or 4) prevents or substantially reduces the consequences of disruptive events (e.g. criticality).

The major activities documented in this report are two: (1) conduct the barrier analysis, and (2) develop core parameter characteristics and analyze control parameter characteristics. For natural and engineered barriers that are ITWI, the tasks associated with these two activities:

1. Describe the three ITWI barriers (Upper Natural Barrier (UNB), the Engineered Barrier System (EBS), and the Lower Natural Barrier (LNB)).

2. Evaluate barrier capability, including assessment of the technical bases, and evaluation of ITBC parameter characteristics and supporting the ITWI determination.

This report serves as a companion document to Nuclear Safety Design Bases for License Application (BSC 2005 [DIRS 175546]). A second report, Postclosure Modeling and Analyses Design Parameters (BSC 2008 [DIRS 183627]), complements this report because of its emphasis on derived requirements and interface control parameters related to postclosure design components. This scientific analysis was conducted consistent with the Technical Work Plan for: Postclosure Nuclear Safety Design Bases (SNL 2007 [DIRS 182648]) except as noted in Section 2.

This analysis is intended to identify and document technical interfaces between postclosure analyses and repository design regarding the safety classification of systems, structures and components, and the design bases for SSCs classified as important to waste isolation.



2. QUALITY ASSURANCE

The analysis documented herein is subject to the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management Quality Assurance Program as documented in the relevant technical work plan (TWP) TWP-WIS-MD-000015 (SNL 2007 [DIRS 182648], Section 8.1). This work constitutes an analysis report, therefore, the document was prepared in accordance with SCI-PRO-005, Scientific Analyses and Calculations. Approved quality assurance procedures and guidance documents were used to conduct and document the activities described in this report as outlined in the TWP (SNL 2007 [DIRS 182648], Section 4.1). The TWP (SNL 2007 [DIRS 182648], Section 8.4) also identifies applicable controls for the electronic management of data during the analysis and documentation activities. There are three deviations from the TWP. The first deviation is that a methodology for determination of features, events, and processes that are important to performance is now covered in an addendum to the Performance Confirmation Plan (SNL 2008 [DIRS 184797], Appendix A). The methodology (specifically important to dose, and significance to uncertainty) as originally intended in the TWP (SNL 2007 [DIRS 182648]) for this product is now covered in that document (SNL 2008 [DIRS 184797], Appendix A). The second deviation is that, the TWP stated: “Finally, the PoNSDB document will identify performance confirmation activities, as applicable, for FEPs that are ITBC.” That information is now better presented in the Performance Confirmation Plan (SNL 2008 [DIRS 184797], Appendix A) and is not presented in this document. The third deviation is that, because changes are so extensive in this revision, all comments from November 2006 LP 7.5Q OCRWM review of ANL-WIS-MD-000024 were not directly addressed. Technical issues were considered and resolved. Editorial comments were overcome by completely new text and could not be mapped directly to the new text.



3. USE OF SOFTWARE

No software required to be qualified in accordance with IM-PRO-003, Software Management was used in developing this report. Standard functions of Microsoft Excel 2000 commercial-offthe-shelf software were used, but only for organizational purposes.



4. INPUTS

This report uses the information and decisions developed in other reports as references and utilizes professional judgment. This work does not involve separate modeling or analyses using previously developed models and, as such, this report does not require model validation.

All direct inputs (data, parameters, and other information) used in this scientific analysis are identified in Section 4.1. Direct inputs used in this analysis report were obtained from controlled source documents and other sources in accordance with SCI-PRO-004, Managing Technical Product Inputs. NUREG-1804 (NRC 2003 [DIRS 163274]) lists some specific acceptance criteria that are addressed in this report which are identified in Section 4.2.

4.1 DIRECT INPUTS

Direct inputs used in the analyses are listed in Table 4-1. Indirect inputs are described in Section 6. These sources are appropriate for this analysis because they are dedicated to the technical understanding of processes and/or events that act on the features comprising the three barriers (UNB, EBS, and LNB) considered in this analysis. This type of input is directly applicable to the analysis discussed in Section 6 and Appendix A.

All data used from external sources and non-conclusion sections of direct input sources have either been qualified for intended use in Features, Events, and Processes for the Total System Performance Assessment: Analyses (SNL 2008 [DIRS 183041]) or other Analysis/Model Reports, as cited. The only use in this report is to analyze barrier capabilities, not to present any new information.



Tabl

e 4-

1.

Sou

rce

of In

puts

Cita

tion

Sour

ce T

itle

Spec

ifica

lly U

sed

From

Spec

ifica

llyU

sed

In (t

his

AM

R)

Inpu

t Des

crip

tion

NA

C 5

34, 2

006

[DIR

S 1

5187

3]

NA

C (N

evad

aA

dmin

istra

tive

Cod

e) 5

34

NA

C 5

34.4

371

Tabl

e A

-1

Exi

stin

g op

en s

ite in

vest

igat

ion

bore

hole

s ar

e ex

pect

ed to

be

back

fille

d an

d pl

ugge

d to

the

uppe

r 10

ft w

ith c

emen

t acc

ordi

ng to

NA

C 5

34.4

371

BS

C 2

004

[DIR

S 1

6610

7]

Drif

t Deg

rada

tion

Ana

lysi

s S

ectio

ns 6

.3, 6

.3.1

.2,

6.4.

2.2,

6.3

.1.2

, and

6.

4.2.

2

Tabl

e A

-2

Ther

mal

-hyd

rolo

gic

effe

cts

from

drif

t col

laps

e in

duce

d by

a s

eism

ic e

vent

in

clud

e an

incr

ease

in th

e te

mpe

ratu

re a

nd a

n in

crea

se in

the

prob

abili

ty a

nd

mag

nitu

de o

f see

page

BS

C 2

004

[DIR

S 1

6998

7]

CS

NF

Was

te F

orm

D

egra

datio

n: S

umm

ary

Abs

tract

ion

Sec

tions

6.1

, 6.2

,6.

2.1,

6.3

.1

Tabl

e A

-2

FEP

not

onl

y en

com

pass

es th

e st

ruct

ure

and

com

posi

tion

of th

e C

SN

F, it

als

o ad

dres

ses

alte

ratio

n, d

egra

datio

n, a

nd d

isso

lutio

n of

the

was

te fo

rm. T

hese

pr

oces

ses

can

influ

ence

the

mob

iliza

tion

of ra

dion

uclid

es

Sec

tions

6.3

.1, T

able

6-2

Tabl

e A

-2

Rel

ease

from

the

gap

and

grai

n bo

unda

ries

is a

sm

all f

ract

ion

of th

e to

tal

inve

ntor

y B

SC

200

4 [D

IRS

169

988]

D

efen

se H

LW G

lass

D

egra

datio

n M

odel

S

ectio

n 6.

9 Ta

ble

A-2

D

iffer

ence

s in

was

te in

vent

ory

of th

e di

ffere

nt w

aste

form

s ha

ve b

een

incl

uded

in

the

eval

uatio

n of

bar

rier c

apab

ility

BS

C 2

004

[DIR

S 1

7003

5]

Con

cept

ual M

odel

and

N

umer

ical

App

roac

hes

for

Uns

atur

ated

Zon

e Fl

owan

d Tr

ansp

ort

Sec

tions

6.2

.5 a

nd6.

3.6.

3 Ta

ble

A-3

D

ispe

rsiv

e pr

oces

ses

tend

to b

e in

effe

ctiv

e in

the

unsa

tura

ted

zone

in

spre

adin

g sh

ort-t

erm

tran

sien

t rel

ease

s fro

m th

e E

BS

Cra

ig, R

.W. 2

001

[DIR

S 1

7141

1]

Exc

avat

ion-

Indu

ced

Frac

ture

Stu

dy

p. 1

6 Ta

ble

A-2

Th

e ex

tent

of e

xcav

atio

n da

mag

e in

repo

sito

ry d

rifts

will

not

affe

ct m

echa

nica

l re

spon

se

BS

C 2

004

[DIR

S 1

7176

4]

See

page

Cal

ibra

tion

Mod

el a

nd S

eepa

ge

Test

ing

Dat

a

Sec

tions

6.3

.2,

6.3.

3.2,

and

6.6

.3.1

Ta

ble

A-1

K

ey p

aram

eter

s af

fect

ing

flow

div

ersi

on, a

nd th

e as

soci

ated

par

amet

er

unce

rtain

ties,

are

incl

uded

in th

e pe

rform

ance

ass

essm

ent

BS

C 2

005

[DIR

S 1

7223

2]

Drif

t-Sca

le C

oupl

ed

Pro

cess

es (D

ST

and

TH

See

page

) Mod

els

Sec

tions

6.1

.1,

6.2.

4,

8.1

Tabl

e A

-1

Effe

cts

of re

satu

ratio

n of

hos

t roc

k ar

ound

em

plac

emen

t drif

ts d

ue to

was

te

cool

ing

are

only

sig

nific

ant f

or fi

rst s

ever

al h

undr

ed to

a fe

w 1

,000

yea

rs, a

nd

are

insi

gnifi

cant

ove

r the

per

iod

of g

eolo

gic

stab

ility

BS

C 2

004

[DIR

S 1

7245

3]

DS

NF

and

Oth

er W

aste

Fo

rm D

egra

datio

n A

bstra

ctio

n

Sec

tion

6.3

Tabl

e A

-2

An

uppe

r-bo

und

mod

el is

use

d in

TS

PA

to m

odel

deg

rada

tion

of a

ll of

the

DS

NF

fuel

type

s ot

her t

han

Nav

al S

NF

SN

L 20

08 [D

IRS

173

869]

S

cree

ning

Ana

lysi

s of

C

ritic

ality

Fea

ture

s,

Eve

nts,

and

Pro

cess

es fo

rLi

cens

e A

pplic

atio

n

Sec

tion

6.3

Tabl

e A

-2

Con

ditio

ns re

quire

d to

lead

to in

-pac

kage

crit

ical

ity a

re n

ot li

kely

to o

ccur

and

th

e pa

ram

eter

cha

ract

eris

tics

asso

ciat

ed w

ith In

-Pac

kage

Crit

ical

ity (d

egra

ded

conf

igur

atio

n) d

o no

t sub

stan

tially

effe

ct th

e re

leas

e of

radi

onuc

lides

or i

mpa

ct

the

barr

ier c

apab

ility

Sec

tion

6.3

Tabl

e A

-2

Effe

cts

of ra

dioa

ctiv

e ga

ses

in th

e E

BS

wer

e an

alyz

ed a

nd w

ere

foun

d to

be

inco

nseq

uent

ial t

o re

posi

tory

per

form

ance

S

ectio

ns 6

.4, 6

.5 a

nd6.

6 Ta

ble

A-2

C

ondi

tions

requ

ired

to le

ad to

nea

r-fie

ld c

ritic

ality

are

not

like

ly to

occ

ur, a

nd

the

para

met

er c

hara

cter

istic

s as

soci

ated

with

this

pro

cess

and

feat

ure

do n

ot

subs

tant

ially

effe

ct th

e re

leas

e of

radi

onuc

lides

or i

mpa

ct th

e ba

rrie

r



Tabl

e 4-

1.

Sou

rce

of In

puts

(Con

tinue

d)

Cita

tion

Sour

ce T

itle

Spec

ifica

lly U

sed

From

Spec

ifica

llyU

sed

In (t

his

AM

R)

Inpu

t Des

crip

tion

SN

L 20

07 [D

IRS

176

828]

S

eism

ic C

onse

quen

ce

Abs

tract

ion

Sec

tions

6.1

1.1.

3 an

d6.

11.2

Ta

ble

A-2

Li

thop

hysa

l hos

t roc

k is

exp

ecte

d to

col

laps

e in

to th

e em

plac

emen

t drif

ts fo

r un

likel

y pe

ak g

roun

d ve

loci

ties

abov

e 2

m/s

Sec

tion

6.11

.4

Tabl

e A

-2

It is

not

exp

ecte

d th

at fa

ults

will

sig

nific

antly

affe

ct th

e de

grad

atio

n of

the

EB

S,

at a

nnua

l rec

urre

nce

inte

rval

s of

abo

ut 1

0�7

per y

ear a

nd le

ssS

ectio

n 6.

11.5

Ta

ble

A-2

P

oten

tial d

amag

e to

was

te p

acka

ges

and

drip

shi

elds

from

dis

plac

emen

t on

thes

e fa

ults

is in

clud

ed in

the

TSP

A M

odel

Sec

tion

6.7

Tabl

e A

-2

Bar

rier c

apab

ility

of C

SN

F cl

addi

ng is

not

impo

rtant

bec

ause

cla

ddin

g ca

n be

da

mag

ed b

y se

ism

ic a

ctiv

ity th

at d

oes

not d

amag

e th

e w

aste

pac

kage

Sec

tions

6.7

.3.1

,6.

7.3.

2, 6

.8, a

nd 6

.8.5

Tab

le A

-2

Axi

al s

epar

atio

n of

adj

acen

t drip

shi

elds

is e

xclu

ded

from

the

TSP

A m

odel

be

caus

e a

kine

mat

ic s

tudy

indi

cate

s th

at s

mal

l sta

tic lo

ads

from

rubb

le o

r fri

ctio

nal l

oads

bet

wee

n E

BS

com

pone

nts

are

suffi

cien

t to

elim

inat

e ax

ial

sepa

ratio

n of

drip

shi

elds

S

ectio

ns 6

.1.2

, 6.1

.3

Tabl

e A

-2

Cha

nges

con

figur

atio

n of

EB

S c

ompo

nent

s w

ithin

the

empl

acem

ent d

rifts

SN

L 20

07 [D

IRS

177

391]

S

atur

ated

Zon

e S

ite-S

cale

Flow

Mod

el

Sec

tion

6.6.

4.1

Tabl

e A

-3

Clim

ate

chan

ge a

lters

the

flux

thro

ugh

the

satu

rate

d zo

ne b

y in

crea

sing

the

regi

onal

rech

arge

and

cau

sing

the

wat

er ta

ble

to ri

seS

NL

2007

[DIR

S 1

7739

6]

Rad

ionu

clid

e Tr

ansp

ort

Mod

els

Und

er A

mbi

ent

Con

ditio

ns

Sec

tions

6.7

.5 a

nd6.

8.1.

2 Ta

ble

A-3

Fa

ults

are

impo

rtant

to u

nsat

urat

ed z

one

trans

port

beca

use

they

pro

vide

fast

pa

thw

ays

for r

adio

nucl

ide

trans

port

to th

e w

ater

tabl

e S

ectio

ns 6

.1.1

and

6.1.

2 Ta

ble

A-3

Fr

actu

re-r

elat

ed tr

ansp

ort p

roce

sses

/pro

perti

es in

clud

e fra

ctur

e pe

rmea

bilit

y,

poro

sity

, fre

quen

cy, a

ctiv

e fra

ctur

e m

odel

, mat

rix d

iffus

ion

coef

ficie

nt, s

orpt

ion,

an

d co

lloid

filtr

atio

nS

NL

2007

[DIR

S 1

7740

7]

EB

S R

adio

nucl

ide

Tran

spor

t Abs

tract

ion

Sec

tion

6.2.

1.1

Tabl

e A

-1

Dis

cuss

ion

of tw

o-ph

ase

buoy

ant f

low

incl

uded

in m

odel

s of

ther

mal

see

page

an

d th

erm

al h

ydro

logy

Sec

tion

5, 6

Ta

ble

A-2

S

eepa

ge o

r con

dens

atio

n pr

oces

ses

are

sign

ifica

nt m

ode

of re

leas

e th

at

subs

tant

ially

impa

cts

the

trans

port

of ra

dion

uclid

esS

ectio

n 6.

3.1.

1 Ta

ble

A-2

A

dvec

tive

rele

ases

are

mor

e si

gnifi

cant

from

a s

yste

m p

erfo

rman

ce

pers

pect

ive

beca

use

rele

ases

occ

ur in

to th

e fra

ctur

es o

f the

uns

atur

ated

zon

e be

low

the

repo

sito

ry, w

hile

diff

usiv

e re

leas

es a

re re

leas

ed to

the

slow

ertra

nspo

rt in

the

mat

rix o

f the

uns

atur

ated

feat

ures

Sec

tion

6.3.

1.2

Tabl

e A

-2

Col

loid

s an

d as

soci

ated

radi

onuc

lides

are

imm

obili

zed,

and

true

col

loid

s m

aydi

ssol

ve b

ecom

ing

subj

ect t

o aq

ueou

s tra

nspo

rt if

cond

ition

s ar

e no

t sta

ble

Sec

tion

6.3.

1.2

Tabl

e A

-2

The

proc

ess

of d

ecay

and

ingr

owth

of r

adio

nucl

ides

is in

clud

ed in

the

TSP

A

Sec

tion

6.3.

2.4

Tabl

e A

-2

Ther

mal

env

ironm

ent h

as a

dire

ct e

ffect

on

tem

pera

ture

and

hum

idity

in th

e em

plac

emen

t drif

ts, w

hich

con

trol t

he c

orro

sion

env

ironm

ent,

and

the

cond

ition

s fo

r rad

ionu

clid

e m

obili

zatio

n an

d re

leas

eS

ectio

n 6.

3.3

Tabl

e A

-2

Flow

div

ersi

on, w

hen

com

bine

d w

ith th

e la

ck o

f adv

ectio

n th

roug

h th

e w

aste

pa

ckag

e, re

sults

in o

nly

the

pote

ntia

l for

diff

usiv

e re

leas

es fr

om th

e w

aste

form

an

d w

aste

pac

kage

if th

e w

aste

pac

kage

has

deg

rade

d fe

atur

esS

ectio

n 6.

3.4

Tabl

e A

-2

Diff

usiv

e tra

nspo

rt is

con

serv

ativ

ely

spec

ified

to o

ccur

thro

ugh

a co

ntin

uous

w

ater

film

on

the

surfa

ces

of th

e E

BS

feat

ures



Tabl

e 4-

1.

Sou

rce

of In

puts

(Con

tinue

d)

Cita

tion

Sour

ce T

itle

Spec

ifica

lly U

sed

From

Spec

ifica

llyU

sed

In (t

his

AM

R)

Inpu

t Des

crip

tion

SN

L 20

07 [D

IRS

177

407]

(C

ontin

ued)

E

BS

Rad

ionu

clid

eTr

ansp

ort A

bstra

ctio

n (C

ontin

ued)

Sec

tion

6.3.

4,Ta

ble

6.6-

1 Ta

ble

A-2

D

iffus

ion

of c

ollo

ids

is n

ot a

sig

nific

ant m

ode

of re

leas

e

Sec

tion

6.3.

4.4

Tabl

e A

-2

If dr

ip s

hiel

d an

d w

aste

pac

kage

are

not

bre

ache

d, a

dvec

tive

trans

port

of

collo

ids

thro

ugh

the

inve

rt is

mor

e si

gnifi

cant

than

diff

usiv

eS

ectio

n 6.

5.2.

6 Ta

ble

A-2

P

artit

ioni

ng o

f rel

ease

d ra

dion

uclid

es fr

om th

e E

BS

to th

e LN

B is

sen

sitiv

e to

ad

vect

ive

flow

, but

is re

lativ

ely

inse

nsiti

ve to

hyd

rolo

gic

prop

ertie

s of

the

inve

rtS

ectio

n 6.

5.2.

6, T

able

6.

4-1

Tabl

e A

-2

Uns

atur

ated

flow

occ

urs

thro

ugh

the

inve

rt as

a re

sult

of s

eepa

ge o

r drif

t-wal

l co

nden

satio

n, im

bibi

tion

from

the

host

rock

, or c

apill

ary

cond

ensa

tion,

and

af

fect

s th

e re

leas

e of

radi

onuc

lides

from

the

EB

S to

the

LNB

feat

ures

Sec

tions

5, 6

Ta

ble

A-2

U

nsat

urat

ed fl

ow h

as b

een

incl

uded

in th

e ab

stra

ctio

ns fo

r flo

w a

nd tr

ansp

ort

thro

ugh

the

EB

S fe

atur

esS

ectio

ns 6

.1.1

, Tab

le6.

3-2

Tabl

e A

-2

Onl

y th

e sm

alle

st o

f col

loid

al p

artic

les,

toge

ther

with

any

ass

ocia

ted

radi

onuc

lides

, may

be

trans

porte

d si

gnifi

cant

ly b

y di

ffusi

on in

the

EB

S.

Adv

ectio

n is

a m

ore

sign

ifica

nt m

etho

d of

tran

spor

t in

the

inve

rtS

ectio

ns 6

.3.1

.1,

6.3.

1.2

Tabl

e A

-2

If dr

ip s

hiel

d an

d w

aste

pac

kage

are

not

bre

ache

d, a

dvec

tive

rele

ases

are

m

ore

sign

ifica

nt th

an d

iffus

ive

from

a s

yste

m p

erfo

rman

ce p

ersp

ectiv

eS

ectio

ns 6

.4.1

, 6.6

.1

Tabl

e A

-2

Rel

ease

pul

ses

caus

ed b

y ba

thtu

b be

havi

or o

f the

was

te p

acka

ge h

ave

been

an

alyz

ed

SN

L 20

07 [D

IRS

177

412]

E

ngin

eere

d B

arrie

r S

yste

m: P

hysi

cal a

nd

Che

mic

al E

nviro

nmen

t

Sec

tions

6.8

, 6.8

.4,

6.13

, 6.1

3.4,

6.1

4,

and

6.15

Tabl

e A

-2

Che

mic

al c

hara

cter

istic

s of

wat

er in

the

drift

affe

ct th

e lik

elih

ood

of p

oten

tial

degr

adat

ion,

det

erio

ratio

n, a

nd a

ltera

tion

of th

e ot

her E

BS

com

pone

nts,

as

wel

l as

affe

ctin

g th

e tra

nspo

rt ch

arac

teris

tics

of a

ny ra

dion

uclid

es re

leas

ed fr

om th

e w

aste

pac

kage

to th

e in

vert

SN

L 20

07 [D

IRS

177

418]

D

isso

lved

Con

cent

ratio

n Li

mits

of E

lem

ents

with

R

adio

activ

e Is

otop

es

Sec

tion

8.1

Tabl

e A

-2

Unc

erta

inty

in th

ese

solu

bilit

ies

and

the

effe

cts

of w

aste

pac

kage

inte

rnal

ch

emis

try v

aria

bilit

y an

d un

certa

inty

hav

e be

en in

clud

ed in

the

mod

els

of w

aste

fo

rm re

leas

e S

NL

2007

[DIR

S 1

7742

3]

Was

te F

orm

and

In-D

rift

Col

loid

s-A

ssoc

iate

d R

adio

nucl

ide

Con

cent

ratio

ns

Sec

tions

4.1

.2, 6

.3.1

,6.

5.1,

6.6

.8, 6

.3.9

Ta

ble

A-2

C

orro

sion

pro

duct

col

loid

s in

clud

ed in

the

collo

id m

odel

s en

viro

nmen

t

Sec

tion

6.6.

8 Ta

ble

A-2

C

ollo

id s

tabi

lity

in th

e in

vert

is a

func

tion

of th

e aq

ueou

s ch

emic

al c

ondi

tions

Ta

ble

4-2;

Sec

tions

6.

3.2.

2, 7

.0

Tabl

e A

-2

Co-

prec

ipita

tion

of c

ollo

ids

due

to th

e de

grad

atio

n of

HLW

gla

ss w

aste

form

s ha

s be

en in

clud

ed in

the

asse

ssm

ent o

f tot

al c

ollo

idal

rele

ase

from

the

codi

spos

al w

aste

pac

kage

s en

viro

nmen

tS

NL

2007

[DIR

S 1

7743

0]

Dik

e/D

rift I

nter

actio

ns

Sec

tion

6.7

Tabl

e A

-2

Follo

win

g an

unl

ikel

y m

agm

a in

trusi

on in

to th

e re

posi

tory

, it i

s po

ssib

le th

at th

e w

ater

che

mis

try in

the

empl

acem

ent d

rifts

will

be

alte

red

by b

asal

t-wat

er

inte

ract

ions



Tabl

e 4-

1.

Sou

rce

of In

puts

(Con

tinue

d)

Cita

tion

Sour

ce T

itle

Spec

ifica

lly U

sed

From

Spec

ifica

llyU

sed

In (t

his

AM

R)

Inpu

t Des

crip

tion

SN

L 20

07 [D

IRS

177

432]

N

umbe

r of W

aste

P

acka

ges

Hit

by Ig

neou

s E

vent

s

Sec

tion

6 Ta

ble

A-2

P

oten

tial c

onse

quen

ce o

f an

erup

tive

cond

uit,

to th

e su

rface

inte

rsec

ting

the

repo

sito

ry is

that

was

te p

acka

ges

entra

ined

with

in a

con

duit

may

be

brea

ched

, re

leas

ing

radi

onuc

lides

in a

n er

uptin

g as

h pl

ume

whe

re th

ey c

an b

e di

sper

sed

dow

nwin

d to

the

reas

onab

ly m

axim

ally

exp

osed

indi

vidu

al

Sec

tion

7.2

Tabl

e A

-3

Dis

cuss

ion

of p

ossi

bilit

y of

an

erup

tive

cond

uit i

nter

sect

ing

the

repo

sito

ry a

nd

exte

ndin

g to

sur

face

70 F

R 5

3313

[DIR

S 1

7839

4]

70 F

R 5

3313

. Im

plem

enta

tion

of a

Dos

e S

tand

ard

Afte

r 10,

000

Year

s. In

tern

et A

cces

sibl

e

10 C

FR 6

3.30

5(b)

Ta

ble

A-1

Fu

ture

cha

nges

in a

gric

ultu

ral a

nd in

dust

rial a

ctiv

ities

are

exc

lude

d ba

sed

on

regu

lato

ry re

quire

men

ts

SN

L 20

07 [D

IRS

178

519]

G

ener

al C

orro

sion

and

Lo

caliz

ed C

orro

sion

of

Was

te P

acka

ge O

uter

Bar

rier

Sec

tion

1 Ta

ble

A-2

S

tain

less

ste

el in

ner s

hell

of w

aste

pac

kage

has

bee

n co

nser

vativ

ely

mod

eled

to

pro

vide

no

dela

y of

pen

etra

tion

of w

aste

pac

kage

onc

e w

aste

pac

kage

Allo

y22

out

er b

arrie

r has

bee

n br

each

edS

ectio

n 6.

4.4

Tabl

e A

-2

Pos

sibi

lity

of lo

caliz

ed c

orro

sion

als

o re

quire

s pa

rticu

lar a

ntec

eden

t ge

oche

mic

al c

ondi

tions

that

are

gen

eral

ly n

ot p

rese

nt

Sec

tion

6.4

Tabl

e A

-2

Unc

erta

inty

in th

ese

corr

osio

n10

CFR

63.

200

7[D

IRS

180

319]

10

CFR

63

10 C

FR63

.51(

a)(3

)(i�

iii),

10

CFR

63.

72(a

), an

d 10

C

FR 6

3.72

(b)(1

�11)

Tabl

e A

-1

To p

recl

ude

any

pote

ntia

l del

eter

ious

effe

cts,

con

stru

ctio

n an

d op

erat

iona

l m

anag

emen

t, an

d ad

min

istra

tive

cont

rols

will

be

deve

lope

d

SN

L 20

07 [D

IRS

180

472]

In

itial

Rad

ionu

clid

eIn

vent

orie

s S

ectio

n 6

Tabl

e A

-2

With

in th

e w

aste

pac

kage

, rad

ioac

tive

deca

y an

d in

grow

th c

ontri

bute

to th

e w

aste

inve

ntor

y, w

hich

def

ines

the

amou

nt o

f diff

eren

t rad

ionu

clid

es p

rese

nt in

di

ffere

nt w

aste

form

sS

ectio

n 6.

1 Ta

ble

A-2

O

ther

radi

onuc

lides

hav

e m

oder

ate

half-

lives

and

dec

ay to

pro

duct

s th

at m

aybe

rele

ased

from

the

was

teS

ectio

n 6.

1 Ta

ble

A-2

W

aste

inve

ntor

y de

fines

the

amou

nt o

f diff

eren

t rad

ionu

clid

es p

rese

nt in

di

ffere

nt w

aste

form

sS

ectio

n 6.

1.10

Ta

ble

A-2

A

ny c

hang

e to

inve

ntor

y w

ill b

e m

anag

ed b

y th

e ch

ange

eva

luat

ion

proc

ess

Sec

tion

6.3

Tabl

e A

-2

The

proc

ess

of d

ecay

and

ingr

owth

of r

adio

nucl

ides

is in

clud

ed in

the

TSP

A

Sec

tions

6.4

, 6.6

.2an

d 6.

6 Ta

ble

A-2

D

iffer

ence

s in

was

te in

vent

ory

of th

e di

ffere

nt w

aste

form

s ha

ve b

een

incl

uded

in

the

eval

uatio

n of

bar

rier c

apab

ility

SN

L 20

07 [D

IRS

180

778]

G

ener

al C

orro

sion

and

Lo

caliz

ed C

orro

sion

of t

heD

rip S

hiel

d

Sec

tion

6 Ta

ble

A-2

G

ener

al c

orro

sion

rate

s of

tita

nium

in th

e ra

nge

of li

kely

env

ironm

enta

l co

nditi

ons

are

low

dur

ing

the

regu

lato

ry p

erio

d. T

his

proc

ess

has

been

in

clud

ed in

mod

els

of d

rip s

hiel

d de

grad

atio

n



Tabl

e 4-

1.

Sou

rce

of In

puts

(Con

tinue

d)

Cita

tion

Sour

ce T

itle

Spec

ifica

lly U

sed

From

Spec

ifica

llyU

sed

In (t

his

AM

R)

Inpu

t Des

crip

tion

SN

L 20

08 [D

IRS

184

748]

P

artic

le T

rack

ing

Mod

elan

d A

bstra

ctio

n of

Tr

ansp

ort P

roce

sses

Sec

tion

6.8.

2.2

Tabl

e A

-2

The

proc

ess

of d

ecay

and

ingr

owth

of r

adio

nucl

ides

Sec

tion

D.2

Ta

ble

A-2

O

ther

radi

onuc

lides

hav

e m

oder

ate

half-

lives

and

dec

ay to

pro

duct

s th

at m

aybe

rele

ased

from

the

was

teS

ectio

n 8.

2.2

Tabl

e A

-3

Pro

cess

es a

re in

clud

ed in

the

UZ

Tran

spor

t Abs

tract

ion

Mod

el

Sec

tions

6.5

.12,

6.5.

13 a

nd 6

.6.2

Ta

ble

A-3

S

mal

l fra

ctio

n of

the

collo

ids

are

cons

erva

tivel

y m

odel

ed to

be

unre

tard

ed in

th

e un

satu

rate

d zo

ne. S

orpt

ion

of c

ollo

idal

tran

spor

t of r

adio

nucl

ides

is

incl

uded

in th

e U

Z Tr

ansp

ort A

bstra

ctio

n M

odel

SN

L 20

07 [D

IRS

181

244]

A

bstra

ctio

n of

Drif

t S

eepa

ge

Sec

tions

6.1

[a] a

nd 6

12

[a]

Tabl

e A

-1

Unc

erta

inty

in fl

ow fo

cusi

ng h

as b

een

incl

uded

in th

e as

sess

men

t of t

he

likel

ihoo

d an

d m

agni

tude

of s

eepa

ge in

to th

e em

plac

emen

t drif

tsS

ectio

n 6.

4.3.

3 Ta

ble

A-1

E

ffect

s of

resa

tura

tion

of th

e ho

st ro

ck a

roun

d th

e em

plac

emen

t drif

ts d

ue to

w

aste

coo

ling

are

depe

nden

t on

loca

tion

of th

e re

posi

tory

Sec

tion

6.5

Tabl

e A

-1

Effe

cts

of d

ryou

t of t

he h

ost r

ock

arou

nd th

e em

plac

emen

t drif

ts d

ue to

was

te

heat

dep

ends

on

loca

tion

of th

e re

posi

tory

Sec

tions

6.6

, 6.6

.5.2

,an

d 6.

7 Ta

ble

A-1

R

epre

sent

ativ

enes

s of

the

seep

age

para

met

er d

istri

butio

ns u

sed

in P

A w

ithin

re

posi

tory

hos

t roc

k is

con

side

red

impo

rtant

to c

apab

ility

of u

pper

nat

ural

ba

rrie

r S

ectio

n 6.

4 Ta

ble

A-2

Th

erm

al-h

ydro

logi

c ef

fect

s fro

m d

rift c

olla

pse

indu

ced

by a

sei

smic

eve

nt

incl

ude

an in

crea

se in

the

tem

pera

ture

and

an

incr

ease

in th

e pr

obab

ility

and

m

agni

tude

of s

eepa

geS

NL2

008

[DIR

S 1

8443

3]

Mul

tisca

leTh

erm

ohyd

rolo

gic

Mod

el

Sec

tion

6.2.

1[a]

Ta

ble

A-2

Te

mpe

ratu

re re

sulti

ng fr

om h

eat g

ener

atio

n al

so a

ffect

s th

e in

itiat

ion

of w

aste

fo

rm a

ltera

tion

and

radi

onuc

lide

trans

port

proc

esse

s de

pend

ent o

n th

e pr

esen

ce o

f an

aque

ous

film

Sec

tion

6.2[

a]

Tabl

e A

-2

Non

unifo

rm h

eat h

as b

een

cons

ider

ed in

the

mod

els

of in

-drif

t the

rmal

hy

drol

ogy

Sec

tion

6.3.

17[a

] Ta

ble

A-2

Th

erm

al-h

ydro

logi

c ef

fect

s fro

m d

rift c

olla

pse

indu

ced

by a

sei

smic

eve

nt

incl

ude

an in

crea

se in

the

tem

pera

ture

and

an

incr

ease

in th

e pr

obab

ility

and

m

agni

tude

of s

eepa

geS

ectio

ns 6

.2.1

5[a]

,6.

2.17

[a]

Tabl

e A

-2

Pre

clos

ure

vent

ilatio

n re

mov

es h

eat a

nd m

oist

ure

from

the

host

rock

dur

ing

the

vent

ilatio

n pe

riod

Sec

tion

6.3.

3 Ta

ble

A-2

E

ffect

of w

icki

ng (w

ithou

t see

page

) slig

htly

incr

ease

s th

e ad

vect

ive

flux

thro

ugh

the

inve

rt



Tabl

e 4-

1.

Sou

rce

of In

puts

(Con

tinue

d)

Cita

tion

Sour

ce T

itle

Spec

ifica

lly U

sed

From

Spec

ifica

llyU

sed

In (t

his

AM

R)

Inpu

t Des

crip

tion

SN

L 20

07 [D

IRS

181

648]

In

-Drif

t Nat

ural

Con

vect

ion

and

Con

dens

atio

n E

xecu

tive

Sum

mar

y Ta

ble

A-2

Th

erm

al e

nviro

nmen

t has

a d

irect

effe

ct o

n te

mpe

ratu

re a

nd h

umid

ity in

the

empl

acem

ent d

rifts

, whi

ch c

ontro

l the

cor

rosi

on e

nviro

nmen

t, an

d th

e co

nditi

ons

for r

adio

nucl

ide

mob

iliza

tion

and

rele

ase

Exe

cutiv

e S

umm

ary,

Tabl

e 6.

1.2-

1,S

ectio

ns 6

.1, 6

.2, 6

.3an

d 6.

4

Tabl

e A

-2

Con

vect

ive

flow

of a

ir an

d m

oist

ure

in th

e em

plac

emen

t drif

ts h

as b

een

incl

uded

in m

odel

s of

in-d

rift t

herm

al h

ydro

logy

. How

ever

, it d

oes

not c

reat

e an

ad

ditio

nal s

ourc

e of

moi

stur

e

Sec

tion

6.2.

1 Ta

ble

A-2

Fl

ow d

iver

sion

, whe

n co

mbi

ned

with

the

lack

of a

dvec

tion

thro

ugh

the

was

te

pack

age,

resu

lts in

onl

y th

e po

tent

ial f

or d

iffus

ive

rele

ases

from

the

was

te fo

rm

and

was

te p

acka

ge if

the

was

te p

acka

ge h

as d

egra

ded

feat

ures

SN

L 20

07 [D

IRS

181

953]

S

tress

Cor

rosi

on C

rack

ing

of W

aste

Pac

kage

Out

er

Bar

rier a

nd D

rip S

hiel

d M

ater

ials

Sec

tion

6.8.

6 Ta

ble

A-2

S

tress

cra

cks

are

suffi

cien

tly s

mal

l and

tigh

t to

allo

w o

nly

the

diffu

sive

tran

spor

t of

radi

onuc

lides

thro

ugh

the

crac

ksS

ectio

n 6.

2 Ta

ble

A-2

Th

e po

tent

ial f

or a

nd re

sulta

nt c

onse

quen

ces

of e

arly

failu

re o

f the

was

te

pack

age

by m

anuf

actu

ring

defe

cts

or w

eld

flaw

s ex

ists

, and

has

bee

n co

nsid

ered

in th

e TS

PA

Nom

inal

Sce

nario

Cla

ssS

ectio

n 6.

8.6

Tabl

e A

-2

Stre

ss c

rack

s ar

e su

ffici

ently

sm

all a

nd ti

ght t

o al

low

onl

y th

e di

ffusi

ve tr

ansp

ort

of ra

dion

uclid

es th

roug

h th

e cr

acks

BS

C 2

007

[DIR

S 1

8213

1]

Bas

is o

f Des

ign

for t

he

TAD

Can

iste

r-B

ased

R

epos

itory

Des

ign

Con

cept

.

Sec

tion

8.2.

3.1.

1 Ta

ble

A-2

R

equi

rem

ents

for N

aval

was

te p

acka

ges

empl

acem

ent s

tand

off d

ista

nce

from

m

appe

d fa

ults

S

ectio

n 8.

2.3.

1.1

Tabl

e A

-2

Nav

al w

aste

pac

kage

s th

at re

quire

s an

8.2

-ft (2

.5-m

) min

imum

em

plac

emen

t st

ando

ff di

stan

ce fr

om m

appe

d fa

ults

SN

L 20

08 [D

IRS

183

041]

Fe

atur

es, E

vent

s, a

nd

Pro

cess

es fo

r the

Tot

alS

yste

m P

erfo

rman

ce

Ass

essm

ent:

Ana

lyse

s

Sec

tion

6, b

yin

divi

dual

FE

P

Tabl

e A

-1

Dis

cuss

ion

of F

EP

rela

ted

to th

e U

pper

Nat

ural

Bar

rier a

s ei

ther

an

incl

uded

or

excl

uded

scr

eeni

ng d

ecis

ion.

Sec

tion

6, b

yin

divi

dual

FE

P

Tabl

e A

-2

Dis

cuss

ion

of F

EP

rela

ted

to th

e E

ngin

eere

d B

arrie

r Sys

tem

as

eith

er a

n in

clud

ed o

r exc

lude

d sc

reen

ing

deci

sion

. S

ectio

n 6,

by

indi

vidu

al F

EP

Ta

ble

A-3

D

iscu

ssio

n of

FE

P re

late

d to

the

Low

er N

atur

al B

arrie

r as

eith

er a

n in

clud

ed o

r ex

clud

ed s

cree

ning

dec

isio

n.S

NL

2008

[DIR

S 1

8347

8]

Tota

l Sys

tem

Per

form

ance

A

sses

smen

t Mod

el/A

naly

sis

for t

he L

icen

se

App

licat

ion

Sec

tion

6.5

and

Tabl

e 6.

5-2

Tabl

e A

-2

The

prob

abili

ty o

f ign

eous

an

igne

ous

even

t com

prom

isin

g w

aste

em

plac

emen

t dr

ifts

is v

ery

smal

l

SN

L 20

08 [D

IRS

183

750]

S

atur

ated

Zon

e Fl

ow a

nd

Tran

spor

t Mod

el

Abs

tract

ion

Sec

tion

6.7.

2 Ta

ble

A-2

O

ther

radi

onuc

lides

hav

e m

oder

ate

half-

lives

and

dec

ay to

pro

duct

s th

at m

aybe

rele

ased

from

the

was

te

Sec

tions

7.4

.2, 6

.7.2

Ta

ble

A-3

R

adio

activ

e de

cay

and

ingr

owth



Tabl

e 4-

1.

Sou

rce

of In

puts

(Con

tinue

d)

Cita

tion

Sour

ce T

itle

Spec

ifica

lly U

sed

From

Spec

ifica

llyU

sed

In (t

his

AM

R)

Inpu

t Des

crip

tion

SN

L 20

07 [D

IRS

184

614]

U

Z Fl

ow M

odel

s an

d S

ubm

odel

s S

ectio

n 7.

7.4.

2 Ta

ble

A-1

P

erch

ed-w

ater

con

ditio

ns d

o no

t pre

sent

ly e

xist

in th

e un

satu

rate

d zo

ne a

bove

th

e re

posi

tory

, and

are

not

exp

ecte

d ev

en u

nder

futu

re c

limat

e ch

ange

s S

ectio

ns 6

.1.2

, 6.

2.4,

6.1.

2; T

able

4.1

-1

Tabl

e A

-3

Frac

ture

-rel

ated

tran

spor

t pro

cess

es/p

rope

rties

incl

ude

fract

ure

perm

eabi

lity,

po

rosi

ty, f

requ

ency

, act

ive

fract

ure

mod

el, m

atrix

diff

usio

n co

effic

ient

, sor

ptio

n,

and

collo

id fi

ltrat

ion

SN

L 20

07 [D

IRS

180

506]

In

-Pac

kage

Che

mis

tryA

bstra

ctio

n S

ectio

n 6.

3.1.

3.4

Tabl

e A

-2

The

diffe

rent

cha

ract

eris

tics

of th

ese

was

te fo

rms

(in p

artic

ular

the

hygr

osco

pic

natu

re o

f the

HLW

gla

ss) h

ave

been

con

side

red

in th

e w

aste

form

alte

ratio

n m

odel

s an

d is

not

foun

d to

sub

stan

tially

impa

ct b

arrie

r cap

abili

ty o

f thi

s fe

atur

e S

ectio

n 6.

3.1.

1 Ta

ble

A-2

C

hem

istry

effe

cts

of v

oids

in th

e w

aste

pac

kage

inte

rnal

s ar

e in

clud

ed in

m

odel

s of

in-p

acka

ge c

hem

istry

Sec

tions

6.1

0.8

and

8.1

Tabl

e A

-2

The

chem

ical

cha

ract

eris

tics

of th

e w

ater

in c

onta

ct w

ith th

e w

aste

pac

kage

in

tern

als,

incl

udin

g vo

id s

pace

s, a

nd th

e w

aste

form

, affe

ct th

e de

grad

atio

n ch

arac

teris

tics

of th

e w

aste

form

, the

sol

ubili

ty o

f rad

ionu

clid

es in

the

diss

olve

d ph

ase,

and

the

stab

ility

of c

ollo

idal

par

ticle

s Ta

ble

6-1a

Ta

ble

A-2

Th

e in

-pac

kage

redo

x st

ate

is a

ssum

ed to

be

set b

y th

e ox

idat

ion

stat

e in

the

empl

acem

ent d

rifts

onc

e th

e w

aste

pac

kage

is b

reac

hed

and

ther

efor

e se

t to

0.2

Sec

tion

6.3.

1.3.

3 Ta

ble

A-2

Th

e ch

emis

try o

f the

wat

er th

at c

omes

into

con

tact

with

the

was

te fo

rm a

nd

was

te p

acka

ge in

tern

als

is a

ltere

d by

reac

tion

with

the

expo

sed

met

allic

and

w

aste

form

sur

face

s in

side

the

was

te p

acka

ge.

Res

ults

of a

naly

ses

indi

cate

th

at th

e ch

emis

try is

mor

e af

fect

ed b

y th

e ra

te a

nd a

mou

nt o

f wat

er in

tera

ctin

g w

ith th

e w

aste

pac

kage

inte

rnal

s th

an th

e ch

emis

try o

f thi

s w

ater



4.2 CRITERIA

Technical requirements to be satisfied by this document are based on 10 CFR 63.113(a) [DIRS 180319] and 10 CFR 63.115(a)-(c) [DIRS 180319]; as shown in Table 4-2. The acceptance criteria that will be used by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to determine whether the technical requirements have been met are identified in NUREG-1804 (NRC 2003 [DIRS 163274], Section 2.2.1.1.3) and Technical Work Plan for: Postclosure Nuclear Safety Design Bases (SNL 2007 [DIRS 182648]), Section 3.4). This document meets Criterion 1. Part of Criteria 2 and 3, the quantitative analysis and technical basis, are met by the TSPA (SNL 2008 [DIRS 183478]). These acceptance criteria are included below:

� Acceptance Criterion 1—Identification of Barriers Is Adequate

Barriers relied on to achieve compliance with 10 CFR 63.113(b) [DIRS 180319], as demonstrated in the Total System Performance Assessment, are adequately identified, and are clearly linked to their capabilities. The barriers identified include at least one from the engineered system and one from the natural system.

� Acceptance Criterion 2—Description of Barrier Capability to Isolate Waste Is Acceptable

The capability of the identified barriers to prevent or substantially reduce the rate of movement of water or radionuclides from the Yucca Mountain repository to the accessible environment, or prevent the release or substantially reduce the release rate of radionuclides from the waste is adequately identified and described:

(1) The information on the time period over which each barrier performs its intended function, including any changes during the compliance period, is provided

(2) The uncertainty associated with barrier capabilities is adequately described

(3) The described capabilities are consistent with the results from the Total System Performance Assessment

(4) The described capabilities are consistent with the definition of a barrier in 10 CFR 63.2 [DIRS 180319].

� Acceptance Criterion 3—Technical Basis for Barrier Capability Is Adequately Presented

The technical bases are consistent with the technical basis for the Performance Assessment. The technical basis for assertions of barrier capability is commensurate with the importance of each barrier’s capability and their associated uncertainties.

The information presented in Table 4-2 summarizes the information category and the corresponding regulatory requirements of 10 CFR Part 63 [DIRS 180319].


Table 4-2. Cross Reference for Information Categories in 10 CFR Part 63

Information Category 10 CFR Part 63 Reference System Description and Demonstration of Multiple Barriers 63.113(a)

63.115(a)-(c) Identification of Barriers 63.113(a)

63.115(a) Barrier Capability Description 63.113(a)

63.115(b) Technical Bases for Barrier Capability 63.115(c)

Identifying Postclosure Performance Assessment Controlling Parameters and 63.21(c)(9) Classifying ITWI Structures, Systems and Components. 63.21(c)(10)

63.21(c)(14) 63.21(c)(15)

NOTE: Meeting 10 CFR 63.115(c) [DIRS 180319] regulations also requires that the technical basis for each barrier capability shall be based on, and consistent with, the technical basis for the performance assessments used to demonstrate compliance with 10 CFR 63.113(b) and 10 CFR 63.113(c) [DIRS 180319], which also invoke 10 CFR 63.114 [DIRS 180319] and other requirements from Subpart L of 10 CFR Part 63 [DIRS 180319].


4.3 CODES, STANDARDS, AND REGULATIONS

Other than the regulatory requirements and Yucca Mountain Review Plan acceptance criteria identified in Section 4.2, no other codes, standards, or regulations are used in this report.



5. ASSUMPTIONS

The only assumptions in this scientific analysis that are used in the ITBC evaluations of FEPs are the enabling assumptions identified in Section 6.1.



6. SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS DISCUSSION

This report has been prepared to meet regulatory requirements of 10 CFR 63.113(a) and 63.115 [DIRS 180319]), and to provide a risk-informed analysis of the postclosure technical basis for multiple barriers. Specifically, 10 CFR 63.113(a) [DIRS 180319] provides requirements for multiple barriers as part of performance objectives for the geologic repository after permanent closure, and 10 CFR 63.115 [DIRS 180319] provides requirements for the identification of, description of, and technical basis for the multiple barriers.

The major activities documented in this report that address, in part, the above regulations are two: conduct the barrier analysis, and develop core and control parameter characteristics. For natural and engineered barriers that are ITWI, the tasks associated with these two activities include:

1. Describing the three ITWI barriers (UNB, EBS, and LNB)

2. Evaluating barrier capability, including assessment of the technical bases, evaluation of ITBC parameter characteristics and supporting the ITWI determination.

The approach used to identify parameter characteristics that support the postclosure technical basis, the TSPA and contribute to barrier capability, begins by analyzing the FEP descriptions and screening justifications. The barrier analysis uses supporting information from FEP screening reports, which document the processes and events that are included in or excluded from performance assessment models; it also uses information from process models and model abstraction reports that describe the technical basis for implementation of processes and events in the performance assessment models. The use of information from these reports to support the barrier analysis ensures that the technical basis for barrier capability is consistent with the technical basis for the performance assessment models. Direct inputs supporting this analysis are listed in Table 4-1. Indirect inputs are listed in Table 6-1.

Table 6-1. Source of Indirect Inputs

Reference and DIRS Citation Name 10 CFR 63. 2007 [DIRS 180319] 10 CFR 63 70 FR 49014 [DIRS 177357] 40 CFR 197 70 FR 53313 [DIRS 178394] 70 FR 53313. Implementation of a Dose Standard After 10,000 Years ASME B46.1-2002. 2003 [DIRS 166013]

Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness and Lay). New York, New York: American Society of Mechanical Engineers. TIC: 257359.

ASTM B 575-99a. 1999 [DIRS 147465] Standard Specification for Low-Carbon Nickel-Molybdenum-Chromium, Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum, Low-Carbon NickelChromium-Molybdenum-Copper, Low-Carbon Nickel-ChromiumMolybdenum-Tantalum, and Low-Carbon Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy Plate, Sheet, and Strip

BSC 2004 [DIRS 166107] Drift Degradation Analysis BSC 2004 [DIRS 167652] Seepage Model for PA Including Drift Collapse BSC 2004 [DIRS 168138] Estimation of Mechanical Properties of Crushed Tuff for Use as Ballast

Material in Emplacement Drifts



Table 6-1. Source of Indirect Inputs (Continued)

Reference and DIRS Citation Name BSC 2004 [DIRS 169218] Natural Analogue Synthesis Report BSC 2004 [DIRS 169987] CSNF Waste Form Degradation: Summary Abstraction BSC 2004 [DIRS 169988] Defense HLW Glass Degradation Model

BSC 2004 [DIRS 169989] Characterize Framework for Igneous Activity at Yucca Mountain, Nevada BSC 2004 [DIRS 170002] Future Climate Analysis BSC 2004 [DIRS 170035] Conceptual Model and Numerical Approaches for Unsaturated Zone Flow

and Transport BSC 2004 [DIRS 171764] Seepage Calibration Model and Seepage Tes

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