ports - BC Log & Timber · Performance\Report\5197.10 - Module 1 - ASTM E283 and E331 Labatory Air...

R:\5197 - Log Wall\5197.10 - Building Science Consulting Services\Report\2012 03 13 Research Report\Appendix A\5197.10 Appendix A Laboratory Air Leakage and water Penetration Test Reports.doc

Appendix A: Laboratory Air Leakage and Water Penetration Test Reports

Building Enclosure &

Energy Performance of Log &

Timber H

omes

PREPARED FOR: BC Log and Timber Frame Home Market Expansion Project

SUBMITTED BY RDH Building Engineering Ltd.

224 West 8th Avenue

Vancouver, BC V5Y 1N5

Canada

PROJECT NUMBER 5197.10

DATE April 29, 2013

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Table of Contents

ASTM E283 & E331 – Lab Test Report – Module 1




R:\5197 - Log Home Building Enclosure Performance\5197.00 - Building Enclosure Performance\Report\5197.10 - Module 1 - ASTM E283 and E331 Labatory Air and Water Test - 2011 11 02.doc

5197 - Log Hom

e Building Enclosure Perform

ance 1.1.1

ASTM E283 &

E331 –Lab Test Report –

Module #1

TEST STANDARDS ASTM E283-04 “Standard Test Method for Determining Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors Under Specified Pressure Differences Across the Specimen” ASTM E331-00 “Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference”

CLIENT BC Log & Timber Building Industry PO Box 2224 100 Mile House, BC V0K 2E0 Canada

SUBMITTED BY RDH Building Engineering Ltd. 224 West 8th Avenue Vancouver, BC V5Y 1N5 Canada

PROJECT ADDRESS 27050 Gloucester Way, Langley, B.C.

WALL Module #1

REPORT NO DATE DESCRITION

November 2, 2011 Final Report

client repor

t

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RDH Building Engineering Ltd.

Table of Contents 1. General Information ................................................ 1

1.1. Attendees ..................................................... 1

1.2. Test Specimen Description ............................ 1

2. Summary ................................................................ 2

1.3. Test Results .................................................. 2

1.4. Modifications Performed to Achieve Report Performance Rating ...................................... 2

3. Air Test Results – ASTM E283 .................................. 3

1.5. Test # 1......................................................... 3

4. Water Test Results – ASTM E331 ............................. 4

1.6. Test # 1......................................................... 4

1.7. Test # 2......................................................... 5

4.3. Test # 3......................................................... 5

5. Discussion and Recommendations ......................... 7

5.1. Air Tightness ................................................. 7

5.2. Water Ingress Resistance .............................. 7

Appendix A

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PAGE 1 OF 9

1. General Information

The following tests were performed to evaluate the performance of a log wall assembly as follows.

1) A test to determine its air leakage rate when tested in general conformance with ASTM E283.

2) A test to determine water penetration resistance when tested in geneal conformance with ASTM E331.

1.1. Attendees

Table 1.1 General Information

General

Testing Agency RDH Building Engineering Ltd.

Test Location 27050 Gloucester Way, Langley, B.C.

The following people observed the testing in part or whole.

t Christopher Black – RDH Building Engineering Ltd.

t Dave Ricketts – RDH Building Engineering Ltd.

t Brian Lloyd – Construction Consulting

t Bob Warren – BC Log & Timber Building Industry

1.2. Test Specimen Description

Table 1.2 Specimen Description

Module #1 – Hand Crafted Wall Assembly

Wall Assembly Type Module #1- Hand Crafted Scribed Fit Lateral Groove Wall Assembly

Age 0

Overall Dimensions (Width x Height)

2273 mm x 2159 mm (89 ½” x 85”)

Details Included Wall Assembly

Material List Doulas fir logs with a log diameter of 14”, a moisture content of 8 to 10%, 3 coats of stain on the exterior, and an average lateral groove width of 3 ½”. EMSEAL Log Home Sealant Tape on both sides of the lateral groove (1/4” x 5/8” (6 mil x 15 mil)).

Figure 1.1 Overall View of Wall Assembly (Interior Side Visible)

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PAGE 2 OF 9

2. Summary

1.3. Test Results

Table 2.1 Test Results Summary

Module #1 – Hand Crafted Wall Assembly

Water Test Pressure 0 Pa

150 Pa

300 Pa

Test Method ASTM E283

ASTM E331


Air Test Results 0.0164 L/s.m2 @ 75Pa

Water Test Results 0 Pa - Fail

150 Pa – Fail

300 Pa – Fail

1.4. Modifications Performed to Achieve Report Performance Rating

No modifications were required to obtain the ratings listed in Table 2.1.

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PAGE 3 OF 9

3. Air Test Results – ASTM E283

1.5. Test # 1

1.5.1 Test Conditions

Test Date: October 7, 2011

Test Time: 3:30 pm

Air Temperature: 18 C

Barometric Pressure: 102150 Pa

Relative Humidity: 77 %

1.5.2 Test Parameters

Pressure Difference: 75 Pa – Positive

Direction of Flow: Infiltration

Table 3.1.1 Air Leakage Rate

Results

Air Leakage Rate per Area (qA) 0.0164 L/s-m2

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PAGE 4 OF 9

4. Water Test Results – ASTM E331

1.6. Test # 1



Test Time: 4:30 pm




Pressure Difference: 0 Pa

Duration: 15 min (Complete)

Procedure: Uniform Static

Table 4.1.1 Water Penetration Observation Points P1, P2, P3, and P4

Penetration Point

Water Penetration Points

P1, P2, P3, and P4

Penetration is a Failure Mode

Yes

Location Between logs at various locations.

Time to First Water Observation

1 minute

Volume of Water A moderate amount of water, constant flow.

Figure 4.1.1 Water Penetration Between Logs at One of

the Four Location

Figure 4.1.2 Location of Water Penetration Observation Points P1, P2, P3, and P4

P2 P1

P3

P4

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PAGE 5 OF 9

Table 4.1.2 Water Penetration Observation Point 5

Penetration Point

Water Penetration Point

P5

Penetration is a Failure Mode

Yes

Location At the thru bolts securing the wall assembly.

Time to First Water Observation

1 minute

Volume of Water A large amount of water, constant flow.

Figure 4.1.3 Water Penetration Thru Bolts Securing the

Wall Assembly

Table 4.1.3 Test Results

Results

Result Failure at 0 Pa

Additional Observations and Comments:

t Based on previous testing, modifications were made to improve the transition between the interface of the log wall assembly to the wood buck (Figure 4.1.4). However, at some locations along this interface water ingress was observed. It is also possible some of the water ingress observed between the logs maybe be related (Water Penetration Observation Points P2 and P3). Therefore, further modifications will be required to eliminate water ingress at this interface.

Figure 4.1.4 Improved Interface Between Log Wall Assembly and the Wood Buck

1.7. Test # 2



Test Time: 5:00 pm








Results



t Similar to Test #1, water penetration points P1 thru P5 were observed.

4.3. Test # 3



Test Time: 5:30 pm



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PAGE 6 OF 9






Results



t Similar to Test #1, water penetration points P1 thru P5 were observed.

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PAGE 7 OF 9

5. Discussion and Recommendations

5.1. Air Tightness

When tested to the standard of ASTM E283 the specimen, as prepared, achieved an Air Leakage Rate per fixed area (qA) of 0.0164 L/s-m2, when tested at a pressure differential of 75 Pa.

5.2. Water Ingress Resistance

When tested to the standard of ASTM E331 the specimen, as prepared, did not prevent water ingress.


Christopher Black, MASc, P.Eng.

Engineer

Dave Ricketts, P.Eng.

Principal, Senior Building Science Specialist

tallinNew Stamp

tallinNew Stamp

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PAGE 8 OF 9

APPENDIX A

A.1. Test Pressure Difference

Air Test

The ASTM E283 default pressure of 75 Pa was used.

Water Test

The test pressure is increased incrementally until the specimen can no long meet the requirements of the standard or it was determine to no longer perform the testing.

A.2. Test Procedures

Air Test

Testing is performed in general conformance with ASTM E283-04 “Standard Test Method for Determining Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors Under Specified Pressure Differences Across the Specimen”.

Refer to the individual test parameters for the procedure used.

Water Test

Testing is performed in general conformance with ASTM E331-00 “Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference”


A.3. Failure Criteria

The following is a list of the failure criteria used during testing.

Air Test

t The specimen exceeds a specified maximum allowable air flow rate.

Water Test

Criteria as defined by the standard

t Failure occurs when water that penetrates through the frame or other portions of the test specimen and reaches a vertical plane inboard of the innermost projection of the specimen or when water reaches interior finishes or hardware.

t Failure occurs whenever water penetrates through the perimeter frame of the test specimen.

A.4. Test Equipment

Test Wall

The test wall consists of an aluminum plate supported by a steel frame. The plate is perforated at 462 mm vertically and 267 mm horizontally. At every second hole staggered vertically between columns there is a Spraying Systems Co. – 1/8GG-W 2.8W Fulljet Stainless Steel nozzle installed flush with the plate. Water is pumped through the nozzles with a Summit Type CC pump at the calibrated test pressure. The pressure is controlled by throttling the flow of water with gate valves and is measured by a liquid filled dial water pressure gauge. The test wall is calibrated in accordance with ASTM standards E331 and E547 to a pressure of 159 kPa (23 psi).

The specimen is set in a wood or fibreglass frame to create a chamber and is supported between 203 ± 51 mm from the test wall during the tests.

Depressurization

Depressurization of the test chamber is achieved through a 3” penetration in the test wall. Air is pumped through these penetrations by a model number R93150A GAST regenerative blower and is controlled by a model M12150C LENZE / AC TECH variable frequency drive. The fan moves air into or out of the chamber at a controlled rate to create the desired pressure differential across the specimen. The pressure differential is measured across the chamber wall with one of the following manometers;

Air Test

t Dwyer Solid Plastic Stationary Gage, model 201

t Dwyer Solid Plastic Stationary Gage, model 202.5

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PAGE 9 OF 9

t Meriam Inclined Tube Manometer, model 40HEX35WM

Water Testing


The volume of air flow is measured with a model Z50MW20-2 Meriam Laminar Flow Element.

A.5. Documentation

Terminology

In the report, water ingress paths and various forms of modifications are denoted in the following manner:

Water Penetration Points – Points of water penetration on the indoor face of the test specimen, and any water penetration as defined by the standard.

Adjustments – Adjustments are items on the test specimen where an installed component required realignment to properly interface with another component. These items are designated with an “A” sequence in modifications.

Deficiencies – Deficiencies are items found on the test specimen that are not manufactured or installed per the manufacturer or project requirements. These items are designated with a “D” sequence in modifications.

Modifications – Modifications are items that are performed on the test specimen that differ from the manufacturer or project requirements. These items are designated with an “M” sequence in modifications.

Orientation References

All references denoting orientation are taken as viewed when facing the test wall and the interior face of the specimen.

A.6. Deviations from Test Standard

Water Test

The test is conducted in general conformance with the test standard with the following exception:

t The barometric air pressure was not recorded, but was obtained afterwards from the weather station at Abbotsford Airport (CYXX), BC.

R:\5197 - Log Home Building Enclosure Performance\5197.00 - Building Enclosure Performance\Report\5197.10 - Module 2 - ASTM E283 and E331 Labatory Air and Water Test - 2012 02 06.doc

5197 - Log Hom


ance

AS

TM E283 &

E331 –Lab Test R

eport – M

odule #2

TEST STANDARDS ASTM E283-04 “Standard Test Method for Determining Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors Under Specified Pressure Differences Across the Specimen”

ASTM E331-00 “Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference”

CLIENT BC Log & Timber Building Industry

PO Box 2224

100 Mile House, BC

V0K 2E0

Canada

SUBMITTED BY RDH Building Engineering Ltd.

224 West 8th Avenue

Vancouver, BC

V5Y 1N5

Canada

WALL Module #2 – Manufactured D-Log Wall Assembly


February 6, 2012 Final Report

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1.1. Attendees ..................................................... 1 1.2. Test Specimen Description ............................ 1

2. Summary ................................................................ 2 2.1. Test Results .................................................. 2 2.2. Modifications Performed to Achieve Report

Performance Rating ...................................... 2 3. Air Test Results – ASTM E283 .................................. 3

3.1. Test # 1......................................................... 3 4. Water Test Results – ASTM E331 ............................. 4

4.1. Test # 1......................................................... 4 4.2. Test # 2......................................................... 4 4.3. Test # 3......................................................... 4 4.4. Test # 4......................................................... 5 4.5. Test # 5......................................................... 5

5. Discussion and Recommendations ......................... 6 5.1. Air Tightness ................................................. 6 5.2. Water Ingress Resistance .............................. 6

Appendix A

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PAGE 1 OF 8


The following tests were performed to evaluate the performance of a log wall assembly as follows:

1) A test to determine its air leakage rate when tested in general conformance with ASTM E283.

2) A test to determine its water penetration resistance when tested in general conformance with ASTM E331.

1.1. Attendees Table 1.1.1 General Information

General



The following people observed the testing in part or whole:


t Jeremy Wollin – RDH Building Engineering Ltd.

t Chris Pieper – CW Forestry Services Ltd.

1.2. Test Specimen Description Table 1.2.1 Specimen Description

Module #2 – Manufactured D-Log Wall Assembly

Wall Assembly Type Module #2 – Manufactured D-Log Wall Assembly

Age 0


2235 mm x 2070 mm (88” x 81 ½”)


Material List Mountain pine beetle killed manufactured D-Logs with a finished dimension of 5 ½” wide and 7 ½” height, a moisture content of below 16% before profiling to the final shape, and a double tongue and groove. Loctite PL premium polyurethane construction adhesive was used within the double tongue and groove.

Fig. 1.2.2 Overall View of Wall Assembly (Interior Side

Visible)

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PAGE 2 OF 8

2. Summary

2.1. Test Results Table 2.1.1 Test Results Summary

Module #2 – Manufactured D-Log Wall Assembly

Water Test Pressure 0 Pa

150 Pa

300 Pa

500 Pa

700 Pa


ASTM E331

Details Included Wall assembly only

Air Test Results 0.0117 L/s.m2 @ 75Pa

Water Test Results 0 Pa - Pass

150 Pa – Pass

300 Pa – Pass

500 Pa – Pass

700 Pa – Pass


No modifications were required to obtain the ratings listed in Table 2.1.1

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PAGE 3 OF 8


3.1. Test # 1

Test Conditions

Test Date: January 27, 2012

Test Time: 3:30 pm

Air Temperature: 18C

Barometric Pressure: 103,370 Pa

Relative Humidity: 61%

Test Parameters




Results

Air Leakage Rate per Area (qA) 0.0117 L/s–m2

Fig. 3.1.2 Air Leakage Testing

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PAGE 4 OF 8


4.1. Test # 1

Test Conditions


Test Time: 4:00 pm



Test Parameters




Observations: No evidence of water ingress.

Fig. 4.1.1 Log Wall Prepared for Water Testing


Results

Result Pass at 0 Pa

4.2. Test # 2

Test Conditions


Test Time: 4:30 pm



Test Parameters






Results

Result Pass at 150 Pa

4.3. Test # 3

Test Conditions


Test Time: 5:00 pm



Test Parameters






Results


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PAGE 5 OF 8

4.4. Test # 4

Test Conditions


Test Time: 5:30 pm



Test Parameters






Results


4.5. Test # 5

Test Conditions


Test Time: 6:00 pm



Test Parameters






Results



t Five minutes after the test was complete, at a couple of locations, water ingress was observed originating from the knots in the wall assembly.

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PAGE 6 OF 8


5.1. Air Tightness

When tested to the standard of ASTM E283 the specimen, as prepared, achieved an Air Leakage Rate per fixed area (qA) of 0.0117 L/s–m2, when tested at a pressure differential of 75 Pa.


When tested to the standard of ASTM E331 no water ingress was observed through the specimen, as prepared, at differential pressures of 0, 75, 150, 300, 500, and 700 Pa.



Engineer



tallinNew Stamp

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PAGE 7 OF 8

APPENDIX A


Air Test


Water Test

The test pressure is increased incrementally until the specimen can no longer meet the requirements of the standard or it was determined to no longer perform the testing.


Air Test



Water Test




The following is a list of the failure criteria used during testing:

Air Test


Water Test

Criteria as defined by the standard:



A.4. Test Equipment

Test Wall

The test wall consists of an aluminum plate supported by a steel frame. The plate is perforated at 462 mm vertically and 267 mm horizontally. At every second hole staggered vertically between columns there is a Spraying Systems Co. – 1/8GG-W 2.8W Fulljet Stainless Steel nozzle installed flush with the plate. Water is pumped through the nozzles with a Summit Type CC pump at the calibrated test pressure. The pressure is controlled by throttling the flow of water with gate valves and is measured by a liquid-filled dial water pressure gauge. The test wall is calibrated in accordance with ASTM standards E331 and E547 to a pressure of 159 kPa (23 psi).


Depressurization

Depressurization of the test chamber is achieved through a 3” penetration in the test wall. Air is pumped through these penetrations by a model number R93150A GAST regenerative blower and is controlled by a model M12150C LENZE / AC TECH variable frequency drive. The fan moves air into or out of the chamber at a controlled rate to create the desired pressure differential across the specimen. The pressure differential is measured across the chamber wall with one of the following manometers:

Air Test



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PAGE 8 OF 8


Water Testing



A.5. Documentation

Terminology









Water Test


t The barometric air pressure was not recorded, but was obtained afterwards from the weather station at Abbotsford Airport (CYXX), BC.

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5197.10 - Log Hom


ance 1.1.1

ASTM E283 &


Module #3




WALL Module #3 – Square Log Wall Assembly


January 25, 2013 Draft Report

client repor

t

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1.1. Attendees ..................................................... 1


2. Summary ................................................................ 2

2.1. Test Results .................................................. 2



3.1. Test # 1 – 75 Pa, Not Vented to Exterior ......... 3

3.2. Test # 2 – 75 Pa, Vented to Exterior ............... 3


4.1. Test # 3 – 0 Pa, Vented to Exterior ................. 4

4.2. Test # 4 - 150 Pa, Vented to Exterior .............. 4



4.5. Test # 7 - 150 Pa, Not Vented to Exterior ........ 5




5.1. Pressure Equalization ................................... 6

5.2. Air Tightness ................................................. 6


Appendix A – Test Procedures and Setup

Appendix B – Typical Details for Log Test Wall Assembly

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PAGE 1 OF 9


The following tests were performed to evaluate the performance of the log wall assembly:

1) A test to determine the log wall air leakage rate when the vertical tie-down rod chase and lateral grooves were not connected to the exterior side of the wall (not vented). Test performed in general conformance with ASTM E283.

2) A test to determine the log wall air leakage rate when the vertical tie-down rod chase and lateral grooves were connected to the exterior side of the wall with a 1¼” hole (vented). Test performed in general conformance with ASTM E283.

3) A test to determine the log wall water penetration resistance when the vertical tie-down rod chase and lateral grooves were not connected to the exterior (not vented). Test performed in general conformance with ASTM E331.

4) A test to determine the log wall water penetration resistance when the vertical tie-down rod chase and lateral grooves were connected to the exterior side of the wall with a 1¼” hole (vented). Test performed in general conformance with ASTM E331.

1.1. Attendees

Table 1.1.1 General Information

General




t Dave Ricketts – RDH Building Engineering Ltd.


t Luke King – RDH Building Engineering Ltd.

t Aaron Moore – Brian Moore Log Homes

t Philippo Pierini – Brian Moore Log Homes

t John Boys – Nicola Logworks Ltd.


Table 1.2.1 Specimen Description

Module #3 – Square Log Wall Assembly

Wall Assembly Type Module #3 – 12”x12” Square Log Wall Assembly

Age 0


2244 mm x 2084 mm (88 1/3” x 82”)


Material List Square red cedar logs with finished dimensions of 11 ½” by 11 ½”. A 5/8” 45˚ bevel was routed on all four corners of the log. Logs were joined with a tongue and groove notch which included a double P-gasket (ext. & int.). Threaded tie down rods (3/4” diameter) were installed in an oversized 1¼” chase.

The lateral grooves were vented to the exterior by two oversized tie-down rod chases that ran vertically the height of the test wall and exited to the exterior side of the wall on a diagonal in the bottom log, refer to Appendix B. The diagonal holes vented to the exterior side of the wall were plugged and sealed when simulating a lateral grove which was not vented.

Five pressure taps were installed at various locations to monitor the pressure difference between the lateral groove and the exterior, refer to Fig. 1.2.2 and Fig. 5.1.1.

Fig. 1.2.2 Overall interior view of wall assembly showing 5 pressure taps connected with vinyl tubing.

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PAGE 2 OF 9

2. Summary

2.1. Test Results

Table 2.1.1 Test Results Summary

Module #3 – Square Log Wall Assembly

Lateral grooves vented to the exterior

Lateral grooves not vented to the exterior

Water Test Pressure

0 Pa

150 Pa

300 Pa

500 Pa

150 Pa

300 Pa

500 Pa


ASTM E331

ASTM E283

ASTM E331

Details Included

Wall assembly only Wall assembly only

Air Test Results

0.00642 L/s.m2 @ 75Pa

0.00642 L/s.m2 @ 75Pa

Water Test Results

0 Pa – Pass

150 Pa – Pass

300 Pa – Pass

500 Pa – Pass

150 Pa – Pass

300 Pa – Pass

500 Pa – Pass



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3.1. Test # 1 – 75 Pa, Not Vented to Exterior

Test Conditions

Test Date: December 14, 2012

Test Time: 6:20 pm




Test Parameters


Assembly: Not vented to exterior



Results

Air Leakage Rate per Area (qA) 0.00642 L/s∙m2

3.2. Test # 2 – 75 Pa, Vented to Exterior

Test Conditions


Test Time: 7:15 pm




Test Parameters


Assembly: Vented to exterior



Results



Fig. 3.2.3 Plugs installed in the holes connecting the lateral groove to the exterior. These plugs were removed when the test wall was vented to the exterior

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PAGE 4 OF 9



Test Conditions


Test Time: 7:38 pm



Test Parameters







Results

Result Pass at 0 Pa

4.2. Test # 4 - 150 Pa, Vented to Exterior

Test Conditions


Test Time: 7:58 pm



Test Parameters







Results



Test Conditions


Test Time: 8:17 pm



Test Parameters







Results



Test Conditions


Test Time: 8:35 pm


Relative Humidity: 94-%

Test Parameters






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PAGE 5 OF 9


Results


4.5. Test # 7 - 150 Pa, Not Vented to Exterior

Test Conditions


Test Time: 9:30 pm



Test Parameters


Assembly: Not Vented to exterior





Results



Test Conditions


Test Time: 9:51 pm



Test Parameters


Assembly: Not Vented to exterior





Results



Test Conditions


Test Time: 10:09 pm



Test Parameters


Assembly: Not Vented to Exterior





Results


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PAGE 6 OF 9


5.1. Pressure Equalization

Five pressure taps were installed at various locations throughout the wall assembly. The pressure taps were used to assess the effectiveness of venting to the exterior in achieving pressure moderation between the lateral grooves and the exterior. The pressure difference at pressure taps was recorded during each test unless noted otherwise. Fig. 5.1.1 is an elevation of the test wall which indicates the location of the pressure taps and the threaded tie-down rods with oversized chases.

Fig. 5.1.1 Elevation of test wall which indicates the location

of the pressure taps and threaded tie-down rods with oversized chases

Table 5.1 Pressure difference at pressure tap locations.

Test # Vented/not vented to exterior

Test

ΔP (pa)

ΔP (pa) at pressure tap locations

1 2 3 4 5

1 Not vented 75 19 19 19 19 19

2 Vented 75 75 60 57 57 60

3 Vented 0 NA NA NA NA NA

4 Vented 150 140 100 95 95 NA

5 Vented 300 300 196 180 178 199

6 Vented 500 470 270 253 258 272

7 Not vented 150 5 NA NA NA NA



The results shown in Table 5.1 indicate that venting the lateral grooves to the exterior was effective in achieving pressure moderation; however, at higher test pressures the moderation was less effective. As such, if this technique is to be used it may be recommended to increase the size of the holes connecting the lateral grooves to the exterior.

5.2. Air Tightness

When the lateral grooves were not vented to the exterior and the log wall assembly was tested to the standard of ASTM E283, the assembly achieved an Air Leakage Rate per fixed area (qA) of 0.00642 L/s∙m2, when tested at a pressure differential of 75 Pa.

When the lateral grooves were vented to the exterior and the log wall assembly was retested to the standard of ASTM E283, the log wall assembly achieved an Air Leakage Rate per fixed area (qA) of 0.00642 L/s∙m2, when tested at a pressure differential of 75 Pa.


When the lateral grooves were not vented to the exterior and the log wall assembly was tested to the standard of ASTM E331, no water ingress was observed through the specimen at differential pressures of 0, 150, 300, and 500 Pa.

When the lateral grooves were vented to the exterior and the log wall assembly was retested to the standard of ASTM E331, no water ingress was observed through the specimen at differential pressures of 150, 300, and 500 Pa.



Project Engineer



¾” threaded tie-down rod

1 ¼” oversized chase

tallinNew Stamp

tallinNew Stamp

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PAGE 7 OF 9

APPENDIX A – TEST PROCEDURES AND SETUP


Air Test


Water Test



Air Test



Water Test





Air Test


Water Test




A.4. Test Equipment

Test Wall



Depressurization


Air Test



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PAGE 8 OF 9


Water Testing



The pressure difference between the lateral groove and the exterior was measured with an Alnor AXD 610 manometer.

A.5. Documentation

Terminology









Water Test


t The barometric air pressure was not recorded, but was obtained afterwards from a nearby weather station in Pitt Meadows, BC.

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APPENDIX B - TYPICAL DETAILS FOR LOG TEST WALL ASSEMBLY

Rendering of a typical log test wall assembly showing an unobstructed later groove which is vented to the exterior by an oversized tie-down rod chases and a diagonal hole exiting to the exterior side of the wall within the bottom log.

R:\5197 - Log Home Building Enclosure Performance\5197.10 - Building Science Consulting Services\Report\5197.10 - Module 4 - ASTM E283 and E331 Labatory Air and Water Test - 2013 01 25.doc

5197.10 - Log Hom


ance 1.1.1

ASTM E283 &


Module #4




WALL Module #4 – Scribe Fit Log Wall Assembly


February 12, 2013 Draft Report

client repor

t

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1.1. Attendees ..................................................... 1


2. Summary ................................................................ 2

2.1. Test Results .................................................. 2



3.1. Test # 1 – 75 Pa, Not Vented to Exterior ......... 3

3.2. Test # 2 – 75 Pa, Vented to Exterior ............... 3

3.3. Test # 3 – 300 Pa, Vented to Exterior ............. 3


4.1. Test # 4 – 0 Pa, Vented to Exterior ................. 4






4.7. Test # 10 - 500 Pa, Not Vented to Exterior ...... 5


5.1. Pressure Equalization ................................... 6

5.2. Air Tightness ................................................. 6


Appendix A – Test Procedures and Setup

Appendix B – Typical Details for Log Test Wall Assembly

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PAGE 1 OF 10


The following tests were performed to evaluate the performance of the log wall assembly:

1) A test to determine the log wall air leakage rate when the vertical tie-down rod chase and lateral grooves were not connected to the exterior side of the wall (not vented). Test performed in general conformance with ASTM E283.

2) A test to determine the log wall air leakage rate when the vertical tie-down rod chase and lateral grooves were connected to the exterior side of the wall with a 1¼” hole (vented). Test performed in general conformance with ASTM E283.

3) A test to determine the log wall water penetration resistance when the vertical tie-down rod chase and lateral grooves were not connected to the exterior (not vented). Test performed in general conformance with ASTM E331.

4) A test to determine the log wall water penetration resistance when the vertical tie-down rod chase and lateral grooves were connected to the exterior side of the wall with a 1¼” hole (vented). Test performed in general conformance with ASTM E331.

1.1. Attendees

Table 1.1.1 General Information

General




t Dave Ricketts - RDH Building Engineering Ltd


t Luke King – RDH Building Engineering Ltd.

t John Boys – Nicola Logworks Ltd.


Table 1.2.1 Specimen Description

Module #4 – 14” Scribe Fit Log Wall Assembly

Wall Assembly Type Module #4 – 14” Scribe Fit Log Wall Assembly

Age 0


2304 mm x 2224 mm (91 5/8” x 87 ½ ”)


Material List Shop dried, douglas fir logs with diameters ranging from 11” to 14”. The test Log assembly was hand built using a scribe-fit technique. Scribed joints included a double P-gasket (ext. & int.). Threaded tie down rods (3/4” diameter) were installed in an oversized 1¼” chase.

The lateral grooves were vented to the exterior by two oversized tie-down rod chases that ran vertically the height of the test wall and exited to the exterior side of the wall on a diagonal in the bottom log, refer to Appendix B. The diagonal holes vented to the exterior side of the wall were plugged and sealed when simulating a lateral grove which was not vented.

Eight pressure taps were installed at various locations to monitor the pressure difference between the lateral groove and the exterior, refer to Fig. 1.2.2 and Fig. 5.1.1.

Fig. 1.2.2 Overall interior view of wall assembly showing 8 pressure taps connected with vinyl tubing.

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PAGE 2 OF 10

2. Summary

2.1. Test Results

Table 2.1.1 Test Results Summary

Module #4 – 14” Scribe Fit Log Wall Assembly

Lateral grooves vented to the exterior

Lateral grooves not vented to the exterior

Water Test Pressure

0 Pa

150 Pa

300 Pa

500 Pa

150 Pa

300 Pa

500 Pa


ASTM E331

ASTM E283

ASTM E331

Details Included

Wall assembly only Wall assembly only

Air Test Results

0.0058 L/s.m2 @ 75Pa

0.0058 L/s.m2 @ 75Pa

Water Test Results

0 Pa – Pass

150 Pa – Pass

300 Pa – Pass

500 Pa – Pass

150 Pa – Pass

300 Pa – Pass

500 Pa – Pass



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PAGE 3 OF 10


3.1. Test # 1 – 75 Pa, Not Vented to Exterior

Test Conditions


Test Time: 10:45 am




Test Parameters





Results



Test Conditions


Test Time: 11:10 am




Test Parameters


Assembly: Vented to Exterior



Results




Test Conditions


Test Time: 11:17 am




Test Parameters





Results


Fig. 3.3.2 1 ¼” holes venting lateral grooves to the exterior side of the wall

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PAGE 4 OF 10



Test Conditions


Test Time: 12:28 pm



Test Parameters







Results

Result Pass at 0 Pa


Test Conditions


Test Time: 12:45 pm



Test Parameters







Results



Test Conditions


Test Time: 1:03 pm



Test Parameters







Results



Test Conditions


Test Time: 1:25 pm



Test Parameters






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PAGE 5 OF 10


Results



Test Conditions


Test Time: 2:55 pm



Test Parameters







Results



Test Conditions


Test Time: 3:12 pm



Test Parameters







Results



Test Conditions


Test Time: 3:32 pm



Test Parameters







Results


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PAGE 6 OF 10


5.1. Pressure Equalization

Eight pressure taps were installed at various locations throughout the wall assembly. The pressure taps were used to assess the effectiveness of venting to the exterior in achieving pressure moderation between the lateral grooves and the exterior. The pressure difference at pressure taps was recorded during each test unless noted otherwise. Fig. 5.1.1 is an elevation of the test wall which indicates the locations of the pressure taps and the threaded tie-down rods with oversized chases.

Fig. 5.1.1 Elevation of test wall which indicates the location

of the pressure taps and threaded tie-down rods with oversized chases

Table 5.1 Pressure difference at pressure tap locations

Test #

Vented/ not

vented to exterior

ΔP

(pa)

ΔP (pa) at pressure tap locations

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

1 Not vented

75 9 5 10 4 8 7 11 7

2 Vented 75 57 18 73 31 63 54 73 75

3 Vented 300 209 75 275 105 219 186 266 269

4 Vented 0 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 5 Vented 150 40 NA NA 45 89 75 NA NA 6 Vented 300 135 NA NA 85 190 156 NA NA 7 Vented 500 213 NA NA 145 279 235 NA NA 8 Not

vented 150 1 NA NA 0.7 0.7 0.7 NA NA

9 Not vented

300 0.5 NA NA 0.4 0.2 0.1 NA NA

10 Not vented

500 0.9 NA NA 0.5 0.7 0.1 NA NA

The results shown in Error! Reference source not found. indicate that venting the lateral grooves to the exterior was effective in achieving pressure moderation; however, at higher test pressures the moderation was less effective. As such, if this technique is to be used it may be recommended to increase the size of the holes connecting the lateral grooves to the exterior.

5.2. Air Tightness

When the lateral grooves were not vented to the exterior and the log wall assembly was tested to the standard of ASTM E283, the log wall assembly achieved an Air Leakage Rate per fixed area (qA) of 0.0058 L/s∙m2, when tested at a pressure differential of 75 Pa.

When the lateral grooves were vented to the exterior and the log wall assembly was retested to the standard of ASTM E283, the log wall assembly achieved an Air Leakage Rate per fixed area (qA) of 0.00582 L/s∙m2, when tested at a pressure differential of 75 Pa. When tested at a differential pressure of 300 Pa, the Air Leakage Rate per fixed area (qA) was 0.00582 L/s∙m2


When the lateral grooves were not vented to the exterior and the log wall assembly was tested to the standard of ASTM E331, no water ingress was observed through the specimen, at differential pressures of 0, 150, 300, and 500 Pa.

When the lateral grooves were vented to the exterior and the log wall assembly was retested to the standard of ASTM E331, no water ingress was observed through the specimen, at differential pressures of 150, 300, and 500 Pa.



Engineer

¾” threaded tie-down rod

1 ¼” oversized chase

tallinNew Stamp

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


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PAGE 7 OF 10



tallinNew Stamp

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PAGE 8 OF 10

APPENDIX A – TEST PROCEDURES AND SETUP


Air Test


Water Test



Air Test



Water Test





Air Test


Water Test




A.4. Test Equipment

Test Wall



Depressurization


Air Test



. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


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Water Testing



The pressure difference between the lateral groove and the exterior was measured with an Alnor AXD 610 manometer.

A.5. Documentation

Terminology









Water Test


t The barometric air pressure was not recorded, but was obtained afterwards from a nearby weather station in Pitt Meadows, BC.

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APPENDIX B - TYPICAL DETAILS FOR LOG TEST WALL ASSEMBLY

Typical log wall assembly showing pressure equalization cavity and dog-leg to the exterior (pressure equalization plugs removed). Note the 5/8” thru-bolt within the 1¼” oversized hole.

Rendering of a typical log test wall assembly showing an unobstructed later groove which is vented to the exterior by and oversized tie-down rod chase and a diagonal hole exiting to the exterior side of the wall within the bottom log.

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