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Postclassical Civilizations
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Transcript of Postclassical Civilizations
Postclassical Civilizations
Reporting Category 3 Postclassical Civilizations Justinian
Byzantine Emporer Codification of Roman Law
Justinian Code Basis for Western Legal systems Reconquest of
formerRoman Territories Expansion of Trade Constantinoples
locationwas at the center of traderoutes Byzantine
Achievements
Art and Architecture Byzantine Culture Inspiration provided
byChristian religion andImperial Power Icons (religious images)
Mosaics in public &religious structures (piecesof colored tile
or glass) Hagia Sophia DomedChurch in Constantinople Continued
traditions ofGreco-Roman culture Greek Language Greek Orthodox
Church (Eastern Orthodox) Greek & Roman Knowledge was preserved
in Byzantine Libraries Division in the Christian Church
Roman Catholic Church Eastern OrthodoxChurch Centered in Rome
Farther from the seat ofpower after Constantinoplebecame capital
Use of Latin in the Liturgy Pope was the Head of theChurch No
Emperor to answer to Centered inConstantinople Close to the seat of
powerafter Constantinoplebecame capital Use of Greek in the liturgy
Patriarch was head ofchurch Underneath the Emperor Division in the
Christian Church
The Great Schism Split in the Christian Church Authority of the
Pope was eventually accepted inthe West Authority of the Patriarch
was accepted in theEast Differences is Church Practices Celibacy
Use of Icons Language Byzantine Culture, Eastern Europe, &
Russia
Constantinople was located on the traderoutes between the Black and
Baltic Seas Much of Eastern Europe, as well as Russia,adopted
Eastern Orthodox Christianity St. Cyril adapted the Greek alphabet
for theSlavic People (Cyrillic Alphabet) Influence on Church
architecture andreligious art Church Architecture Byzantine Church
Roman Catholic Church Origins, Beliefs, Customs, & Spread of
Islam
Muhammad, the Prophet Mecca & Median Early Muslim cities on
theSaudi Arabian peninsula Islam spread across Asia and Africa, and
into Spain Monotheistic Allah (Arabic word for God) Quran (Koran)
The word of God (Holy Book) Five Pillars of Islam Basis of beliefs
Acceptance of Judeo-Christian prophets,including Abraham, Moses,
and Jesus Historical Turning Points in ISLAM
The death of Muhammad led to a split in the Islamic Faith Sunni
Shia division Muslim conquests of Jerusalem Christian attempts to
recapture Jerusalem - Crusades Umayyad Dynasty moved the Muslim
capital to Damascus Abbasid Dynasty moved the Muslim capital to
Baghdad Muslims defeated by Charles Martel (Franks) at the Battle
ofTours End of Muslim Expansion into Western Europe Fall of Baghdad
to the Mongols End of Muslim Empire Cultural Contributions of
Muslim Empire
Architecture (The Dome of the Rock) Mosaics Arabic Alphabet
Universities Translation of Ancient texts into Arabic Cultural
Contributions of the Muslim Empire
The Dome of the Rock Mosaics Arabic Alphabet Universities
(Calligraphy) Scientific Contributions of the Muslim World
Arabic Numerals Adapted from India Included Zero Algebra Medicine
Expansion of Geographic Knowledge Foundations of Early Medieval
Society
Classical Heritage of Rome Christian Beliefs Customs of Germanic
tribes Influence of the Roman Catholic Church Secular authority
declined, while Church authority grew Monasteries preserved
Greco-Roman cultural achievements Missionaries carried Christianity
& Latin alphabet to GermanicTribes Pope anointed Charlemagne
Holy Roman Emporer in 800A.D. Parish Priest served the social and
religious needs of the people Age of Charlemagne Franks emerged as
a Western European force
The Pope crowned the Emperor in 800 A.D. The churchs power was
established in politics Roman culture was reinterpreted Most of
Western Europe was a part of this newEmpire Churches, Roads, and
Schools were built to unitethe Empire