Portable & IoT Display challenges and opportunities - Part 1b : UHD, HDR and Wide Color Gamut
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Transcript of Portable & IoT Display challenges and opportunities - Part 1b : UHD, HDR and Wide Color Gamut
Portable&IoTDisplaysPart1b:UHD,HDR&WCG
Market,Technologies,Insights,Challenges&Opportuni8es
©2015~2016,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved
Firstpresented,BayAreaSID.Sep’23rd2015
Agenda• Part1a:InternalPanel
– PanelindustryBackground.InternalPanelvsotherDisplaytypes– TFTDisplaytechnologyandtheprogressionoftheTCON– Revolu8onsinPortable&IoTDisplays– Real-worldexample:thebenefitsofDisplayTechnology&Innova8on
• Part1b:Lookingahead~1+yrs– 4KUHD,HDR&WCGChallenges
• Part1c:Lookingahead>1yrs– 8Kandbeyond:theVR/ARSOL– IoTChallenges:BigandSmall(Outsidescope:TouchandTouch-DisplayIntegra8on.Availableseparately)
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 2
2016:WaveofUHDCinema/Movies/Displays
TheHollywoodReporter:“previouslyreported…bothStarWars:TheForceAwakensandKosiniski’supcomingTronsequelwillbereleasedinDolbyVision”
CinemaCon:LaunchedApril23rd2015DCCinemaToday:“DolbyShowcasesEnd-to-EndInnova?onforCinema”“DolbyImpressesCinemaConwith1,000,000:1HDR”
BD-UHDLaunch:Sep’2015(SamsungIFA,Berlin)TV’s&Players:Xmas’15~CES’16
AmazonhNp://www.digitaltrends.com/home-theater/amazon-will-bring-hdr-this-year-transparent-bosch/
NeilixhNp://www.wired.com/2015/03/neilix-will-remake-image-tv/
hNp://www.extremetech.com/extreme/213396-samsung-launches-first-the-worlds-first-4k-blu-ray-player
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 3
TechnicolorJune2014:…playsbackonlegacySDRTVsandnewHDRTVscomingtomarket.
Pixels Per Inch maxed out ? Who cares 4K ?
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 4
IntelIDF2013
“UHD”:Notjust4K
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 5
“UHD” Content = HDR Localized Highlights
• Ideal HDR : 10% localized highlights 750~1000nits – Background max : 400 nits
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 6
No clear path to achieve content intent on consumer OLED
“UHD” Content = Color Gamut Advancement • Today : sRGB (~72% NTSC), LCD & OLED: ✔
– Portable devices mostly LCD (60~72%) – Internet & HD content
• First step : DCI-P3 (~110% NTSC), LCD: ✔ – Movie camera, content, cinema – Backwards/forward compatible
• Longer Goal : BT2020 (~150% NTSC), LCD: ✔ – “Superset” container – Fully contains DCI-P3 – Fully contains NTSC / sRGB
630
532
467
540
615
DCI-P3sRGB
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 7
No clear path to achieve >90% P3 on consumer OLED
LCDRecap:WhiteLEDBacklight
Excita8on
Emission
λ 800nm
X =
440~460nm λ 800nm560nm440~460nm560nm
+ =YAG-PhosphorBlueLED LEDOutput
(dirty)WhiteLED
(dirty)WhiteLED LCDColorFilter(CF60) LCDColorDisplayOutput
RGB
Transmissi8vityIntensity
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 8
Color Filter Efficiency
50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
110%120%130%140%150%
CF90
CF72
%NTSC
Rela?veLuminosity 90% NTSC : White LED 110% NTSC : Blue LED + QD (Nanosys proposal)
MatchOriginalBrightness+WideGamut!2xBacklight
2xBacklight
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 9
ColorFilter
“WideGamut”LCD:TheStateoftheArt
X =
RG-PhosphorLEDNarrowColorFilter(CF90) ThinnerSpectralPeaks
WiderColorGamut
RGB
532nm447nm 635nm
Thicker/Absorp_veColorFilter
Example:NichiaNS2W266F-HG
TotalBacklightPowerIncrease:1.8~2.4x
100%
WastedEnergy
TransmissionIntensity
20~50%loss15~30%lessefficient
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 10
SiAlONKSF
E.g.9.7”Re_naTablet,bruteforceapproachLGDLP097QX1$87 Today:Max440cd/m2 HDR-Only:750cd/m2 UHD10%750cd/m2+90%400@P3
ContrastRa8o 1000:1 1000:1 >50,000:1(RegionalBacklight)
ColorSpace(%NTSC) 94.4% 94% 110%
#LEDs(3.0mmx0.4) 2x42pcs=84pcs49pcs(4.2mm)
143pcs(1.7x)83pcs(4.2mm)
184pcs(2.2x)108pcs(4.2mm)
LEDBOMCost $13.27 $22.60(+$9.33) $29.20(+$16.64)
BacklightBar 2S-edge(49pcs@3m)✓ 2S-edge(35pcs@4m)✗2L-edge(46pcs@4m)✓
2L-edge(46pcs@4m)✗2L+2S(162pcs@4m)✓ (4edges)
B/LPower(max) 4.4W 8.9W* 11.6W*
BaNeryLifeVideouse-case,42.5WHr
400nits5.57Hrs200nits10Hrs
4.08Hrs 3.22Hrs(Same5.57Hr=73.5WHrBaNery)
BaNeryCost(10Hrs) $31 $72(+$41) $91(+$43)
TotalBOMCostAdder ~ >$50 >$60
IGZO25~30%moreefficient,only2edgebacklight©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 11
WhatwouldthatlooklikewithHDR&WCG?
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 12
Re8na:2sideLED-strip Re8na+HDR:4sidedLED-strip+Bezel
WiderBezel
AddedCost
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 13
7mmiPadRe8na
6.9mmiPadAir2
6.1mmiPadPro9.7”
9mmiPadXHDR
2012BaNery:32.9WHr
HDRBaNery:73.5WHr
WhatwouldthatlooklikewithHDR&WCG?
2014BaNery:27.62WHr
2016BaNery:27.5WHr
Imagine,iPadX:Thicker&HeavierwithHDR&WCG?
IsQuantumDotthesolu_on?
λ 380nm 780nm
I
X =
BlueLED
Thin/WideColorFilter(CF72) UltraWideColorGamut
GreenQD RedQD
BlueLED+QuantumDotFilm
100%
FWHM:35~25nm FWHM:35~25nm FWHM:35~25nm
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 14
Energy-wastereduced=+20~30%EfficiencyImprovement…beNer,butdoesnotachieve1000nitHDR
QDIssues:$$$Cost.Thickness.Thermal/O2Stability(Life_me).QDchoices:HeavyMetals:Cadmium,orlowerefficiency/life:Indium
Whatisneeded:• Moreefficiencywithsamelifespanas(Inorganic)LED+LCD
– Recycle,shiv,&re-emitunusedwavelengths
• BrightnessofLED+LCD,withbeNerthanOLEDdynamicrange• WiderContrastRa8o:beNerblacksthrulocalizedhighlights• Op8mizedop8cs:loweroverallpower,withlocalizedbrightspots• Morepurelightsources:moreefficiency&widercolorgamut
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 15
Solu8onsthatextend/leveragecurrenttechnologies&processes
“UHD” Content = 10x Bandwidth & Power
• BluRay (FHD) è BluRayUHD (4K) – More Pixels (4x) – 30 è 60fps (2x) – 18/24bit è 30/36 bit per pixel (1.25~1.5x) è10~12x Bandwidth (20x for 4K-Stereo3D)
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 16
• Reminder : Power = VIL + akV2F (leakage power + active power) – If F(frequency) or a(activity) = 4x increase, then power increase = Linear ?
– No. Higher F also requires higher Voltage è Cubic increase in power
Opportunity : Efficiency improvements
1990’s~2014 : Display Experience
FrameRate(Hz)24
ContrastRa8o
ColorGamut
ColorPrecision
BT.2020
DCI-P3
NTSC<72%sRGB
FP
<500:11000:1
50,000:1
Resolu8on
HD~FHDQHD
4K
8K
1500:1
≤300nits750nits
1000nits
500nits
60 12048
DynamicRange
10
6~8bpp12
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 17
24~30fps(on60Hz)
2015~ : UHD Display Experience
ContrastRa_o
ColorGamut
ColorPrecision
DCI-P3
10bpc+PQ
50,000:1
Resolu8on
4K
750nits
60Hz
DynamicRange
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 18
vs2015• 2~4xincreaseinres• 2~3xcolorgamut• 2~xbrightnessrange• ~10xcontrastra8o• 10~20xbandwidth
24
BT.2020
NTSC
FP
1000:1
50,000:1
QHD
8K
1000nits
500nits
1204812 610 8
4K+HDR+P3UHD=10xchange
FrameRate(Hz)
Conclusions• TsunamiofUHDcontentin2016
– UHDnotjustabout:morepixels.ItisaboutBeNerPixels
• Compellingexperience,very-highWAF*fornewproductsales– WeareallgoingtowantthisonMobile/PortablePlaiorms– OLEDverychallengedneeds“waivers”onrequirements– LCDneedsimprovementstogetthereonportableplaiorms
• Opportuni8es:Many– Brightness,ColorGamut,ColorBitDepth,Bandwidth,DynamicRange– Revolu8onizingtheLightsourceitself
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 19*WAF:“WifeAcceptanceFactor”
Next:Looking>1yrsahead
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 20
Backup
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 21
TFT Backplane (OLED/LCD) A-SiAmorphousSi
LTPSLow-TempPolySi
IGZOOxide
ElectronMobility(higher=beNer) Ok(<1cm2/V-sec)) Best(>100) BeNer(>10cm2/V-sec)
OffLeakageCurrent(lower=beNer) Ok(10-12) BeNer(10-14) Best(10-15)
Deposi8onProcess(lower=beNer) 350°C 600°C RoomTemp
ProcessComplexity Low(4~5steps) High(5~11steps) Low(5~7steps)
PixelComplexity High(4T/5T+1/2C) High(5T+2C) Lo/Hi(2/6T+1/2C)
ProcessScalability Gen10(2.8mx3.1m) Gen5(1.1mx1.2m) Gen10(2.8mx3.1m)
Mura(Uniformity) Good Ok:Inter-column Ok:Regional
DriverIntegra8on(cost/lowprofile) Par8al Yes Yes
Prac8calDPI(backlight,power,speed) <300ppi >500ppi >500ppi
Prac8calHighRef(w/ooverdrive) <80Hz <120Hz >80Hz
Prac8calLowRef(w/oflicker) >45Hz >30Hz >20Hz
Prac8calApplica8on Under300ppi Panels≤10” Panels≥7”
Claimed:Simplest.Cheapest
BestLowRefreshRange
BestHighRefreshRange
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 22
iPhoneBOMCost
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 23
iPadBOM
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 24
LEDEfficiency–NichiacaseexampleFlux Intensity Efficiency Size Example Est.Cost
StandardW-LED ~8lm ~2.5cd 110~135lm/W 3.0x0.85x0.4 NSSW306-F $0.132
SingleRG-LED ~6.8lm ~2.3cd 110~120lm/W 3.0x0.85x0.4 NSSW306-F
DoubleW-LED 16.4lm 4.5cd 125~155lm/W 4.2x1.0x0.6 NSSW266-F $0.268
DoubleRG-LED 14.5lm 4.5cd 120~145lm/W 4.2x1.0x0.6 NSSW266-F
StandardW-LED ~9.5lm ~2.8cd 140~165lm/W 3.0x0.85x0.6 NSSW306-F $0.158
SingleRG-LED ~8.1lm ~2.7cd 140~lm/W 3.0x0.85x0.6 NSSW306-HG
Source:hNp://www.nichia.co.jp/en/product/led_search.html?op=cond=applica8on=%27LCD%20Backligh8ng%27
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 25
NanosysQDProposal
©2015~6,PixelDisplayInc.AllRightsReserved 26
hNps://www.nanosysinc.com/s/high-efficiency-lcds-using-quantum-dot-films.pdf