Christmas Island Coral Demonstrates Tropical Pacific ENSO Variability
Population genetics & responses to ice-age variability in North Pacific pollock and Pacific cod
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Transcript of Population genetics & responses to ice-age variability in North Pacific pollock and Pacific cod
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Population genetics & responses to ice-age variability in North Pacific pollock
and Pacific cod
W.S. Grant, I.B. Spies, L. Hauser & M.F. Canino
Department Biological Sciences, U of A, Anchorage
School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, U of W, Seattle
Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NOAA, Seattle
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0.001 0.001 0.0010.001
Space km
0.10.11.01.0
1010
DayDay
MonthMonth1 1
10 10
100 100 1,000 1,000
10,00010,000100,000100,000
Years
Matingencounters
Year-classstrength
Larval drift
Adult movementAdult movement
ClimateClimateshiftsshifts
Ice ageIce ageseparationsseparations& extinctions& extinctions
Sources of Genetic Population Structure
100100
1,0001,000
Populationabundancecycles
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(NOAA)
Decadal variability
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Ice-age Temperatures
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Ice-age Temperatures
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USGS• Decrease in plankton productivity
• Elimination of near-shore nursery areas
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Contraction-expansion
• Population growth • Low genetic diversity• Haplotypes related to refugia
• High diversity• Haplotypes related to one another
Extinction
Cool Warm
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Multiple southern refugia
• Population growth • Low diversity• Connections to refugia• Hybrid zone
• High diversity• Closely related haplotypes
Extinction
Geneticdivergence
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Local refugia
• High diversity• Unique haplotypes• Genetic mosaic
• High diversity• Closely related haplotypes
Small refugia
Geneticdivergence
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Pollock
NW Pacific Aleutians NE Pacific n = 87 n = 142 n = 155
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NW Pacific Aleutians NE Pacific NEP south n = 68 n = 107 n = 104 n = 67
Pacificcod
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Mitochondrial DNA sequences
Pollock Pacific codCOI 630 bp ND2+Cytb 1510 bp
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Pollock Pacific cod
Amonggroups
5.8%
Amongindividuals
93.6%
Amongpops0.6% 9.8%
1.8%
88.5%
4 Groups
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Pollock Pacific cod
Amonggroups
5.8%
Amongindividuals
93.6%
Amongpops0.6% 18.6%
2.2%
79.2%
NW Pacific vs. Others
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Pollock Pacific cod
Amonggroups
5.8%
Amongindividuals
93.6%
Amongpops0.6%
Gene 0.74-0.78 0.95-0.98diversity
Pi 1.2-1.4 4.6-6.0
18.6%2.2%
79.2%
NW Pacific vs. Others
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Coalescent gene tree
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Expanding Ne Constant Ne
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 90 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
tt11 tt22tt33
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 90 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
expectedobserved
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Pollock
NW Pacific Bering Sea-Aleutians NE Pacific
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Pollock
NW Pacific Bering Sea-Aleutians NE Pacific
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Pacific Cod
NW Pacific Aleutians NE Pacific NEP south
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NW Pacific Aleutians NE Pacific NEP south
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T2 T3 T4 T5
2Nn(n – 1)
E(Tn) =
Bayesian estimates of historical Ne
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PollockNW Pacific Bering Sea-Aleutians NE Pacific
Bayesian Skyline Plots of Female Ne LGM
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NW Pacific Aleutians NE Pacific NEP southPacific cod
PollockNW Pacific Bering Sea-Aleutians NE Pacific
Bayesian Skyline Plots of Female Ne LGM
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Summary
• Greater gene flow in pollock
• Southern refugia
• Northern Pacific cod refugia?
• Recent population expansions
• Contact zone in W Bering Sea