Porsche 944 1987 Owner's Manual EN

8/19/2019 Porsche 944 1987 Owner's Manual EN

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From http://www.9ss1.dk/porsche944

Driver's Manual

IMPORTANTFor your own protection and longerservice life of your car, please heed alloperating instructions and specialwarnings. Ignoring them could result inserious mechanical failure or evenphysical injury.

WKD 944021 8 M 6/86 Edition 87

© Dr. Ing. h. c. F. Porsche AktiengesellschaftAll rights reserved.Printed in Germany

Your car may have all or some of thecomponents described in this manual. Shouldyou find explanations of a feature or equipmentnot installed in your car, your Porsche dealer willbe glad to assist you. Also check with yourdealer on other available options or accessories.Text, illustrations and specifications in thismanual are based on the information availableat the time of printing.It has always been Porsche's policy tocontinuously improve its products. Porsche,therefore, reserves the right to make changes indesign and specifications, and to make additionsor improvements in its product, without incurringany obligation to install them on productspreviously manufactured.

NOTE TO OWNERS In Canada, this manual is alsoavailable in French. To obtain acopy contact your dealer or write to:

NOTE AUX PROPRIETAIRES Au Canada on peut se procurer unexemplaire de ce Manuel en fran-gais aupres du concessionaire ou

du:Volkswagen Canada Inc.Porsche Customer Assistance /Assistance a la Clientele Porsche1940 Eglinton Ave. EastScarboroughOntario M1L 2M2

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Judging by the car you have chosen, you are amotorist of a special breed, and you areprobably no novice when it comes toautomobiles. Remember however that, as withany vehicle, you should take time to familiarizeyourself with your Porsche and its performancecharacteristics. Always drive within your ownunique capabilities as a driver and your level ofexperience with your Porsche. Ensure that

anyone else driving your Porsche does thesame. To prevent or minimize injury, alwaysuse your safety belts. Never drink alcoholbefore or while driving.This Owner's Manual contains a host of usefulinformation. Please read this manual beforeyou drive your new Porsche. Acquaint yourselfwith your car's features and know how tooperate your Porsche more safely. The betteryou know your Porsche, the more pleasure youwill experience driving your new car.A separate Warranty and Maintenance bookletexplains how you can keep your Porsche in topdriving condition by having i t serviced regularly.

It also contains detailed information about thewarranties covering your Porsche. Thesewarranties are:"Warranty for new Porsche vehicles","Warranty against corrosion for new Porschevehicles", "Warranty for new Porsche vehicleemission control system", "Emissionsperformance warranty" (USA only), and"California emission control system warranty"

(California USA only). In order to keep yourwarranty in effect, you must have the vehiclemaintained and serviced as prescribed in theWarranty and Maintenance booklet provided toyou at the time of sale.Always carry your Warranty & Maintenancebooklet with you when you take your Porscheto an authorized dealer for service. It providesyour Service Adviser with the information heneeds and enables him to record each service.If you sell your Porsche the Owner's Manualand the Warranty & Maintenance bookletshould be left in the vehicle to make alloperating safety and

maintenance information available to the nextowner.If you change your address or if you bought thisPorsche used be sure to send in a "Notice ofAddress Change"/ "Notice of Used CarPurchase" post card. This card can be found inthe Warranty & Maintenance booklet orobtained from your Porsche dealer.It is in your own interest that we can contact

you, should the need arise. In case anyadjustments or modifications need to be madeto your Porsche to maintain its safety.For your own protection and longer service lifeof your car, please heed all operatinginstructions and special warnings. Ignoringthem could result in serious mechanical failureor even physical injury.We wish you many miles of safe andpleasurable driving in your

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INDEX

A ABSAcceleration diagramAccelerator pedalAir Bag System

Air - cleaner- conditioner- filterAlternator warning lightAntifreezeAntilock, Brake systemAnti-theft alarmAshtrayAutomatic- garage door- speed control- transmission- transmission fluid

B BatteryBoost pressure gaugeBrake - booster- fluid- fluid warning light

- pads- parking- pedal- system- warning lightBreak-in hintsBulb replacingBuzzer

28,39118-129

5520, 21, 38, 39

80, 8144-4680,81

3974,75,110

28, 3911

42, 982529

53-5578,110,128

90-923427

39,79,11039

27,37,47,79,8026

26, 2726,27,115

3747

93-9810,18,24,30

C/D CASISCapacitiesCar care instructionsCasisCatalytic ConverterCautionsCentral lockingCentral warning light

Cigarette lighterCleaningClockClutch pedalCollapsible spare tireControl warning light systemCoolant Temperature GaugeCooling systemCorrosion preventionDashboardDefogging/defrostingDimensionsDoorsDriving hints

E/F Electrical systemEmergency- flasher- starting

Emission Control SystemEngine - cooling- exhaust- hood- number- oil checking & changing- oil-speed, max

35110

61-6635

50,102671337

4161-66

402785

36-3936

74-7765-66

2444-46

11412,13

8-9, 48, 49

89-924192

100-10374-77

4858

669-72

69,110,111,12834,47,52,106-108

Fan control switch knobFan, radiatorFilling capacitiesFog lightsFuel - economy- evaporation control- gauge- recommendation- tank

Fuses and relays

G/H Gas Station InformationGasoholGasolineGear ratio diagramGearshift leverGlove compartmentHatchbackHeadlightsHeadlight- dimmer- flasher- switch- washing systemHeater/ventilation controlsHood - front- rearHorn

I/J Ignition/steering lockInstrument illuminationInstrumentsInterior ligh

4436, 74

11030, 96, 97

4910337

50, 5150,110

89,126

126-12951

50,51122-125

52-554256

30,95,99303030

31,32,81,11044-46

5856,5721,24

2430

33-4043, 98

4

Jack- supports

K/L

KeysKickdownLane changerLeatherLicense plate lightLight switchLights - ashtray- fog- interior- license plate- parking- turn signalLocks - doors, wheelsLoudspeakersLubricantsLuggage compartment

M/O Manual transmission

- oilMirrorsOil- change- consumption- filter changing- pressure gauge- pressure warning lightOctane ratingOxygen Sensor

P/R Paint code number

6887, 88, 129

10-11,86553065983098

30, 96, 9743, 98

9830, 37, 93, 94

30,93,9410-13, 86

89110,111

57

52,122-125

77,11022,4371,72

47, 6971, 72

3838

50, 51,106-108101,102

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Parking- brake- lightsPerformancePower assisted steering

Power trainPower windowsProp-up roofRadiator fanRear - hood- view mirrors- window defogger- wiperRecirculation SwitchRefrigerantRelaysRimsRoof racksRoof, removable

S Safe driving hintsSafetybeltsSafety belt warning light

Safety compliance stickerSeat heating SystemSeatsSekuriflex windshieldShift indicatorShift pointsSide marker lightsSki racksSnow- chains- tiresSpare tire, collapsibleSpark plugsSpecifications, engine

26, 3730,37,93,94

11673

10912

59, 6036, 7456,57

22414244

46,11089,126

64,112,11357,11459, 60

8-917-21,65

18,37

715

14-1631, 63, 64

3552-55

9457,114

83, 84,112,11383,84, 111,113

85106-108106-109

SpeedometerStarting proceduresSun visors

T/U TachometerTechnical dataTirepressureTiresTool kitTrip odometerTransmission oilTrunkTurn signal lightsUndercoatingUnleaded fuel

V/W Vehicle identificationVentilationVoltmeterWarning/indicator lightsWasher reservoir

WashingWater temperature gaugeWeatherstripsWeightsWheel alignmentWheel nuts, lockableWheelsWheel changingWindowsWindshield- washer reservoir- wiper/washer lever

3324, 25

43

34, 35105-125

82,112,113,12947,82-87,112,113

6833

77, 78,11056,57

30, 37, 93, 9465, 66,100

50, 51,106-108,110

6-744-46

3835-40

81,110

61-663664

11411586

47,64,82-87,11285-88

12,63,6481,110

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Location of VehicleIdentification Number,Paint and Engine NumberWhen ordering spare parts or submittinginquiries, always quote vehicleidentification and engine number to assurecorrect and prompt service.

Vehicle Identification number In accordance with Federal SafetyRegulations, the vehicle identification numberof your car is located on the left* windshieldpillar and can be seen from the outside.

Throughout this booklet and other Porschepublications applicable to USA vehicles, left isdesignated as the driver's side of the vehicle,

and right as the passenger's side of thevehicle.

Engine number The engine number is stamped on the leftside of the crankcase next to the clutchhousing.

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Paint number

The paint number sticker is on the left side ofthe engine compartment, to the right of thecentral electric box.

The Safety Compliance Sticker is your

assurance that your new Porsche complieswith all applicable Federal Motor VehicleSafety Standards which were in effect at thetime the vehicle was manufactured. Thissticker is located on the left side of the enginecompartment to the left of the central electricbox.The sticker also shows the month and year ofproduction and the vehicle identificationnumber of your car as well as the GrossVehicle Weight Rating and the Gross AxleWeight Rating.

The Vehicle Identification Label is located

under the luggage compartment carpeting andattached to the rear panel next to the left taillight housing. This label contains the followinginformation:1. Vehicle Identification Number2. Vehicle Code3. Engine and Transmission Code4. Paint and Interior Code5. Option CodesA duplicate of this label is in your Warrantyand Maintenance booklet.

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Dear Porsche Owner Before going on a trip...

A lot has gone into the manufacture of yourPorsche, including advanced engineeringtechniques, rigid quality control anddemanding inspections. These engineeringand safety features will be enhanced byyou... the safe driver... who knows his car and all controlswho maintains his vehicle properlywho uses his driving skills wisely, and whoalways drives within his own capabilities andhis level of familiarity with his vehicle.You will find helpful hints in this manual onhow to perform most of the checks listed onthese pages. If in doubt, have these checksperformed by your Porsche dealer.

First things first Turn the engine off before you attempt anychecks or repairs of the vehicle.Be sure tires are inflated correctly. Check fordamage and tire wear.See that wheel bolts are properly tightenedand not loose or missing.Check engine oil level, add if necessary.Make it a habit to have engine oil checkedwith every fuel filling.Check coolant level to assure sufficientengine cooling.Be sure you have a well charged battery.Check brake fluid level. If too low, havebrake system checked.Replenish windshield washer fluid.Check if engine hood is latched safely.Replace worn or cracked wiper blades.See that all windows are clear andunobstructed.Keep air intake slots and area betweenengine hood and windshield free of snow andice, so that the heater and the windshieldwipers work properly.

Check whether all light lenses are clean.

Be sure all lights are working and headlightsare aimed correctly.Check under vehicle for leaks.Be sure all luggage is stowed securely.

Emergency equipment 3It is good practice to carry emergencyequipment in your vehicle. Some of the thingsyou should have are: window scraper, snowbrush, container or bag of sand or salt,emergency light, small shovel, first-aid kit, etc.

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In the driver's seat... On the road...

Check operation of horn.

Position seat for easy reach of controls.Adjust inside and outside rear v iew mirrors.Attach your safety belts.Check operation of foot and parking brakes.Check all warning and indicator lights whenstarting the engine.NEVER leave car idling unattended.Lock doors from inside, especially withchildren in the car.To prevent inadvertent opening of doorsfrom inside or outside, drive with lockeddoors.

Never drive after you have consumedalcohol.Always have your safety belt attached.Always drive defensively. Expect theunexpected.Use signals to indicate turns and lanechanges.Turn on headlights at dusk.Always keep a safe distance from the vehiclein front of you, depending on traffic, road andweather conditions.Reduce speed at night and during inclementweather.

Driving in wet weather requires caution andreduced speeds, particularly on roads withstanding water, as the handling characteristics

of the vehicle may be impaired due to tireaquaplaning.Also, when crossing stretches of deeper waterthere is a danger that too high of a speed cancause water to enter the engine combustionchambers through the intake air systemand/or water may strike the cooling fancausing cooling system damage. In order toavoid possible en-

gine or cooling system damage when drivingthrough deep water, the vehicle should bedriven at a walking speed in first gear.Observe speed limits and obey road signs.

When tired, get well off the road, stop andtake a rest. Turn the engine off. Do not sit inthe vehicle with engine idling. SeeWARNINGS on "Engine Exhaust".When parked, always set the parking brake.Move the selector lever to "P" (Automatictransmission) or move the gearshift lever toreverse or first gear (Manual transmission).On hills also turn the wheels toward the curb.When emergency repairs become necessary,move the vehicle well off the road. Turn on

emergency flasher and use other warningdevices to alert other motorists. Do not parkor operate the vehicle in areas where the hotexhaust system may come in contact with drygrass, brush, fuel spill or other flammablematerial.Make it a habit to have the engine oilchecked with every fuel filling.

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NEVER invite car theft!

An unlocked car with the key in the ignitionswitch invites car theft.A steering wheel lock and a buzzer alarm arestandard equipment in your Porsche. Thebuzzer will sound if you open the driver's doorwhile the key is still in the ignition lock. It is

your reminder to pull the key out of the ignitionlock and to lock the doors.

Always remove the ignition key, especiallyif children are left unattended in thevehicle. Unsupervised use of any vehiclekey may cause serious personal injury.NEVER leave your vehicle unattended withthe key in the ignition lock. Take the keyand lock the doors.

Keys The vehicle is supplied with three keys fittingall locks. All keys are symmetrical so thatthere is no wrong way of inserting them in thelocks. Two keys (a) are fitted with a batterylight which is integrated in the plastic handleand lights up upon pressing the contactbutton. The third key (b) is flat and should bekept as an "emergency key", for instance, inyour purse.

After pulling the plastic head off the flat key,you can snap on a luminous plastic handleavailable from your Porsche dealer.

WARNINGNEVER remove the key from the steeringlock while you are driving or as the car isrolling to a stop. The steering column willlock when you remove the key, and youwill not be able to steer the car. When the key bulb becomes weak, youshould install a new battery of the samevoltage. Acid leaking from a dischargedbattery might damage your clothing.

1. Use your finger nail or a small screw driverto carefully lift the key handle cover.

2. Insert a new commercial battery (1.5 V) inthe contact button.

3. Assemble key top as shown in the abovefigure.

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Key number The key number is impressed on a plastic tag(d) which comes with the keys. Detach this tagand keep it in a safe p lace. The key numbersof the other keys are embossed on the keyheads.

For your protection against theft: Record the key number and keep it in a safeplace, such as your wallet. Do not keep it inthe vehicle.If you should lose a key, provide yourPorsche dealer with the key number to obtaina duplicate key.

For the lockable wheel nuts, three identicalkeys (c), plus four wheel nuts with lock sleeve,are included. When taking the vehicle to yourPorsche dealer or to a workshop for wheel ortire service, remember to leave one key withthe service attendant.

In case of loss, duplicate keys cannot befurnished by your Porsche dealer. Do notleave these keys in the vehicle. Keep them ina safe place.See "Lockable wheel nuts" for details.

Anti-theft alarm If your Porsche is equipped with an antitheftalarm system, you will be given an additionalset of duplicate keys. Keep one of these keysin a safe place but not in the car.The alarm system can be activated ordeactivated with this key only.The lock for the anti-theft alarm system islocated behind the door lock on the driver'sside.To activate the alarm system, insert the keyand turn the lock slot 90° to the right.To deactivate the alarm system, insert thekey and turn the lock slot 90° to the left.

When the alarm system is activated, and anattempt is made to open either door, or to liftthe engine hood or the rear hatch, the alarmwill be triggered and will produce anintermittent high-pitched noise for about 30seconds.Should an attempt be made to start theengine, the alarm will also be set off.However, when the alarm system is activated,it is impossible to start the engine.

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DoorsTo lock, unlock and open doors from theoutside All doors can be locked with the ignition key.

The passenger door can be locked without akey by first depressing the locking knob andthen closing the door.The driver's door can only be locked from theoutside with the key. This precaution was

taken to prevent locking the driver's doorwhile the key is still inside the car.Squeeze trigger in door handle to open door.

To lock, unlock and open doors from theinside Lock or unlock door by depressing or raisingthe locking knob.Open door by pulling inside door handlelocated above the armrest.

Power Windows To open or close windows, depress the rockerswitches located in the door panels. The door

window on the passenger's side can also beoperated from the drivers side.The power windows are operational when theignition switch is turned to positions 1 or 2.Information regarding ignition switch posi-

tions will be found in section titled,"Ignition/starter switch with steering lock".When the ignition is turned off or the ignitionkey removed, the power windows can beoperated until one door is opened.

WARNING

Do not put anything on or near thewindows that may interfere with thedriver's vision.

Remove the ignition key to shut off powerto the window switches when the vehicleis not attended by a responsible person.

Remember, power is still supplied to thewindow switches until one door is opened.

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Central Locking

By means of the central locking system bothdoors are electrically locked or unlocked(locking button lowered or raised) when a doorlock is turned with the key. Before locking,make sure that both doors are properlyclosed.When the doors are locked, the removableroof is also locked at the same time.If the roof is open, it is not affected by thecentral locking system.Both doors can be individually locked frominside by pressing the locking button. If thelocking button is used to unlock one door, thesecond door is also automatically unlocked.

To prevent you from locking yourself out ofthe vehicle, it is not possible with the driver'sdoor open to lock the door lock with thelocking button.

Emergency operation

Should the central locking fail, both doors canbe opened and closed mechanically.

Central Locking Switch

By pressing the central locking switch (A) inthe centre console it is possible with theignition key in position 2 to lock or unlock bothdoors electrically. As a check, if the doors arelocked, a red indicator lamp in the switchlights up.If one of the doors has been locked manually,the red indicator lamp lights up. By pressingthe switch, the door is unlocked; whenpressed again, both doors are locked.With the ignition key removed, locking ispossible by means of the central lockingswitch. To unlock, the ignition must beswitched on or the locking button raised.

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Front seats

The correct seating position is all-important forsafe and fatigue-free driving.In order to satisfy individual requirements, theseat has infinitely variable adjustment.The rocker switches for the height adjustmentare located at the outboard side of the seat.We recommend the following procedure forfinding the correct position for the driver'sseat:1. Operate longitudinal adjustment until your

leg is fully stretched with the clutch pedaldepressed while your foot is bent.

2. Adjust desired fore/aft height.3. Clasp upper portion of steering wheel. Then

adjust backrest inclination so that bothshoulders remain in contact with thebackrest even with your arms fully

stretched.4. If necessary, correct the longitudinal

adjustment.

Seat Adjustment

The seats permit individual longitudinaladjustment. After pulling up the locking leveron the outboard side of the seat, the seat canbe repositioned forward or rearward.

WARNINGDo not adjust seats while the vehicle is in

motion. The seat may move unexpectedlywhich could cause sudden loss of vehiclecontrol or personal injury.

Backrest Adjustment

The backrests can be adjusted forward orrearward by pulling up the locking lever on theinboard side of the seat.

WARNINGFront seat passengers should not ride in amoving vehicle with the backrest reclined.

Safety belts only offer protection when thebackrest is upright and the belts areproperly positioned on the body.Improperly positioned safety belts cancause serious personal injury in anaccident.

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Electric Seat Adjustment

The lifting controls are designed for front andrear vertical adjustment by pressing a rockerswitch.A Front end upB Front end downC Rear end upD Rear end down

Vehicles with electric backrests and fore-and-aft adjustment are equipped with rocker

switches with two additional functions.A Move seat forwardB Move seat rearwardC Move backrest forwardD Move backrest rearward

Seat Heating System

The seat heating system is turned on bymeans of the switch (a); it heats the seat panand backrest. After appr. 15 minutes, a timerelay shuts off the heating automatically. Youcan also turn it off earlier by pushing theswitch downward.

Lumbar Support

The lumbar support is controlled by the rearrocker switch (b) and can beextended/retracted or raised/lowered to anyposition to support the spine.

Horizontal adjustment

Height adjustment

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Emergency Adjustment

In the event of a failure of the electricallyoperated seat adjuster, fore-and-aftadjustment of the seat can be obtained usingthe Allan key contained in the tool kit. The seatis adjusted by turning the servo motor locatedat the front on the seat using the Allan key.

Backrest Lock

The backrest is locked to prevent it from tiltingforward when you are forced to brake hard.For unlocking, pull up the knob on the left orright side of the backrest.

WARNINGFor driver and passenger protection, back-

rest locks must be engaged at all timeswhile the vehicle is in motion.

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Safety Belts

WARNING For your and your passengers'protection, use safety belts at all timeswhile the vehicle is in motion. Use childsafety seats for all small children. Safety belts must be properly positionedon the body. Improperly positioned safetybelts may cause serious personal injuryin case of an accident. Therefore heed allof the following warnings andinstructions. A combination lap-shoulder belt shouldnot be worn by a person less than 4'11"or 1.5 m in height, because it would notbe in its most protective position andtherefore may increase the possibility ofinjury in an accident. Persons smaller than 4'11" or 1.5 m inheight, and children who are able to sit

upright by themselves, should use one ofthe rear seating positions and the lap beltprovided. For maximum safety and protection, werecommend that small children travel inthe rear seats. Regardless of where smallchildren sit, remember that every state inthe US now requires small children toride in child safety seats. When driving in some states and manyforeign countries, remember that theyrequire the wearing of safety belts by law.

Do not strap in more than one person witheach belt. For maximum effectiveness, the lap belt

should be worn low across the pelviccrest. Do not wear shoulder part of belt underyour arm or otherwise out of position. Thiswould increase the possibility of seriousinjury in case of an accident. Belts should not be worn twisted. Do not wear belts over rigid or breakableobjects in or on your clothing, such as eyeglasses, pens, keys, etc. as these maycause injury. Several layers of heavy clothing mayinterfere with proper positioning of belts. Belts must not rub against sharp objects. Keep belt buckles free of any obstructionthat may prevent secure locking. Make sure that belt of the unoccupiedpassenger seat is fully wound up on itsretractor so that the belt tongue is in its

stowed position. This reduces thepossibility of the tongue hitting a vehicleoccupant in case of sudden stop. Belts that have been subjected toexcessive stretch forces in an accidentmust be replaced. If belts show damage to webbing,bindings, buckles or retractors, theyshould be replaced.

If belts do not work properly, see yourauthorized Porsche dealer. Do not modify or disassemble the safety

belts in your vehicle. The belts must be kept clean as otherwisethe retractors may not work properly (seealso "Car care instructions"). Never bleach or dye safety belts. Do not allow safety belts to retract untilthey are completely dry.

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Safety belt warning system

An audio-visual warning system isinterconnected with the driver's safety belt.Every time the ignition is turned on, the seatbelt warning light in the left instrument clustercomes on for about 6 seconds to remind driverand passenger to buckle up. If the driver doesnot fasten the safety belt, the buzzer willcontinue for the duration of this six secondperiod. The buzzer will go off as soon as thedriver has buckled up.

Inertia reel retractor

The combination lap/shoulder belt with inertiareel locking mechanism adjusts automaticallyto your size and movements as long as thepull on the belt is slow.Rapid deceleration during hard braking or acollision locks the belt. The belt will also lockwhen you drive up or down a steep hill or in asharp curve. Otherwise the shoulder belt willnot inhibit your upper body movement.

To fasten, grasp belt and pull belt incontinuous slow motion across your chestand lap.Insert belt tongue into buckle on inboard sideof seat. Push down until it securely locks withan audible click. Pull belt to check.Pull shoulder section to make sure belt fitssnugly across the hips.Belts should fit snugly across the pelvis andchest. Make sure any slack is wound on theretractor.

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To unfasten belt, push in release button onbuckle. Belt tongue will spring out of buckle.To release a locked belt, lean back to takethe body pressure off the belt.To store lap/shoulder belt, allow belt to windup on retractor as you guide belt to itsstowed position on doorpost.

Lap belts for rear seats

The lap belt with inertia reel lockingmechanism adjusts automatically to your sizeand movements as long as the pull on the beltis slow.Rapid deceleration during hard braking or a

collision locks the belt. The belt will also lockwhen you drive up or down a steep hill or in asharp curve.To fasten lap belt, grasp belt on outboardside of seat and slowly pull across the pelvis.Insert belt tongue into buckle on inboard sideof seat and push down until it securely lockswith an audible click. Pull belt to check.

To unfasten belt, push in release button onthe buckle.To store belt, allow belt to wind up as youguide belt to retractor.

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Air Bag System

The "Air Bag" in combination with the safetybelt makes up a passive safety system whichoffers the driver and front seat passenger thegreatest known protection from injuries incase of accident.The air bag system is composed of thefollowing 3 major groups:

Air bag with gas generator and ignition unit Control electronicsCollision sensors

In case of frontal collision greater than acertain severity, the collision sensors send asignal via the control electronics to the igni-

tion mechanism. In the ignition process, asolid propellant in the gas generator iscombusted in a fraction of a second. Thiscombustion generates the gas quantity andpressure necessary to fill the air bag.The air bag is located behind the s teeringwheel center pad on the driver's side, and onthe passenger side behind the padding abovethe glove compartment. Due to the rapid

deflation of the air bag after use, there is littledanger of obstructed vision. Likewise, thenoise of the inflation of the air bag generallygoes unnoticed because of the collision noise.The air bag protects the face and upper body,and at the same time dampens the forwardmotion of the driver and passenger.

Range of EffectivenessEven if your vehicle is equipped with an airbag, the safety belt must be worn, since theair bag system is only actuated by frontalcollisions and at speeds of more than 13 to 19mph (depending on collision angle). Seefigure for range of effectiveness.Below the actuation threshold of the air bagsystem, and during types of collisions which

do not cause the actuation of the system, theseat belts provide the primary protection to theoccupants when correctly worn. Therefore, allpersons within the vehicle should alwayswear safety belts (in many states, state lawrequires the use of safety belts). See also thechapter "Safety Belts".

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Maintenance / Monitor Lights The air bag system monitors the operationalreadiness of the igniter, sensors, warninglamp, and control electronics itself.Any malfunctions which may arise areannounced by the monitor lights in the right

instrument cluster. Upon activation of thevehicle ignition circuit, the "Air Bag" notation inthe instrument cluster lights up forapproximately 5 seconds and then goes outagain, indicating system readiness.In the following cases you should immediatelyconsult an authorized Porsche dealer in orderto assure the air bag system is functioningproperly:Illumination of the "Air Bag" light during travelor repeated illumination longer than 5seconds after the ignition circuit is turned on.Illumination fails to light up during ignitioncircuit activation.

In order to ensure long-term functioning, the airbag system must be inspected by anauthorized Porsche dealer after 4, 8 and 10years from the date of manufacture shown onthe safety compliance sticker, and then every 2

years.WARNING No changes must be made to the wiring orcomponents of the air bag system. Do notadd any additional coverings or stickers tothe steering wheel or in the area of thepassenger side air bag. Doing so mayadversely affect the functioning of the airbag system.

Do not undertake any wiring for electricalaccessory equipment in the vicinity of theair bag wiring harness. Doing so maydisable the air bag system. The actuation of the air bag requires theimmediate inspection of the system and

replacement of some parts of the system.See your authorized Porsche dealer. Defects should be repaired immediately.See your authorized Porsche dealer. When disposing of a used air bag unit,our safety instructions must be followed.These instructions can be obtained at anyauthorized Porsche dealer.

Important:If you sell your Porsche, notify thepurchaser that the vehicle is equippedwith an air bag, and refer him or her to thechapter, "Air Bag System", in the owner'smanual (safety and disposal rules). Further information on the air bag system canbe found on stickers in the glovecompartment, at the interior light, as well ason all air bag components.

Horn Button

In vehicles equipped with an AIR BAG, thehorn buttons are mounted in the two upperspokes of the s teering wheel (arrow).

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Rear View Mirrors

Do not put decals or other signs on thewindows that may interfere with the driver'svision.Adjust the outside and inside mirrors beforedriving. It is important for safe driving that youhave good vision to the rear.

Inside day-night mirror

You can adjust the day-night mirror from clear

daylight visibility to non-glare visibility at nightby moving the lever at the bottom of themirror forward or rearward.

Heated outside mirrors with remotecontrol

When you turn on the rear window defogger,the outside rear view mirror is also heated.The outside mirrors are adjustable from insideof the vehicle by a four direction switchlocated on the left door and a rocker switchlocated on the center console ahead of thegear selection lever. The rocker switch (A)selects either the left or right mirror foradjustment. Push the rocker switch forward to

select the left mirror, and rearward to selectthe right mirror. Then the four direction switchwill adjust the selected mirror in any of thefour directions.

The mirror housing is hinged and can befolded flat against the car in either direction toprevent damage in tight parking spots.If necessary, the outside mirrors can also beadjusted manually.

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1 Side-window vents

2 Fog light switch3 Instrument illumination dimmer control4 Turn signal / headlight dimmer and flasher

switch5 Left instrument cluster / coolant temperature

gauge and fuel gauge6 Speedometer7 Central warning light8 Tachometer9 Right instrument cluster / oil pressure gauge

and voltmeter

10 Intermittent wiper control

11 Rear window defogger switch12 Fresh air vents13 Center dashboard vent cut - off slide14 Temperature rotary switch15 Emergency flasher switch16 Glove compartment lock17 Hatchback release switch18 Front hood release19 Light switch20 Horn21 Turn signal indicator

22 Ignition / steering lock

23 Wiper / washer lever24 Trip odometer reset25 Air volume control knob / defroster switch26 Fan switch27 Heating and ventilation control levers -

dashboard / floor28 Air conditioning switch29 Clock30 Cigarette lighter31 Temperature sensor

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Ignition/Starter Switch with Steering Lock

The steering is equipped with an anti-theftignition lock.

Switch positions

0 The steering is blocked by the steeringlock: all circuits wired through the ignitionare switched off.

The ignition key can only be withdrawn in the"0" position. The parking lights can beoperated in this position by pushing the turnsignal indicator lever up and down (also see"Parking lights").

1 Position for radio. Steering unlocked. If itis difficult to turn the key, gently move thesteering wheel until the key turns freely.

Note: all circuits which are disconnected inposition "3" can be switched on.To conserve battery power, switch off otherelectrical consumers while playing radio inposition "1".2 Ignition on. All electric circuits are

operational. With the engine stationary, thecentral warning light and all individual

warning lights located in both combinationinstruments will light up for a bulb check.

3 The starter is operated by turning theignition key to the right. As soon as theengine starts, release the key. It will springback to position "2". With the enginerunning, the central and individual warninglights should go out (see "Central warninglight").

To conserve battery power, the electriccircuits for headlights, rear window de-fogger/defroster, temperature control andwiper/washer system are temporarilyinterrupted during the starting process.The starter should not be operated for morethan 10 to 15 seconds at a time. If the enginedoes not start the first time or stalls at anytime, the ignition key must be returned to the"0" position. The non-repeat lock in the switchprevents the starter from being operated whenthe engine is running and guards againststarter damage.

To remove the key and to lock the steeringwheel, turn the key back to pos ition "0" andpull out. Turn the steering wheel until it locks.

WARNINGNever remove key from ignition lock orturn key off while vehicle is moving. Thesteering wheel will lock, causing loss ofcontrol.

Instrument panel lights

Warning lights for alternator, oil pressure, andbrake system will light up for a bulb checkwhen the ignition is turned on. They should goout after the engine is started. The brakewarning light will go out after the parkingbrake has been fully released. See"Warning lights" for more details.

Buzzer If you leave the key in the ignition/steeringlock, the buzzer will sound when the driver'sdoor is opened. This is a reminder to removethe key.For further details see "Starting Procedures"on the following page.

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Starting Procedures

WARNING Fasten safety belts before driving.

Never start or let the engine run in anenclosed, unventilated area. Exhaustfumes from the engine contain carbonmonoxide, which is a colorless andodorless gas. Carbon monoxide can befatal if inhaled. Never leave engine idling unattended. Anunattended vehicle with a running engineis potentially hazardous. Do not park or operate the vehicle inareas where the hot exhaust system maycome in contact with dry grass, brush,fuel spill or other flammable material. Never leave engine idling. When starting

engine, be ready to drive immediately.Maintain moderate speed until engine iswarm.

Automatic Transmission - Start with selec-tor lever in Park.

Manual Transmission - Start with gearshiftlever in Neutral.Temperature sensors on the engine auto-

matically provide the correct fuel/air mixturerequired for starting.Therefore, do not depress the acceleratorpedal while starting a cold or a warm engine.When starting at very low outsidetemperatures, fully depress the clutch pedal,so that the starter only has to crank theengine.As soon as the engine starts, release theignition key.If the engine fails to start after 10 to 15seconds of cranking, wait about 10seconds before engaging starter again. Do not let engine idle to warm it up. Afterstarting, drive vehicle at moderate speeds andwith gradual accelerations. Avoid high rpmand full throttle operation until the engine hasreached normal operating temperature.

Stopping engine Turn key back to position 0.

Do not stop engine immediately after hardor extended driving. Keep engine runningat increased idle for about two minutes toprevent excessive heat buildup beforeturning off engine.

WARNING Before you check anything in the enginecompartment, let the engine cool down.Hot components can burn skin oncontact. The radiator fan switches onautomatically when the coolant reaches acertain temperature and continues to run(even with ignition off) until the coolanttemperature drops. Therefore, nevertouch the fan blades as they will rotatespontaneously when the thermoswitchturns the fan on.

If you have an automatic garage door... The transistorized ignition system in yourPorsche may interfere with your electronicallyoperated garage door. To check this: driveyour Porsche close to the garage door andrun the engine at different speeds.If the garage door opens or closes withoutyour operating the garage door unit in yourcar, contact the dealer who installed theautomatic garage door to have the frequencyand/or coding of the garage door signalmodified.

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The brake warning light on the dashboard willgo out after the engine is started and theparking brake is fully released.

WARNING Release the parking brake fully. A partiallyengaged brake will overheat the rearbrakes, reduce their effectiveness andcause excessive wear. Always set the parking brake whenparking your car. Move the selector leverto "P" (Automatic transmission) or move

the gearshift lever to reverse or first gear(Manual transmission). On hills also turnthe wheels toward the curb.

WARNINGFailure of one brake circuit will impair thebraking capability resulting in anincreased stopping distance. If one brake circuit has failed, the other willstill operate. However, you will notice anincreased pedal travel when you step on thebrake. Should you encounter suchexperience, bring your vehicle safely to a fullstop.Avoid driving the vehicle and instead haveit towed to the nearest authorized Porsche

dealer.

Brake Pedal

Parking Brake LeverParking brake force is mechanically trans-ferred to the rear wheels by means of cables.Use the parking brake only after the vehiclehas come to a full stop.To set parking brake, pull the lever all the way up (arrow). With theignition on, the brake warning light will comeon.

To release the parking brake, pull the lever slightly up as you depress therelease button, and then push the lever all

the way down.

Brakes

Functioning of brake system Your Porsche is equipped with a powerassisted hydraulic dual circuit brake sys temwith disc brakes at the front and at the rear.Both circuits function independently. Onebrake circuit operates the front and the otherthe rear axle.In the unlikely event of hydraulic failure ofone circuit, push the brake pedal downfirmly and hold it in that position. Amechanical linkage activates the second

circuit, and you will be able to bring thevehicle to a stop.

WARNING The movement of the brake pedal mustnever be obstructed by a floor mat or anyother object. In case one of the two brakecircuits fails, increased pedal travel isrequired to bring your vehicle to a fullstop. Make sure that the size of your floor matdoes not hamper the movements of eitherbrake, clutch or accelerator pedals in anyway. Secure the floor mat against sliding intopositions that could interfere with the

safe operation of your vehicle. Do not "ride the brakes" by resting yourfoot on the pedal when not intending tobrake. Overheating and premature wearof the brakes will result.

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Before descending a steep grade, reducespeed and shift transmission into a lowergear or driving position to control speed. Do

not ride the brakes or hold pedal down toolong or too often. This could cause thebrakes to get hot and not function properly.

Brake operation and brake warning light Make it a habit to check the operation of yourbrakes before driving. The failure of a brakecircuit is indicated by the lighting up of thedual-circuit brake indicator lamp. See alsobrake fluid warning lamp.With correctly adjusted brakes the pedal travelto the point of brake actuation should be13/16" to 19/16" (30 to 40 mm). Whenever thebrake pedal travel is greater, have the brakesystem checked.Keep in mind that the braking distanceincreases very rapidly as the speed increases.At 60 mph/100 km/h, for example, it is nottwice but four times longer than at 30 mph/ 50

km/h. Tire traction is also less effective whenthe roads are wet and slippery. Therefore,keep a safe distance from the car in front ofyou.

Brake BoosterThe brake booster assists braking onlywhen the engine is running. When the car is

moving while the engine is not running, or ifthe brake booster is defective, more pressureon the brake pedal is required to bring the carto a halt.

Moisture or road salt on brakes affectsbrakingWARNINGDriving through water may reduce tiretraction. Moisture on brakes from roadwater, car wash, or coating of road saltmay affect braking efficiency. Cautiouslyapply brakes to test them after beingexposed to such conditions. When thevehicle is driven on salted roads forextended periods, the brakes should behosed down thoroughly about every 2weeks. An automatic car-wash facilitycannot do this job properly. Brakes will dry

after a few cautious brake applications.

Brake wear Our automobiles have excellent brakes, butthey are still subject to wear, depending onhow the brakes are used. Have the brakesystem inspected at the intervalsrecommended in your Warranty &Maintenance booklet.

New brake pads or linings Brake pads orlinings may not have the highest possiblebraking efficiency when new. Therefore allow

for longer braking distance during the initial100 to 150 miles or 150 to 250 kilometers ofnormal city driving; longer if fewer stops arerealized.

Clutch Pedal Due to the hydraulic operation of the clutch,pedal play should be 0.1" or 2.5 mm.To check the play, depress the clutch pedal.Excessive play or tightness indicate amalfunction of the clutch. Both conditions canlead to severe damage. Contact your Porschedealer promptly to have the cause located andcorrected.Always depress the clutch pedal fully whenchanging gears. Do not hold the car on asteep hill with the clutch pedal partiallydepressed. This will cause premature wear ordamage.

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ABS Brake System(Antilock brake system) The ABS system represents a majorcontribution to the enhancement of activesafety in your vehicle. This system preventsthe wheels from locking in a panic stop onalmost all road surfaces.With ABS system in your vehicle, thefollowing areas are enhanced:Full steerability, vehicle remains steerableunder all braking forces.Good directional control, no swerving

caused by locking of wheels under brakingconditions.Excellent stopping distance, stoppingdistances are usually reduced becausecontrolled braking is maximized.Prevention of wheel lock up, no brake-induced sliding and thus no localized tire wearfrom emergency braking.The crucial advantage of ABS system over aconventional brake system is in the area ofmaintaining directional control andmaneuverability of the car in emergencysituations, including panic braking in turns.

WARNING:In spite of the improved handling affordedby the ABS system, it still remains theresponsibility of the driver to adapt thedriving style to the prevailing road andweather conditions, as well as, obeyingtraffic laws. In no case, should the higherdegree of safety offered by ABS beregarded as a

justification for taking greater risks. Othervehicles not equipped with the ABSsystem may not be able to maintaincontrol, especially on wet or poor roadsurfaces and thus may be more likely toimpact you in the rear. To minimize thatrisk, use your ABS system to increase yourability to maneuver to avoid dangeroussituations and not merely to try to stop inthe shortest distance possible.

Driving with the ABS System

A wheel speed sensor is fitted to each of thefour wheels. If wheel slippage of either of thefront wheels or the rear wheels is sensedduring braking, the brake pressure is adjustedautomatically until the wheel no longer slips.The brake pressure is regulated for each frontwheel individually and for both rear wheelstogether.On a road surface which is slippery on onlyone side, the rear wheel which is braking onthe slippery surface determines the brakepressure which will be applied equally to bothrear wheels. This ensures that directionalstability is maintained. However, if brakingforce approaches the wheel locking-up pointfor all wheels (panic braking) the ABS systemwill intervene in a way comparable with rapidrhythmic braking. The proper operation ofABS is perceived by the driver as a pulsatingbrake pedal in conjunction with audible noiseand perhaps some vibration. The driver isthereby warned to reduce vehicle speedappropriate for the prevailing road conditions.

If your ABS system should ever malfunction,the ABS system is automatically switched off,but the normal brake sys tem, without ABS,would remain fully operational. Such amalfunction would be indicated by theillumination of the central warning light, as wellas the "ANTILOCK" light on the right handside of the ins trument cluster.If the ABS system becomes inoperative,take your vehicle to your authorized dealerimmediately.

Note The control unit of the ABS brake system isset for standard tire sizes. If non-standardtires are fitted, the control unit maymisinterpret the speed of the vehicle, becauseof the variant data it receives from the sensorson the axles.If the difference in rolling radius exceedsapprox. 17%, the control unit deac tivates theABS system and the ABS warning lamp lightsup.

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1 Set accelerate2 Reset3 Cancel

Automatic Speed Control The automatic speed control allows you tomaintain a constant cruising speed of 25 mph(40 km/h) or higher, without actuating theaccelerator pedal. Any manual operation,such as accelerating, gearshifting or brakingcan be done independent of the automaticspeed control. The spring loaded control leveroperating the automatic speed control islocated just below the wiper/ washer lever.While driving with the automatic speedcontrol set at speeds above 25 mph (40km/ h), do not bring shift lever into theNeutral position as excessive engine rpmwill result.

To operate the automatic speed control Accelerate to the desired cruising speed, pushlever toward instrument cluster (arrow 1) andrelease. This sets the cruising speed andstores it in a memory.After a second or two, automatic speedcontrol will take over and you can removeyour foot from the accelerator pedal. The setcruising speed will be maintainedautomatically.

WARNINGDo not use the cruise control when it maybe unsafe to keep the car at a constantspeed. For example, a constant speed maynot be safe in heavy traffic, or on windingor slippery roads. With the cruise controlsystem engaged, the engine speed will notreturn to idle when removing the foot fromthe accelerator pedal.Please observe all local and national speedlimits. Passing: If you want to drive faster for a briefmoment, for example when passing anothervehicle, actuate the accelerator. When youtake your foot off the accelerator pedal, thepreset speed will automatically be resumed.Gearshifting: When shifting gears, theautomatic speed control is only disengaged aslong as the clutch pedal is depressed. Thepreset speed will be resumed as soon as youtake your foot off the clutch pedal.Braking and stopping: Whenever you applythe brake or come to a stop, the automaticspeed control is disengaged. Move the leverdown (arrow 2), and the preset speed will beresumed.

Switching system off: To switch off theautomatic speed control, move the levertoward you (arrow 3). To resume the presetspeed, move the lever down (arrow 2).To change the preset cruising speedIncrease preset speed: Accelerate by depressing the acceleratorpedal. When the desired speed is reachedpush lever toward instrument cluster (arrow 1)and take your foot off the accelerator pedal.Now the new cruising speed is set and s toredin the memory. As an alternative, you can holdthe lever in the front position (arrow 1), withoutdepressing the accelerator pedal. The car willaccelerate on its own. When the desiredspeed is reached, release the lever.Decrease preset speed: Apply the brake, which will disengage theautomatic speed control. When the vehiclehas slowed down to the desired speed, pushlever toward instrument cluster (arrow 1) toset the new cruising speed.As an alternative, disengage the automaticspeed control by moving the lever toward you(arrow 3). When the vehicle has slowed downto the desired speed, push lever towardinstrument cluster (arrow 1) to register thenew cruising speed in the memory.Note: When driving up a hill, if the enginepower is insufficient in a particular gear, thespeed control will be disengagedautomatically. Shift to a lower gear to avoidstalling the engine.

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Lane changer To indicate your intention when changinglanes on the highway, slightly push the turnsignal switch lever up or down to the point ofresistance. The lever will return to the OFFposition when released.Headlight dimmer With the light switch at stage 2, high beam isswitched on by pressing the lever towards theinstrument panel, and low beam is switchedon by pulling the lever towards the steeringwheel. When high beams are on, the blue

indicator light between the tachometer and theright instrument cluster will light up.You can flash signal other motorists byrepeatedly pulling and releasing the lever justup to the point of resistance.

Light Switch Parking light - 1st positionHeadlights -2nd position (with ignition key inswitch position "1").Tail lights, side marker lights, license plateand instrument lights are on in both switchpositions.The retractable headlights open when turningthe switch to the second position.When you open the door while the lights areon, the buzzer will sound. It is your reminderto switch off the lights.Instrument illuminationThe instrument illumination goes on when thevehicle lights are turned on. Turn the

knob to the left of the light switch for infinitelyvariable brightness control.

Turn Signal/HeadlightDimmer Switch Lever(ignition on) Lever up - right turn signalLever down - left turn signalThe turn signal lever turns off automaticallywhen the steering wheel is straightened outafter completing a turn.If a turn signal fails, the indicator light flashesabout twice as fast. The light bulb may haveto be replaced.

Headlight flasher During daylight, you can flash signal with yourfoglights (in lieu of horn) by repeatedly pullingand releasing the lever just up to the point ofresistance.

Fog lights - with ignition on

Turn on the fog lights by depressing the rockerswitch on the dashboard. A green light in theswitch glows when the fog lights are turned

on.Parking lights - with ignition off . ... Lever up -right side parking lights on Lever down - leftside parking lights on

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Windshield Wiper/Washer Lever (with intermittent wiper operation)

The windshield wiper/washer switch has se-ven positions:

1 - Low speed2 - Normal speed3 - High speed4 - Intermittent wiper operation5 - Windshield washers6 - Windshield washers and wipers7 - Headlight washersThe time intervals can be set at the controlelement to the right of the ignition lock.

Pulling the lever from its basic positiontowards the steering wheel activates thewindshield washer pump in the first stage(switch position 5) and the windshield wipersin the second stage (switch position 6).

The electric windshield washer system can beoperated by pulling the lever toward thesteering wheel from any wiper position.When the ignition is switched on, the washernozzles are heated, depending on the outdoortemperature. Nevertheless, a commercialwindshield anti-freeze solution should beadded to the windshield washer water duringcold weather conditions.Avoid running the wiper blades over a drywindshield to prevent scratching the glass.Spray on washer fluid first. A scratchedwindshield will reduce visibility.Always loosen blades frozen to glassbefore operating wipers to prevent damageto wiper motor.WARNINGWorn or dirty wiper blades will reducevisibility, making driving hazardous. Clean

blades regularly to remove road film andcarwash wax buildup. Use an alcohol basecleaning solution, a lint free cloth and wipelengthwise.Clean all inside and outside window glassregularly. In vehicles without Securiflexwindshields use an alcohol base cleaningsolution and wipe dry with a lint free or achamois cloth.

In vehicles with Sekuriflex windshields, theplastic coating on the inside of thewindshield must not have gummed labelsput on it or be cleaned using aggressiveagents or dry methods. If very dirty, it can

be cleaned with benzine. Make certain thatthe plastic coating is not damaged incleaning by hard objects such as jewelryor wristwatches.

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944 / 944 S 944 Turbo

Headlight Washer

To operate the headlight washer, push thewasher lever in the direction of the dash-board(switch position 7). The system only operateswhen the headlights are switched on.A separate pump supplies high-pressurewater to the spray nozzles located in front ofthe headlights on the bumper. The highpressure stream soaks the dirt on the lenses

and washes it off. Repeat the wash cycle asnecessary to remove heavy dirt accumulation.

Since the system uses a lot of water, areservoir holding approx. 1,6 U.S. gals, or 6liters has been installed in the enginecompartment. This reservoir also supplies thewindshield washer with water. Use windshieldwasher solvent with anti-freeze all year round,so that both washer systems also function atfreezing temperatures.Do not use engine coolant anti-freeze orany other solution that may damage thecar paint.

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Instruments:Gauges

Warning LightsIndicator Lights

944 / 944 S 944 Turbo

Speedometer

The speedometer indicates driving speed perhour.

In USA: Miles per hour and Kilometers perhour

In Canada: Kilometers per hourThe upper odometer records total distancedriven and cannot be turned back.

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944 / 944 S 944 Turbo

The trip odometer in the lower part of thespeedometer can be turned back to zero bypressing the reset-button, located in the leftsection of the center dashboard vent. Theignition must be on.

Tachometer The transistorized tachometer operates on thepulse count principle and shows engine speedin revolutions per minute (rpm).The mark at the end of the scale indicates themaximum permissible engine rpm. Beforereaching this area, the next higher gearshould be selected. Earlier shifting saves fuel.Shift to the next lower gear when the enginerpm drops below 1500 rpm.The speed limiting governor prevents the

engine from being overrevved under load.

Boost Pressure Gauge On the 944 Turbo there is a boost pressuregauge in the lower part of the tachometer.This instrument indicates the pressure in theintake manifold.With the ignition on and the engine stopped,the indicated pressure corresponds to theambient air pressure (atmospheric pressure)of approx. 1 bar.Should an excessively high boost pressureoccur as a result of a defect, the fuel supply or

the ignition is cut off automatically.

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944 / 944 S

CASIS

Computer Assisted Shift Indicator System (Manual Transmission only)A computer continually evaluates vehicle data,such as driving speed, engine rpm, engineload and engine temperature.When the CASIS arrow in the tachometerlights up, it means the engine could operatemore economically. The light indicates thatyou can increase fuel efficiency by shifting intoa higher gear. The CASIS light will go outwhen a higher gear has been engaged, whentaking your foot off the accelerator pedal orwhen accelerating at a higher rate. In fifth gearthe CASIS light is inoperative.During maximum acceleration, the CASISarrow light will only light up at a point whereengine rpm is such that improved accelerationcan be obtained by shifting into the next highergear. This means the CASIS arrow does notindicate any set shift point, but that thecomputer calculated shift points will depend onthe way you drive. The arrow will light up atthe lowest speed range when cruising, and atthe highest speed range when acceleratingwith wide open throttle.

How to use CASIS

Drive your Porsche shifting as you normallywould.As soon as the engine reaches uneconomicalload range, the CASIS light will remind you toshift into the next higher gear to keep theengine at the same performance level but withlower fuel consumption.You will get used to CASIS quickly and therefore operate your Porsche with the CASISarrow light coming on only now and then.

WARNINGUse CASIS to your best advantage butremember that traffic, road and weatherconditions must always have priority whenshifting gears or changing speeds.

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Left Instrument Cluster The left instrument cluster includes thecoolant temperature and fuel gauges as wellas warning lights for coolant temperature, fuelreserve, brake-lining wear, safety belt, parkinglight and parking brake. The two arrows at thetop are turn signal indicators for vehicles withtrailer coupling.

Coolant temperature

IndicatorNeedle in lower field - engine is cold Avoid high speeds and high engine rpm.During cold engine operation, engine

response and power levels will vary from thatof a warm engine. Due caution and notice ofthese engine characteristics will ensure safeoperation of the vehicle.

Needle in center field - normal Under normal driving conditions, needleshould remain in center field. The needle mayreach the upper field, especially at highengine loads, but should return to "normal"when engine load is reduced.

Needle in upper field - warning If needle enters the upper field the engine isoverheating the warning light comes on.Reduce speed and engine rpm. The needleshould return to the center field and theindicator light goes out.If the needle does not return to the centerfield, and the indicator light does not go out,the radiator fan may not be working toprovide sufficient engine cooling. Pull off theroad and turn off the engine. The fan shouldstill be running for a while. Failure to do somay result in severe damage to the engine.

WARNING Before you check anything in the enginecompartment, let the engine cool down.Hot components can burn skin oncontact. The radiator fan switches onautomatically when the coolant reaches acertain temperature and continues to run(even with ignition off), until the coolanttemperature drops. Therefore, never

touch the fan blades as they will rotatespontaneously when the termoswitchturns the fan on. Be careful if you have to remove the capfrom a hot coolant fluid reservoir. Protectyour hands, arms and face againstscalding. Use a thick rag and open thecap carefully one turn to allow excesspressure to escape before removing thecap.

If the fan is not working, the fuse for the fan

may be burned out, or the relay may bedefective. See "Fuses and Relays".After the engine has cooled down, check thecoolant level (see "Cooling System"). If thecoolant level is low, top it up with water.Check for possible leaks.If the coolant level is normal, proceed to thenearest workshop. Avoid idle speed and stop-and-go driving. But with an inoperative fan,the coolant will heat up again. When theneedle enters the upper field, stop again andlet the engine cool down before you continuedriving.

Coolant system malfunctions should beremedied by the nearest Porsche dealer, assevere engine damage may occur.

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Fuel Gauge and FuelReserve Indicator

When the ignition is turned on, the amount offuel in the tank is indicated by the fuel gaugein the right part of the dial.If the needle enters the area in the bottom andthe fuel reserve indicator lights up, there isonly a reserve of about. 2.1 U.S. gal/8 litersleft in the tank. Time to refuel at the next gasstation.

Brake PadWarning Light

The brake pad warning light comes on whenthe ignition is turned on and goes out after theengine has started.If the light stays on when the engine isrunning or comes on while driving, the brakepads are worn, excessively.Do not continue to operate the vehicle buthave your Porsche dealer check andreplace the brake pads.

Safety Belt

Warning Light When the ignition is turned on the light willcome on for about 6 seconds to remind driverand passenger to buckle up. See "SafetyBelts" for more details.

Parking Brake Light

The parking brake light will light up when theignition is turned on and the parking brake isset. The light goes out when the parking brakeis fully released.

Parking LightThe parking light indicator at the bottom in theleft instrument cluster lights up when theparking lights are switched on.

Turn SignalIndicator Light

The turn signal indicator light, which is locatedbelow the central warning light, will flash at thesame frequency as the turn signals. If a turnsignal fails, the control light flashes at abouttwice the normal frequency. Have your dealercheck and repair it for you.

High Beam Indicator

Light The high-beam indicator light, which is locatedat the top between the tachometer and theright instrument cluster, will light up when youswitch on the high beams or when you flashsignal. The indicator goes out when youswitch to low beam.

Central Warning Light The central warning light comes on afterturning on the ignition. This light monitors allfunctions displayed by the instruments. If oneof these functions fails, the central warninglight and the pertinent indicator light come onuntil the malfunction has been corrected. Thevehicle should immediately be taken to thenearest authorized workshop.

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Right Instrument Cluster The right instrument cluster combines the oilpressure gauge with the oil pressure warninglight, the voltmeter with the alternator warninglight as well as the brake fluid warning light.

Oil Pressure Gauge

Engine oil pressure is shown in bars.At 5.000 rpm, with the engine at normaloperating temperature (approx . 90°C / 194°F),the pressure should be approx. 4 bar. A slightdrop in oil pressure is normal under certainoperating conditions such as prolongedhighway driving in hot weather.At idle speed, with the engine oil hot, the oilpressure can sink to 0.5 bar - this does notindicate any loss of engine performance.

However, if the oil pressure drops suddenlywhile you are driving, or if the warning lightcomes on, pull off the road, stop the engineand wait for it to cool down. Check theengine oil level. If the oil level is normal,contact the nearest dealer.

Oil PressureWarning Light The oil pressure warning light comes on whenthe ignition is turned on. It should go out whenthe engine is started and has reached thecorrect oil pressure.If the oil pressure warning light does not lightup when turning the ignition on, or if it doesnot go out after starting the engine, contactyour Porsche dealer immediately.If the oil pressure warning light comes on

while you are driving, pull off the road andstop the engine.Check the oil level to make sure you haveenough oil. If oil level is correct and the oil

pressure warning light is still on, do not drivethe vehicle as severe engine damage mayresult. Contact your nearest Porsche dealerfor assistance.An occasional brief flickering of the oilpressure warning light at idle speed andnormal engine temperature is no cause forconcern if the light goes out uponacceleration.The oil pressure warning light is not anindicator for low engine oil level. To check theoil level, always use the dipstick.

Make it a habit to have the oil level checkedwith every fuel filling.

Voltmeter

The voltmeter shows the overall condition ofthe charging system. The needle shouldnormally stay in the 12-14 volt range when theengine is running. A temporary drop below 12volts when starting the engine is normal.

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Alternator Warning Light The alternator warning light comes on when

the ignition is turned on. It should go out afterthe engine is started.If the alternator warning light does not lightup when turning the ignition on, or if it doesnot go out after starting the engine, there is amalfunction in the electrical system. If this isthe case, contact your Porsche dealer.

WARNINGIf the alternator warning light comes onwhile you are driving, pull off the road andstop the engine. Check whether the Polyrib-belt is slipping orbroken. The Polyrib-belt not only drives thealternator for battery charging, but also the airconditioner compressor.If the light just flickers lightly, the Polyrib beltmay be loose and is slipping.The belt should be tightened or replaced

before you continue driving.

Brake Fluid Warning

Light The brake warning light monitors the hydraulicdual-circuit brake system. It lights up when theignition is turned on and should go out afterthe engine has been started.If the brake warning light fails to light up whenthe ignition is turned on, or if it fails to go outafter the engine is started, there may be amalfunction in the electrical system. Let yourPorsche dealer locate and correct thecondition promptly.Should the light come on while driving, thebrake fluid level in the reservoir could be toolow, or one of the dual brake circuits mayhave failed. In either case, the brakes willfunction but a much longer distance and a far

greater pedal pressure are required to bringthe car to a halt. See "Brakes" for moredetails.Carefully pull off the road and stop. Haveyour car towed to the nearest dealer forrepair. Continued operation of a car withdefective brakes is dangerous.

Antilock The warning light goes on in the event of a

malfunction in the ABS system. The system isswitched off; the normal brake systemremains fully operational. If the light comeson, take your vehicle to your authorized dealerfor service immediately.

Air BagSee "Air Bag System" for details.

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ClockTime settingA. 12 AM, PM or 24.00 h With the clock in the time readout mode, keep button (2)depressed for 4 seconds -12 AM, PM or 24.00 flashing.After pushing button (1), either a 12-hour (AM + PM) ora 24-hour setting program can be selected. If you onlywant to change the display mode, push button (3). Theclock then returns to its normal timekeeping function.B. Hours Push button (2) a second time - hour display flashes.Set hour by pushing button (1). After pushing button

(3)*, the clock returns to the time readout mode withnew hour setting.C. Minutes Push button (2) once more - minute display flashes. Setminute by pushing button (1). Upon pushing button (3)*,the clock is started - accurate to within 1 second. Button (1)

Start/StopSet

12h/24h prog.

Button (2)Reset

Stop watchHour/min select

Button (3)Selector buttonTime readoutStop watch

If button (3) is pushed during operation A and B, the

setting procedure must be restarted (push button (2)).

Stop watch function The stop watch can only be set in motion if the clock is in itsnormal timekeeping mode and not during settingoperations.A. Push button (3) - 00:00 display appears;B. Push button (1) - stop watch is on;C. Push button (1) a second time - watch stops. (Additional

times can be added by pushing button (1) again - stopwatch keeps running. Push button (1) once more to stoptiming.)

D. Push button (2) - 00:00 display appears;E. Push button (3) - normal timekeeping mode.

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Cigarette Lighter

Push knob on console in. When ready for use,the lighter will snap back. With the lighterremoved, the socket may be used for smallappliances, such as shaver, hand vacuum

cleaner or air compressor to inflate thecollapsible spare tire. Maximum rating of suchequipment should not exceed 120 W/12 Volt.Do not damage the socket by trying toinsert plugs of the wrong design.

Rear Window Defogger

The rear window defogger works only with theignition key in positions 1 and 2.The rear window defogger, together with theflow through ventilation, will help to keep theinside of the rear window clear of

condensation and frost in the winter.Depress the switch to turn on the rear windowdefogger.The control light in the switch will light up toremind you that the defogger is switched on.After the rear window has been cleared,switch off the rear window defogger to avoidunnecessary drain on the battery.

Emergency Flasher

If your car is disabled or parked underemergency conditions, depress the HAZARDswitch to make all four turn signals flashsimultaneously. The light in the switch flashesat the same frequency.

The emergency flasher worksindependently of the ignition switchposition.

WARNING Whenever stalled or stopped foremergency repair, move the car well offthe road. Turn on the emergency flasherand mark the car with road flares or otherwarning devices. Do not remain in the car.

Do not park or operate the car where thehot exhaust system may come in contactwith dry grass, brush, fuel spill or otherflammable material. Before working on any part in the enginecompartment, turn the engine off and let itcool down sufficiently. Hot components

can burn skin on contact. Remember the coolant fan isthermostatically controlled and may comeon at anytime, regardless of ignitionswitch position.

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Rear Window Wiper

To operate the wiper, depress the rockerswitch (A) on the center console. The rearwindow must be sufficiently wet to prevent theglass surface from being scratched.

Ashtray The ashtray is in the center console. To emptythe tray, pull it out of its well.Reinsert it so that the light "window" pointstoward the bulb on the back inside the well.

WARNINGNever use ashtray as waste paperdisposal. Fire hazard!

Glove Compartment Press locking button to open glovecompartment. With the car lights turned on,the glove compartment light is automaticallyswitched on when the glove compartment isopened.The compartment is lockable with the ignitionkey to help prevent theft.

WARNINGKeep glove compartment door closedwhile driving to prevent injury during a

collision.

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Overhead Interior Light Located between the two sun visors theinterior light has a three position switch.

Switch Positions Rearward (a) - on continuouslyCenter (b) - offForeward (c) - on, only with doors open

Sun Visors To protect driver and passenger from sideglare, the sun visors can be moved to thesides after lifting them out of their centermounting.The make-up mirror on the rear of the visor isfitted with a protective sliding shutter.

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Heating Ventilation System 1 Fan switch

2 Air distribution to windshield3 Air distribution to footwell outlets4 Temperature switch5 Defroster switch6 Recirculation switch

A Air outlet - left side dashboard vent

B Open and close - left side dashboard ventC Air outlet - center dashboard vent, left

sectionD Open and close - center dashboard vent

E Air outlet - center dashboard vent, right

sectionF Open and close - right side dashboard ventG Air outlet - right side dashboard vent

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Heating and Ventilation

WARNING Familiarize yourself thoroughly with theproper use and function of theventilation/heating, defogging/defrostingand the air conditioning system. For safe driving it is extremely importantthat you follow the operating instructions

in this manual. If in doubt, consult withyour Porsche dealer. Maximum heating output and fastdefrosting can be obtained only after theengine has reached normal operatingtemperature.

Before turning on the air conditioner, movethe two air distribution control levers totheir center positions, and move thetemperature control knob to the extremecounterclockwise position.Should you suspect that the airconditioner is damaged, have it checkedpromptly. Leaks must be sealedimmediately, since loss of refrigerant mayresult in serious damage to the airconditioner system.

The upper lever (2) controls the air flow to thewindshield" right position: open, left position:closed.The lower lever (3) controls the air flow to thefootwell outlets (right position: open -leftposition: closed).The center dashboard vent can be opened orclosed by operating the lever (D). For closing,the lever is pushed all the way up. For

opening, push the lever downward for thedesired air volume.The direction of the air outlet is controlled bymeans of handles (C, E) on the vents.The side dashboard vents are opened or

closed by means of the lower levers (B, F) (- open, - closed). Again, the air outletdirection is controlled by means of handles (A,G) on the vents.

Heater Control Activation of the heater control systemensures temperature control in the passengercompartment in accordance with thetemperature range preset by the temperatureknob. The passenger compartmenttemperature is kept constant under varyingclimatic conditions.

Fan Control Switch Knob

In order to ensure air circulation even with thevehicle standing or moving at low speed, thefan is running at low speed even at switchposition 0. If you desire more air flow, the fancan be switched to steps 1 through 4.

Defroster Switch

Since the effectiveness of the heatingdepends on the cooling water temperature,the full heating power is not available until theengine has reached its normal operatingtemperature. To achieve the best defrostereffectiveness, the center dashboard vent mustbe closed entirely (push lever to its extremetop position). Then press the defroster button -indicator light comes on. Independent of theposition of the upper and lower levers, high-low temperature switch and the fan controlswitch knob, the system automaticallyswitches to maximum heating power at fanstage 4 and the full air flow is directed to thewindshield and the side dashboard vents.

Recirculation Switch

When you follow a truck or bus to prevent theexhaust gases from entering your car throughthe fresh air vents, press the recirculationswitch. The fresh air supply is then interruptedand air from inside of the vehicle will berecirculated. The recirculation effect shouldbe utilized for only a short period of time toprevent windshield misting!

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Automatically Controlled

Air Conditioner The air conditioning system works only whenthe engine is running. Its refrigerating capacitydepends on engine speed. If a highrefrigerating capacity is desired, it isnecessary to rev up the engine - particularly incity or bumper-to-bumper traffic.The air conditioning system can be turned onat any air distribution position by pressing theair conditioner switch. When the system isturned on, the air conditioning compressor isactivated via a magnetic clutch.

Optimal cooling is achieved when the fancontrol switch is at position 4, the windows areclosed and the lateral as well as the

center dashboard vents are fully opened andthe temperature switch is set at maximumcooling power.When the air conditioning system is on,additional cooled air enters the glovecompartment through a vent.After prolonged exposure to sun, it isrecommended that you ventilate thepassenger compartment with the windowsdown and air conditioning on.Should the air conditioning system fail, i. e.uncooled air flows through the vents while thesystem is switched on, have it checked in anauthorized workshop.

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Functioning The automatic system controls the passengercompartment temperature in accordance withthe temperature preset by the temperatureknob.The passenger compartment temperature iskept constant under varying climaticconditions.Cold and warm air is automatically mixed bymeans of air flaps operated by a servo motor.The servo motor is controlled by a passengercompartment temperature sensor, an ambienttemperature sensor and a temperature sensorlocated in the air conditioner.There are several options to satisfy therequirements of individual comfort with anautomatically controlled air-conditioningsystem:The upper level (2) is operated to direct the air

flow towards the windshield (right position:open; left position: closed).The lower level (3) can be used to direct theair flow to the footwell outlets (right position:open; left position: closed). The positions ofthese two levers are infinitely variable and canbe set independently of one another.A higher or lower temperature range can bepreselected by means of the temperaturecontrol knob.

Air Conditioning SystemMaintenance The air conditioning system must be turned onfor a short period of time at least once amonth. This instruction should be observedparticularly during the cold season to ensureproper lubrication of the sealing rings andcompressor bearings.For this purpose, set the temperature controlknob at maximum cooling temperature(extreme counterclockwise position).Check the compressor polyrib belt for propertension during regular maintenance.Due to the loss of refrigerant, which istechnically inevitable, the refrigerant level inthe fluid reservoir should be checked at leastonce a year.If gas bubbles are visible over an extendedperiod of time in the inspection window of the

fluid reservoir while the air conditioner isrunning, there is a deficit of refrigerant in theair conditioning system. The brief appearanceof gas bubbles is due to technical reasons.Should the air conditioning system fail, i. e.uncooled air flows through the vents while thesystem is switched on, have it checked byyour Porsche dealer.

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Break-in Hintsfor the first 1.000 miles /1.600 kilometers There are no specific break-in rules for yourPorsche. However, by observing a fewprecautions you can help extend the servicelife and performance of your engine.During the first 1.000 miles / 1.600 km, allworking components of the engine adjust to

each other to a certain degree. Therefore:Avoid full throttle starts and abrupt s tops.Change speeds frequently. Vary the throttleload.Do not exceed maximum engine speed of5.000 rpm (revolutions per minute).Do not run a cold engine at high rpm or inNeutral.Do not let the engine labor, especially whendriving uphill. Shift to the next proper gear intime (use the most favorable rpm range).There may be a slight stiffness in the steering,gearshifting or other controls during the break-in period, which will gradually disappear.Never lug the engine in high gear at lowspeeds. This rule applies all the time, notjust during the break-in period.

Breaking in brake pads

Brake pads do not possess maximum brakingefficiency when the car is new. Thereforemore pedal force is necessary during the first100 to 150 miles (150 to 250 km). This alsoapplies to replacement brake pads.

New tires New tires do not possess maximum traction.They tend to be slippery. Break in new tires bydriving at moderate speeds during the first 60to 120 miles (100 to 200 km), and longerbraking distances must be anticipated.

Engine Oil Consumption During the break-in period oil consumption

may be higher than normal.As always, the rate of oil consumptiondepends on the quality and viscosity of oil, thespeed at which the engine is operated, theclimate, road conditions as well as the amountof dilution and oxidation of the lubricant.Check engine oil level, add if necessary. Makeit a habit to have engine oil checked withevery fuel filling.

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Engine ExhaustWARNING Engine exhaust is dangerous if inhaled.

Never start or let the engine run in aclosed garage. Never sit in your car forprolonged periods with the engine on andthe car not moving. Although exhaust fumes from the enginehave many components which you cansmell, they also contain carbon monoxide,which is a colorless and odorless gas.Carbon monoxide can be fatal if inhaled. If you smell gas fumes in the vehicle,drive with the windows open but keep thehatchback closed. Have the causeimmediately located and corrected. Because of inherent hazards, we do notrecommend transporting objects largerthan those fitting safely into the luggagecompartment. Keep the hatchback closedwhile driving to prevent poisonousexhaust gas from being drawn into thevehicle. Never carry additional fuel containers inyour vehicle. Such containers, full orpartially empty, may leak, cause anexplosion, or result in fire in case of acollision.

Operating Your Porsche in other Countries Government regulations in the United Statesand Canada require that automobiles meetspecific emission regulations and safetystandards.Therefore cars built for the U.S. and Canadadiffer from vehicles sold in other countries.If you plan to take your Porsche outside thecontinental limits of the United States orCanada, there is the possibility thatunleaded fuel may not be available;

unleaded fuel may have a considerably loweroctane rating. Excessive engine knock andserious damage to both engine and catalyticconverter could result;service may be inadequate due to lack ofproper service facilities, tools or diagnosticequipment;replacement parts may not be available orvery difficult to get.

Porsche cannot be responsible for themechanical damage that could resultbecause of inadequate fuel, service orparts availability. If you bought your car abroad and want tobring it back home, be sure to find out aboutshipping and forwarding requirements, as wellas current import and customs regulations.

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Fuel Economy Fuel economy will vary depending on where,when and how you drive, optional equipmentinstalled, and the general condition of yourcar. A car tuned to specifications and correctlymaintained, will help you get maximum fueleconomy.Have your vehicle tuned to specifications.

Fuel injection should be adjusted tospecifications.Spark plugs should be clean, properlygapped and fire efficiently.Air cleaner should be dirt free to allow properengine "breathing".Battery should be fully charged.Wheels should be properly aligned.Tires should be inflated at correct pressures.Keep a light foot on the accelerator pedal.Drive smoothly, avoid abrupt changes inspeed as much as possible.Avoid jack rabbit starts and sudden stops.Do not drive longer than necessary in thelower gears. Shifting up early helps to savefuel.Avoid unnecessary idling. Turn the engineoff.Prolonged "warm up" idling wastes gas. Start

the vehicle just before you are ready to drive.Accelerate slowly and smoothly.

Any additional weight carried in the vehiclereduces fuel economy. Always keep cargo toa minimum and remove all unnecessaryitems.Organize your trips to take in severalerrands.Use air conditioner only when needed.All electrical equipment contribute toincreased fuel consumption.

The EPA estimated m.p.g. is to be used forcomparison purposes, actual mileage may bedifferent from the es timated m.p.g., dependingon your driving speed, weather conditions andtrip length. Your actual highway mileage willprobably be less than the estimated m.p.g.Please observe all local and national speedlimits.

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Fuel Filler Cap The lockable fuel filler cap is on the right sidepanel of the car. When putting the cap backon, twist it clockwise until it stops with an

Porsche 944 1987 Owner's Manual EN

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Transcript of Porsche 944 1987 Owner's Manual EN