Population Ageing 2009

Country or area

Population aged 60 years or overPercentage currently married,

60 years or over 2, 3

Percentage living alone, 60 years or

over 2

Old-age support ratio 4

Percentage in labor force,

60 years or over 5

Statutory retirement

ageNumber

(thousands)

Percentage of total

population

Share of persons

80 years or over 1

Sex ratio (men per

100 women), 2009

Life expectancy at age 60, 2005-2010

2009 2050 2009 2050 2009 2050 60+ 80+ Men Women Men / Women Men / Women 2009 2050 Men / Women Men / Women(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16)

World 737 275 2 008 244 11 22 14 20 83 59 18 21 80 / 48 9 / 19 9 4 40 / 20 -

More developed regions 263 905 416 055 21 33 20 29 74 49 20 24 78 / 46 13 / 32 4 2 24 / 14 -Less developed regions 473 370 1 592 188 8 20 11 17 89 70 17 20 81 / 49 6 / 10 11 4 47 / 24 -Least developed countries 42 922 185 129 5 11 8 10 85 74 15 17 84 / 41 4 / 9 17 9 67 / 41 -

Africa 53 770 212 763 5 11 8 10 85 68 15 17 85 / 39 6 / 11 16 9 61 / 34 -

Eastern Africa 14 996 61 740 5 9 8 9 83 71 15 17 83 / 37 6 / 12 17 12 79 / 56 -Burundi 363 1 826 4 12 8 7 67 54 15 16 79 / 21 A .. 21 9 84 / 82 60 / 60Comoros 31 169 5 14 8 10 84 64 15 17 85 / 41 B, 6 1 / 2 A 19 7 81 / 47 7 ..Djibouti 46 193 5 13 6 8 84 64 14 16 87 / 33 A .. 19 8 41 / 21 ..Eritrea 208 1 166 4 11 7 7 66 43 13 16 .. .. 23 9 66 / 43 ..Ethiopia 4 162 16 658 5 10 7 10 87 72 16 17 87 / 33 B 2 / 10 A 17 11 83 / 49 60 / 60Kenya 1 630 7 937 4 9 9 9 86 80 16 18 88 / 60 B 9 / 18 A 21 11 76 / 50 60 / 60Madagascar 902 4 403 5 10 9 10 89 93 16 18 76 / 33 B 7 / 14 A 18 10 81 / 65 60 / 55Malawi 738 2 651 5 7 7 10 88 70 15 18 88 / 44 B 9 / 13 A 16 13 96 / 86 ..Mauritius 145 373 11 26 11 22 74 48 17 21 80 / 33 A .. 10 3 13 / 5 60 / 60Mayotte 9 63 5 16 11 14 91 58 17 23 .. .. 18 6 .. ..Mozambique 1 158 3 408 5 8 8 11 77 63 15 17 85 / 35 A 6 / 16 A 16 13 86 / 76 ..Réunion 90 261 11 24 13 24 72 42 17 23 71 / 39 A 10 / 18 C 9 3 9 / 5 ..Rwanda 382 2 124 4 10 9 7 69 48 15 16 83 / 31 A 6 / 10 A 22 11 62 / 62 55 / 55Seychelles .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 61 / 41 A .. .. .. .. 63 / 63Somalia 395 1 665 4 7 7 9 85 71 14 16 .. .. 19 13 72 / 42 ..Uganda 1 270 5 942 4 7 9 7 81 74 15 17 73 / 36 A 13 / 12 A 19 16 83 / 55 55 / 55United Republic of Tanzania 2 119 8 386 5 8 8 10 82 71 16 18 80 / 36 A 7 / 12 A 17 13 78 / 60 60 / 60Zambia 616 1 825 5 6 7 8 84 70 15 16 82 / 41 A, 6 6 / 12 A 17 16 80 / 56 55 / 55Zimbabwe 722 2 664 6 12 11 6 74 71 15 18 85 / 38 A 7 / 7 A 14 10 63 / 46 60 / 60 8

Middle Africa 5 671 22 181 5 8 7 8 82 65 14 16 81 / 33 6 / 13 18 13 75 / 47 -Angola 726 3 295 4 8 6 8 82 64 14 16 81 / 44 C 4 / 12 A 21 13 75 / 48 ..Cameroon 1 059 3 751 5 10 8 9 86 72 15 17 79 / 28 B 9 / 15 A 16 10 70 / 47 60 / 60Central African Republic 259 759 6 10 8 9 81 65 14 16 74 / 37 B 9 / 16 B 14 10 85 / 71 60 / 60Chad 499 1 942 4 7 6 7 84 64 14 16 85 / 16 C 4 / 11 A 18 14 88 / 54 60 / 60Congo 210 792 6 12 9 8 84 73 15 17 80 / 38 C .. 15 9 72 / 65 60 / 60Dem. Republic of the Congo 2 786 11 133 4 8 7 7 80 61 14 16 82 / 34 C 5 / 12 A 19 14 74 / 42 65 / 60Equatorial Guinea 29 121 4 8 10 13 85 69 15 16 77 / 29 C .. 19 12 70 / 32 60 / 60Gabon 94 348 6 14 13 12 90 74 17 18 76 / 41 B 10 / 12 A 14 7 62 / 44 55 / 55Sao Tome and Principe 9 39 5 13 11 8 77 70 16 18 52 / 29 B .. 14 7 42 / 12 62 / 57

Northern Africa 14 758 62 388 7 19 9 13 88 71 17 19 90 / 39 4 / 12 14 5 41 / 8 -Algeria 2 358 12 059 7 24 10 14 84 60 17 20 94 / 51 A .. 15 4 38 / 22 60 / 55Egypt 6 054 24 846 7 19 8 12 90 72 16 18 87 / 33 A 4 / 16 A 14 5 26 / 3 60 / 60Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 418 2 273 7 23 9 15 108 66 17 21 95 / 46 A .. 15 4 42 / 5 65 / 60 9

Morocco 2 530 9 766 8 23 10 14 87 74 17 19 91 / 41 A 2 / 5 A 12 4 52 / 6 60 / 60 10

Sudan 2 397 9 652 6 13 8 10 88 74 16 17 89 / 38 B 6 / 15 C 16 8 76 / 13 60 / 60Tunisia 981 3 588 10 28 11 16 91 80 17 20 90 / 48 B 2 / 4 B 10 3 35 / 5 60 / 60Western Sahara 20 205 4 22 8 11 126 101 16 17 84 / 54 C .. 29 4 57 / 45 ..

Southern Africa 4 013 9 203 7 14 8 15 70 43 14 18 78 / 46 8 / 8 15 7 38 / 18 -Botswana 113 341 6 12 8 9 74 54 15 18 77 / 39 A .. 17 9 46 / 18 65 / 65Lesotho 144 233 7 9 10 9 72 60 14 17 78 / 31 A 11 / 11 A 12 11 67 / 53 ..Namibia 121 432 6 12 9 12 77 63 16 18 76 / 34 B, 11 7 / 7 A 16 8 41 / 28 60 / 60South Africa 3 574 8 060 7 14 8 15 70 41 14 18 78 / 47 A 8 / 8 A 14 7 37 / 16 61 / 60 12

Swaziland 62 136 5 8 8 9 76 55 15 17 79 / 64 B 9 / 6 A 17 15 58 / 28 50 / 50Western Africa 14 332 57 251 5 9 6 8 88 74 14 16 85 / 42 A 6 / 10 A 18 11 65 / 36 ..

Benin 448 2 109 5 10 7 9 71 58 16 18 86 / 39 A 9 / 15 A 17 10 82 / 45 60 / 60Burkina Faso 524 2 888 3 7 4 6 70 59 13 14 90 / 41 A 4 / 5 A 26 14 76 / 43 55 / 55 13

Cape Verde 27 143 5 20 12 14 53 53 16 19 79 / 43 A .. 14 5 54 / 13 65 / 60Côte d’Ivoire 1 266 4 776 6 11 6 9 113 88 15 18 80 / 34 B 6 / 6 A 14 9 75 / 33 55 / 55Gambia 84 334 5 9 3 7 87 72 12 13 92 / 62 B .. 19 12 89 / 65 60 / 60Ghana 1 360 5 336 6 12 8 10 94 82 16 17 71 / 39 A 15 / 16 A 16 8 66 / 52 60 / 60 14

Guinea 517 2 323 5 10 6 10 81 66 15 17 87 / 39 C 1 / 7 A 17 10 79 / 42 55 / 55Guinea-Bissau 87 279 5 8 7 8 86 69 14 16 .. .. 16 12 73 / 42 ..Liberia 192 877 5 10 6 9 83 66 15 17 76 / 46 C 8 / 3 A 17 10 81 / 33 60 / 60Mali 498 2 075 4 7 4 5 84 89 12 13 92 / 48 B 3 / 7 A 23 14 40 / 14 58 / 58Mauritania 145 701 4 12 4 7 73 56 13 14 91 / 27 B .. 22 9 62 / 32 60 / 55Niger 536 2 783 4 5 4 6 90 77 12 14 70 / 49 A 2 / 5 A 24 19 79 / 33 60 / 60Nigeria 7 591 27 719 5 10 7 8 87 73 15 16 89 / 43 B 5 / 12 A 17 11 59 / 32 50 / 50Saint Helena .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 61 / 34 A .. .. .. .. ..Senegal 497 2 419 4 9 3 5 89 70 12 13 91 / 41 B 2 / 1 A 23 12 63 / 49 55 / 55 15

Sierra Leone 200 834 4 7 2 4 93 102 10 10 85 / 46 A .. 30 16 64 / 35 60 / 60Togo 359 1 654 5 13 8 10 81 62 16 19 80 / 35 C 7 / 9 A 16 8 78 / 43 60 / 60

Asia 399 881 1 236 103 10 24 11 18 90 68 18 20 81 / 52 6 / 11 10 4 44 / 23 -

Eastern Asia 210 258 513 901 14 32 13 24 91 62 19 22 79 / 57 9 / 12 8 2 39 / 21 -China 160 250 440 439 12 31 12 23 96 70 18 21 77 / 58 A 9 / 11 B, 11 9 3 39 / 21 60 / 60 16

China, Hong Kong SAR a 1 246 3 403 18 39 20 35 91 64 22 27 82 / 52 A 11 / 13 A 6 2 19 / 6 65 / 65China, Macao SAR b 61 259 11 44 17 32 98 52 21 25 84 / 49 A 11 / 10 B 11 2 34 / 13 ..Dem. People’s Rep. of Korea 3 413 6 066 14 25 7 16 68 24 14 18 .. 0 / 9 C 7 4 54 / 34 ..Japan 37 827 44 914 30 44 20 35 79 50 22 28 84 / 55 A 10 / 18 A 3 1 37 / 19 65 / 65 17

Mongolia 158 837 6 24 10 14 79 50 15 19 71 / 33 A .. 17 4 51 / 32 ..Republic of Korea 7 304 17 983 15 41 12 31 74 41 20 25 87 / 44 A .. 7 2 49 / 28 60 / 60 18

South-Central Asia 124 423 474 685 7 19 9 13 92 84 16 18 83 / 48 3 / 8 14 5 50 / 23 -Afghanistan 1 069 4 399 4 6 5 6 98 83 13 14 83 / 38 C .. 23 18 86 / 5 ..Bangladesh 9 801 47 180 6 21 8 11 94 89 16 17 91 / 48 A 0 / 4 A 17 4 46 / 23 60 / 60Bhutan 49 220 7 22 9 12 106 86 17 19 73 / 56 A .. 13 4 44 / 39 ..India 88 605 315 637 7 20 9 13 91 83 16 18 82 / 47 A 3 / 8 A 13 5 51 / 25 58 / 58Iran (Islamic Republic of) 5 231 27 239 7 28 12 12 101 111 17 19 90 / 50 A 4 / 15 A 15 3 41 / 15 60 / 55Kazakhstan 1 582 3 993 10 22 12 15 53 26 12 18 79 / 37 A 8 / 21 A 10 4 28 / 13 63 / 58Kyrgyzstan 395 1 454 7 21 14 14 69 42 15 19 82 / 39 A 6 / 15 A 13 5 33 / 11 63 / 58Maldives 19 111 6 24 9 13 105 122 17 19 73 / 45 A .. 15 4 61 / 37 ..Nepal 1 797 7 648 6 16 7 11 84 76 16 17 89 / 73 A 3 / 8 A 15 6 47 / 29 58 / 58Pakistan 11 116 49 802 6 15 9 12 105 119 18 18 81 / 48 A 3 / 2 B 15 7 55 / 14 60 / 55Sri Lanka 2 387 6 044 12 28 12 24 84 68 18 22 87 / 66 A 1 / 5 B 9 3 35 / 18 55 / 50Tajikistan 347 1 732 5 16 13 14 81 54 17 20 81 / 46 A .. 16 7 25 / 15 ..Turkmenistan 309 1 393 6 20 12 13 71 44 15 18 77 / 36 B .. 16 5 17 / 9 62 / 57Uzbekistan 1 715 7 833 6 21 14 15 77 50 17 20 83 / 37 B 4 / 11 A 15 5 22 / 13 60 / 55

South-Eastern Asia 49 489 178 401 8 23 10 17 81 65 17 19 82 / 45 3 / 9 12 4 55 / 33 -Brunei Darussalam 22 136 6 21 9 17 130 58 18 22 86 / 52 A .. 21 4 16 / 5 55 / 55Cambodia 847 3 854 6 16 7 10 62 44 15 17 86 / 48 A 2 / 6 A 18 7 64 / 46 ..Indonesia 20 228 71 592 9 25 8 16 82 70 17 19 84 / 42 A 2 / 12 A 11 3 66 / 32 55 / 55Lao People’s Dem. Republic 347 1 542 5 14 9 10 81 66 15 17 83 / 46 A .. 16 7 53 / 32 60 / 60Malaysia 2 065 8 818 8 22 9 18 93 71 18 20 86 / 50 A 5 / 9 B 14 4 47 / 14 55 / 55Myanmar 4 013 14 964 8 24 12 16 83 73 17 18 73 / 39 B 3 / 6 B 12 4 70 / 59 ..Philippines 5 993 26 111 7 18 8 14 87 61 17 19 80 / 49 A 4 / 6 A 15 5 59 / 37 60 / 60Singapore 719 2 067 15 40 13 37 89 66 21 25 84 / 51 A 2 / 3 A 8 2 38 / 15 55 / 55Thailand 7 598 19 331 11 26 10 20 83 68 17 19 81 / 52 A 3 / 6 A 9 3 49 / 36 55 / 55Timor-Leste 55 238 5 7 6 9 89 77 15 16 75 / 46 A .. 17 14 60 / 21 ..Viet Nam 7 601 29 746 9 27 14 21 72 56 19 21 84 / 43 A .. 11 3 22 / 17 60 / 55

Western Asia 15 711 69 115 7 19 10 14 84 62 17 20 88 / 50 5 / 15 14 5 32 / 10 -Armenia 443 898 14 30 17 22 65 48 17 21 86 / 43 B 7 / 21 A 6 3 16 / 9 63 / 61.5 19

Azerbaijan 763 2 668 9 25 12 19 72 50 17 20 87 / 46 A 4 / 10 A 10 4 14 / 8 62 / 57Bahrain 29 309 4 24 11 17 110 100 18 21 88 / 41 A 1 / 1 B 31 4 39 / 4 60 / 55Cyprus 157 354 18 30 16 25 84 65 21 24 86 / 57 A 9 / 25 B 5 3 32 / 9 65 / 65 20

Georgia 803 1 059 19 32 15 22 67 46 17 20 84 / 38 B .. 5 2 63 / 47 65 / 60Iraq 1 450 8 337 5 13 9 10 70 31 13 19 89 / 45 A .. 17 8 31 / 3 ..Israel 1 022 2 583 14 24 19 25 79 61 22 25 80 / 46 A 12 / 34 A 6 3 28 / 14 66.7 / 61.7 21

Jordan 348 1 953 6 19 10 13 101 92 18 20 93 / 49 A 2 / 12 A 17 5 23 / 2 60 / 55Kuwait 115 1 306 4 25 5 18 152 82 20 22 91 / 38 A .. 34 3 22 / 6 50 / 50 22

Lebanon 437 1 297 10 26 11 17 89 80 17 19 88 / 50 A .. 9 3 46 / 5 64 / 64Occupied Palestinian Territory 188 1 113 4 11 11 13 79 64 17 19 90 / 43 A 2 / 9 A 18 9 .. ..Oman 133 1 006 5 21 7 15 122 72 18 21 85 / 38 A .. 22 4 27 / 2 60 / 55Qatar 27 453 2 20 9 10 216 136 19 21 93 / 45 A .. 79 5 64 / 6 ..Saudi Arabia 1 154 8 127 4 19 9 15 108 82 17 19 93 / 53 A .. 22 5 43 / 2 60 / 55Syrian Arab Republic 1 052 6 976 5 19 10 13 87 73 18 20 93 / 57 A 2 / 7 C 19 5 41 / 6 60 / 55Turkey 6 601 23 785 9 24 9 15 84 71 17 19 88 / 54 A 5 / 15 A 11 3 26 / 9 60 / 58United Arab Emirates 89 1 451 2 18 9 11 181 93 20 22 93 / 31 A .. 80 6 57 / 4 ..Yemen 899 5 440 4 10 7 8 87 74 15 17 89 / 49 A 2 / 6 A 23 11 55 / 4 60 / 55

Europe 158 503 236 426 22 34 19 28 70 46 18 23 77 / 44 14 / 34 4 2 18 / 10 -

Eastern Europe 55 486 80 624 19 34 16 20 58 36 15 20 79 / 38 11 / 31 5 2 21 / 13 -Belarus 1 748 2 548 18 35 16 19 52 29 13 19 81 / 39 A .. 5 2 10 / 3 60 / 55Bulgaria 1 824 2 059 24 38 15 22 72 54 16 20 79 / 47 A 12 / 25 B 4 2 16 / 6 63 / 60

Czech Republic 2 255 3 547 22 34 16 23 73 44 18 22 77 / 45 A 17 / 40 A 5 2 16 / 561.8 / 56.3-

60.323

Hungary 2 212 2 952 22 33 17 21 63 42 16 21 74 / 36 A 13 / 32 B 4 2 11 / 4 62 / 62 24

Republic of Moldova 563 854 16 31 13 16 65 43 14 17 81 / 40 B 14 / 35 A 6 3 32 / 23 62 / 57Poland 7 174 12 175 19 38 17 22 66 43 17 23 80 / 41 A 10 / 28 B 5 2 13 / 5 65 / 60Romania 4 256 6 391 20 37 15 20 72 55 16 20 81 / 44 A 6 / 15 A 5 2 17 / 15 63.2 / 58.2 25

Russian Federation 25 033 36 844 18 32 16 19 52 30 14 19 78 / 36 A 10 / 31 B 6 3 27 / 15 60 / 55Slovakia 933 1 780 17 36 16 21 66 43 17 21 82 / 42 A 11 / 30 A 6 2 9 / 3 62 / 56.8 26

Ukraine 9 488 11 472 21 33 16 19 55 33 14 19 79 / 37 A 16 / 36 A 4 2 24 / 20 60 / 55Northern Europe 21 971 33 209 22 30 20 29 79 52 20 24 72 / 46 22 / 44 4 3 26 / 14 -

Channel Islands 33 52 22 36 17 33 84 54 20 23 .. .. 5 2 19 / 11 ..Denmark 1 258 1 626 23 29 18 31 83 53 20 23 70 / 49 A 25 / 50 B 4 3 25 / 12 65 / 65Estonia 301 393 22 32 18 23 55 31 16 22 71 / 33 A 19 / 41 A 4 2 32 / 25 63 / 60.5 27

Faeroe Islands .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 72 / 53 A .. .. .. .. ..Finland 1 280 1 736 24 32 19 32 77 45 20 25 69 / 44 A 21 / 45 A 4 2 22 / 14 65 / 65Iceland 53 133 16 33 20 29 90 68 22 25 71 / 53 A .. 6 2 40 / 26 67 / 67Ireland 717 1 894 16 30 17 24 86 54 20 24 67 / 47 A 20 / 30 A 6 2 29 / 13 65 / 65Isle of Man .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 71 / 44 A .. .. .. 25 / 12 65 / 60Latvia 505 643 22 35 17 22 53 29 16 21 69 / 34 A 13 / 27 A 4 2 37 / 19 62 / 62

Country or area

Population aged 60 years or overPercentage currently married,

60 years or over 2, 3

Percentage living alone, 60 years or

over 2

Old-age support ratio 4

Percentage in labor force,

60 years or over 5

Statutory retirement

ageNumber

(thousands)

Percentage of total

population

Share of persons

80 years or over 1

Sex ratio (men per

100 women), 2009

Life expectancy at age 60, 2005-2010

2009 2050 2009 2050 2009 2050 60+ 80+ Men Women Men / Women Men / Women 2009 2050 Men / Women Men / Women(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16)

Northern Europe (continued)

Lithuania 699 870 21 34 17 25 56 35 16 21 75 / 39 A 14 / 35 A 4 2 19 / 8 62.5 / 60Norway 1 000 1 761 21 30 22 30 82 53 21 25 70 / 47 A 23 / 46 A 4 3 33 / 23 67 / 67Sweden 2 283 3 192 25 30 22 31 84 56 21 25 65 / 46 A 24 / 47 B 4 2 31 / 21 65 / 65United Kingdom 13 813 20 869 22 29 21 30 81 54 20 24 73 / 47 A 22 / 45 B 4 3 24 / 12 65 / 60 28

Southern Europe 36 012 57 545 24 37 20 31 77 54 21 25 81 / 49 9 / 26 4 2 15 / 6 -Albania 423 960 13 29 13 23 85 46 18 23 89 / 56 A .. 7 3 30 / 11 65 / 60Andorra .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 65 / 65Bosnia and Herzegovina 706 1 178 19 39 12 23 78 54 18 21 .. .. 5 2 17 / 8 ..Croatia 1 019 1 340 23 35 16 26 69 42 18 22 80 / 41 A 11 / 27 A 4 2 13 / 7 65 / 60Gibraltar .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 80 / 48 A .. .. .. .. ..Greece 2 678 4 113 24 38 15 28 82 77 21 23 85 / 52 A 8 / 23 A 4 2 15 / 6 65 / 60Holy See c .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Italy 15 788 22 310 26 39 22 34 76 51 22 26 82 / 49 A 10 / 32 B 3 2 12 / 3 65 / 60Malta 87 152 21 37 16 26 81 52 21 24 66 / 37 B .. 5 2 11 / 1 61 / 60 29

Montenegro 110 182 18 29 13 21 77 61 17 20 82 / 43 A 8 / 20 B, 30 5 3 21 / 11 ..Portugal 2 497 3 848 23 38 19 29 75 53 20 24 81 / 49 B 9 / 21 B 4 2 32 / 20 65 / 65San Marino .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 84 / 55 A .. .. .. 20 / 3 65 / 65Serbia 1 914 2 823 19 31 15 20 79 65 17 20 78 / 47 A 8 / 20 B, 30 5 3 21 / 11 63.5 / 58.5 31

Slovenia 442 724 22 37 18 28 69 36 19 24 77 / 47 A 11 / 31 A 4 2 13 / 6 63 / 56.3 32

Spain 9 982 19 235 22 38 22 30 78 55 21 26 80 / 49 B 7 / 19 B 4 2 16 / 6 65 / 65TFYR Macedonia d 337 612 17 33 12 20 79 54 17 20 82 / 60 B .. 6 2 17 / 6 ..

Western Europe 45 033 65 048 24 35 21 35 78 47 21 25 76 / 48 15 / 41 4 2 13 / 6 -Austria 1 912 3 049 23 36 21 34 75 45 21 25 76 / 41 A 15 / 40 A 4 2 10 / 3 65 / 60Belgium 2 454 3 717 23 32 21 33 78 50 20 25 75 / 49 A 16 / 39 A 4 2 9 / 3 65 / 65France 14 140 22 034 23 33 24 35 76 50 22 27 76 / 47 A 15 / 38 B 4 2 7 / 5 60 / 60Germany 21 134 27 873 26 40 19 36 77 43 20 25 76 / 49 A 15 / 42 A 3 2 15 / 7 65 / 65 33

Liechtenstein .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 79 / 49 A .. .. .. .. 64 / 63Luxembourg 92 196 19 27 19 28 80 46 20 24 77 / 45 A 14 / 35 A 5 3 5 / 3 65 / 65Monaco .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 75 / 45 A .. .. .. 18 / 6 65 / 65Netherlands 3 548 5 445 21 31 18 33 83 50 21 24 76 / 52 A 17 / 42 A 4 2 19 / 9 65 / 65Switzerland 1 737 2 708 23 32 21 35 79 53 22 26 76 / 49 A 15 / 41 B 4 2 26 / 15 65 / 64

Latin America and the Caribbean 57 039 186 036 10 26 15 22 82 65 20 22 76 / 43 9 / 12 10 3 47 / 21 -

Caribbean 4 955 12 230 12 25 15 24 87 73 20 23 69 / 42 11 / 9 8 3 37 / 14 -Anguilla .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 61 / 41 A .. .. .. 39 / 18 34 ..Antigua and Barbuda .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 65 / 35 A .. .. .. 41 / 20 60 / 60Aruba 15 31 14 29 10 30 80 65 17 21 72 / 42 A 10 / 14 C 8 3 25 / 11 ..Bahamas 34 119 10 26 11 23 78 45 18 23 69 / 34 A .. 10 3 47 / 26 65 / 65Barbados 38 85 15 36 18 28 67 40 18 23 59 / 33 B 24 / 22 C 7 2 32 / 18 65.5 / 65.5British Virgin Islands .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 66 / 49 B .. .. .. .. 65 / 65Cayman Islands .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 74 / 40 B .. .. .. 43 / 18 11 ..Cuba 1 887 3 768 17 39 15 31 91 82 21 24 67 / 44 A 10 / 9 C 6 2 25 / 3 60 / 55 35

Dominica .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 64 / 39 A .. .. .. 32 / 12 60 / 60Dominican Republic 868 2 880 9 21 15 21 97 89 21 23 76 / 45 A 11 / 10 A 10 4 53 / 22 60 / 60Grenada 10 27 9 28 20 15 72 53 18 21 58 / 30 B .. 9 3 .. 60 / 60Guadeloupe 83 157 18 33 23 32 85 81 21 25 63 / 36 A .. 5 2 12 / 8 ..Haiti 644 2 413 6 16 8 13 84 74 16 17 70 / 42 A 10 / 6 A 14 6 83 / 39 55 / 55Jamaica 288 619 11 23 18 25 87 61 19 22 57 / 36 A .. 8 4 48 / 22 65 / 60Martinique 77 136 19 35 20 35 75 55 21 25 62 / 38 A .. 5 2 10 / 7 ..Montserrat .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 66 / 37 C .. .. .. .. ..Netherlands Antilles 30 75 15 39 15 26 76 56 19 23 67 / 37 A 14 / 15 B 7 2 22 / 9 ..Puerto Rico 761 1 318 19 32 18 28 76 58 20 25 70 / 42 A .. 5 2 15 / 8 66 / 66 36

Saint Kitts and Nevis .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 57 / 33 C .. .. .. .. 62 / 62Saint Lucia 16 55 9 25 17 19 82 70 18 21 65 / 40 A 19 / 17 C 10 3 45 / 12 62 / 62St. Vincent and the Grenadines 10 27 9 22 15 17 87 63 17 19 63 / 34 A .. 10 4 33 / 13 60 / 60Trinidad and Tobago 138 385 10 30 12 17 68 40 15 20 64 / 37 B 16 / 14 B 11 3 26 / 11 60 / 60Turks and Caicos Islands .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 69 / 30 B, 11 .. .. .. .. ..United States Virgin Islands 22 25 20 34 12 39 83 56 20 25 69 / 39 B 21 / 25 B 5 2 22 / 18 66 / 66 36

Central America 13 079 48 491 9 25 15 21 87 70 20 23 76 / 45 7 / 9 10 3 53 / 18 -Belize 18 99 6 20 16 18 90 73 20 24 76 / 52 A 16 / 11 C 15 5 48 / 15 65 / 65Costa Rica 420 1 702 9 27 16 23 90 76 22 24 71 / 41 A 8 / 8 C 11 3 37 / 8 61.9 / 59.9El Salvador 616 1 598 10 20 16 21 79 73 20 23 72 / 39 A 8 / 6 B 8 4 50 / 20 60 / 55Guatemala 896 3 666 6 13 13 15 90 79 19 21 79 / 48 B 5 / 8 A 12 7 73 / 26 60 / 60Honduras 456 2 190 6 18 15 16 91 72 20 22 74 / 44 A 7 / 7 A 14 5 66 / 18 65 / 60Mexico 9 991 36 428 9 28 15 22 87 68 21 23 77 / 45 A 7 / 10 A 10 3 52 / 18 65 / 65Nicaragua 353 1 646 6 20 15 18 88 70 20 22 70 / 37 A 6 / 4 A 13 4 67 / 18 60 / 60Panama 329 1 163 10 23 13 22 94 81 20 23 67 / 43 A 14 / 9 A 10 4 44 / 11 60 / 55

South America 39 005 125 315 10 26 15 22 80 62 19 22 76 / 43 9 / 13 10 3 46 / 23 -Argentina 5 875 12 706 15 25 18 21 72 45 18 23 74 / 41 A 12 / 22 B, 11 6 3 43 / 18 65 / 60Bolivia 698 2 610 7 18 10 16 83 66 17 19 69 / 46 A 13 / 16 A 13 5 75 / 52 65 / 65Brazil 19 100 64 025 10 29 14 22 80 68 19 22 81 / 44 A 8 / 13 A 10 3 45 / 22 65 / 60 37

Chile 2 178 5 921 13 29 16 27 79 55 21 24 72 / 43 A 8 / 9 B 8 3 38 / 12 65 / 60Colombia 3 797 14 539 8 23 13 21 80 66 19 22 70 / 40 A, 6 8 / 7 A 12 4 35 / 6 60 / 55Ecuador 1 255 4 131 9 23 15 22 89 78 21 23 68 / 48 A 9 / 9 B 10 4 68 / 40 60 / 60Falkland Islands (Malvinas) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 57 / 46 B .. .. .. .. ..French Guiana 14 79 6 17 11 20 96 61 18 23 46 / 29 A 32 / 28 C 16 5 20 / 13 ..Guyana 70 142 9 25 12 24 99 64 17 20 63 / 35 B .. 11 3 46 / 13 60 / 60Paraguay 476 1 804 7 18 13 17 93 73 19 21 76 / 46 A 6 / 5 B 12 5 63 / 40 60 / 60Peru 2 484 8 932 9 22 12 19 87 70 19 22 75 / 45 C 8 / 12 A 11 4 61 / 53 60 / 60Suriname 48 140 9 23 11 19 79 59 16 20 56 / 32 A .. 10 4 9 / 4 ..Uruguay 614 997 18 27 20 25 69 47 19 23 72 / 40 A 12 / 18 A 5 3 33 / 17 60 / 60Venezuela (Bolivarian Rep. of) 2 395 9 287 8 22 12 20 89 73 19 22 68 / 36 A 9 / 5 A 12 4 57 / 25 60 / 55

Northern America 62 744 124 671 18 28 21 29 80 57 21 25 75 / 47 15 / 34 5 3 32 / 22 -

Bermuda .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 82 / 42 A .. .. .. 45 / 28 65 / 65Canada 6 549 14 129 20 32 20 30 83 57 22 25 76 / 50 A 16 / 34 A 5 2 27 / 17 65 / 65Greenland .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 57 / 40 A .. .. .. .. ..Saint Pierre and Miquelon .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 75 / 35 B .. .. .. .. ..United States of America 56 175 110 508 18 27 21 29 80 56 21 25 75 / 46 A 15 / 35 A 5 3 33 / 23 66 / 66 36

Oceania 5 338 12 246 15 24 19 27 88 62 21 25 73 / 50 16 / 34 6 3 30 / 18 -

American Samoa .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 81 / 48 B .. .. .. .. 66 / 66 36

Australia 4 070 8 482 19 30 20 30 88 62 22 26 72 / 50 A .. 5 3 26 / 14 65 / 63 38

Cook Islands .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 67 / 55 A 12 / 6 B .. .. 25 / 13 ..Fiji 67 178 8 20 6 15 82 56 15 17 76 / 44 A 2 / 2 C 13 5 59 / 28 55 / 55French Polynesia 24 89 9 25 10 20 98 57 17 21 68 / 48 A .. 12 4 18 / 10 ..Guam 19 54 11 22 11 23 91 78 18 21 82 / 52 B .. 9 4 51 / 29 66 / 66 36

Kiribati .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 75 / 41 B .. .. .. .. 50 / 50Marshall Islands .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 73 / 49 A .. .. .. .. 60 / 60Micronesia (Fed. States of) 6 20 6 16 11 11 85 68 16 18 71 / 37 B .. 16 7 .. 60 / 60Nauru .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 68 / 50 C .. .. .. .. ..New Caledonia 28 94 11 26 13 23 92 55 18 23 66 / 39 A .. 9 3 18 / 8 ..New Zealand 760 1 562 18 29 19 31 86 62 22 25 76 / 53 A 17 / 36 A 5 3 36 / 23 65 / 65Niue .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 86 / 66 B .. .. .. 59 / 55 ..Northern Mariana Islands .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 77 / 44 B .. .. .. 56 / 32 66 / 66 36

Palau .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 76 / 40 A .. .. .. .. 60 / 60Papua New Guinea 281 1 419 4 11 6 11 95 84 14 16 75 / 52 C .. 23 9 65 / 56 55 / 55Pitcairn .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 100 / 50 B .. .. .. .. ..Samoa 12 25 7 13 14 23 79 52 16 20 79 / 49 A .. 12 8 42 / 3 55 / 55Solomon Islands 25 134 5 13 8 9 100 98 16 17 74 / 51 B .. 19 7 53 / 24 50 / 50Tokelau .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Tonga 8 17 8 13 13 20 86 61 16 20 78 / 55 A .. 10 6 68 / 39 ..Tuvalu .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 79 / 35 A .. .. .. .. ..Vanuatu 13 66 5 14 9 13 108 113 16 18 77 / 57 B .. 18 7 80 / 71 55 / 55Wallis and Futuna Islands .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 74 / 45 A .. .. .. .. ..

Number of persons aged 60 or over In 2009, an estimated 737 million persons were aged 60 years or over and constituted the “older population” of the world, nearly two thirds of whom lived in developing countries. Their number is projected to increase to 2 billion in 2050, by which time older persons will outnumber children (persons aged 0 to 14 years). Today, more than half of the older population lives in Asia (54 per cent) and a fifth lives in Europe (21 per cent).

Population aged 60 or over as a percentage of the total population Today, one out of every nine persons in the world is aged 60 or over. By 2050, the United Nations Population Division projects that one person out of every five will be aged 60 or over. The percentage of older persons is currently higher in developed countries. In Europe, one in every five persons is already aged 60 or over. The equivalent proportions are one in ten in Asia and in Latin America and the Caribbean, and one in 19 in Africa. However, population ageing is advancing faster in developing countries than in devel-oped countries where population ageing is more advanced.

The oldest old The older population is itself ageing. Currently, the oldest old (persons aged 80 years or over) constitute 14 per cent of the population aged 60 or over. The oldest old constitute one of the fastest growing segment of the population and, by 2050, 20 per cent of the older population will be aged 80 or over. The number of cen-tenarians (persons aged 100 years or over) is growing even faster than the oldest old

and is projected to increase nine-fold by 2050, from approximately 454,000 in 2009 to 4.1 million in 2050.

Life expectancy at age 60 The world has experienced dramatic increases in longevity. Globally, life expectancy at birth has gained more than 20 years since 1950, to reach its current level of 68 years. At current mortality rates, men surviving to age 60 can expect to live another 18 years and women surviving to age 60 can expect an additional 21 years of life. However, life expectancy at age 60 varies significantly across countries. In the least developed countries, men reaching age 60 can expect to live only 15 years more and women 17 years more, whereas in developed countries, life expectancy at age 60 is 20 years for men and 24 years for women.

Sex ratio Because female life expectancy is greater than male life expectancy at every age, there are fewer older men than older women. In 2009, there were 83 men for every 100 women among those aged 60 or over and only 59 men for every 100 women among those aged 80 or over. The ratio of men to women at older ages is lower in developed countries (74 men per 100 women) than in developing countries (89 men per 100 women) because the differences in life expectancy between the sexes are larger in developed countries.

Percentage of older persons currently married Older men are more likely than older women to still be married because women marry younger than men do and the inci-

dence of widowhood is higher among women than among men. In addition, men are more likely to remarry after widowhood or divorce than women are. Globally, about 80 per cent of older men are still married, compared to only 48 per cent of older women. Sex differences in the proportion married are more marked in the least devel-oped countries, where the age difference between spouses is higher and most older persons who do not have spouses are widowed.

Percentage of older persons living alone Although many older persons who live alone are socially active and have adequate means to support themselves, living alone is a marker of vulnerability, especially in cases of illness or disability, and is associated with a greater risk of social isolation and poverty. An estimated 14 per cent of the world’s older persons live alone. The proportion is lower for men (9 per cent) than for women (19 per cent) because women are more likely to be widowed. However, among persons who do not have spouses, men are more likely than women to live alone. The proportion of older persons living alone is lower in developing countries (8 per cent) than in developed countries (24 per cent).

Old-age support ratio The old-age support ratio is the number of persons aged 15 to 64 per person aged 65 years or over. It is an indicator of demographic ageing and of the degree of dependency of older persons on potential workers. The old-age support ratio fell from 12 persons aged 15 to 64 for every person aged 65 or over in 1950 to 9 in

2009 and is projected to fall to 4 persons of working age per person aged 65 or over in 2050. The level of the old-age support ratio has important implications for the solvency of social security systems (pensions and public health), as well as for the size of private transfers from the working-age population to older family members.

Statutory retirement age In a majority of developed countries, men become eligible for full pension benefits at age 65 or higher while women become eligible below age 65. The statutory retirement age in developing countries ranges usually between 55 and 60 years for both men and women and tends to be lower than that in devel-oped countries. The lower statutory retirement ages common in developing countries reflect their more incipient social security systems and their lower life expectancies.

Percentage of the older population in the labour force Countries with high per capita income tend to have lower labour-force participation rates among older persons. In developed countries, just 24 per cent of men aged 60 or over are economically active, whereas 47 per cent of older men are economically active in developing countries. Among older women, 14 per cent are economically active in developed countries but 24 per cent work in developing countries. Older persons in developing countries work until advanced ages because they are not covered by existing social security systems or because, even when covered, they receive relatively low pensions.

20 to 24

0 to 9

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Percentageaged 60 or over

No data

20 to 24

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United Nations • Department of Economic and Social Affairs • Population Division • www.unpopulation.org

Population Ageing and Development 2009

The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city, area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The designations “more developed regions” and “less developed regions” are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the state reached by a particular country or area in the development process. The term “country” as used in the text of this publication also refers, as appropriate, to territories or area.

The population figures for 2009 and 2050 are obtained from the medium-fertility variant of the 2008 Revision of the official United Nations population estimates and projections.

Two dots (..) indicate that data are not readily available.

A hyphen (-) indicates that the item is not applicable.

More developed regions comprise all regions of Europe and Northern America, Australia/New Zealand and Japan.

Less developed regions comprise all regions of Africa, Asia (excluding Japan) and Latin America and the Caribbean and the regions of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia.

The terms “developed countries” and “develop-ing countries” are used to designate, respec-tively, the set of countries or areas located in the more developed regions and in the less developed regions of the world.

Least developed countries are so designated by the United Nations General Assembly. As of 2009, they include 49 countries, of which 33 are in Africa, 10 are in Asia, 1 is in Latin America and the Caribbean, and 5 are in Oceania. The least developed countries are included in the less developed regions and are therefore a subset of the developing countries.

a Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

b Macao Special Administrative Region of China.

c Referring to the Vatican City State.

d The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.

1 Persons aged 80 years or over (the “oldest-old”) as a percentage of the population aged 60 years or over

2 Letter indicates reference year: A: 1995 or later; B: 1985-1994; C: 1984 or earlier.

3 Persons in the category of “currently mar-Persons in the category of “currently mar-ried” include, where possible, also those in consensual unions.

4 Number of persons aged 15 to 64 years per person aged 65 or older.

5 For a majority of countries, data for 2009 are obtained from the Economically Active Population Estimates and Projections series (5th edition, revision 2009) of the International Labor Organization (ILO); for small countries, data are obtained from the

Main Statistics section of the ILO database on labour statistics (http://laborsta.ilo.org).

6 Aged 55 years or over.

7 Including Mayotte.

8 Age 55 for arduous employment.

9 Age 62 for civil service employees and 60 for workers in hazardous or unhealthy occupations.

10 Age 55 for miners.

11 Aged 65 years or over.

12 Decreasing for men from age 61 in 2009 to age 60 in 2010.

13 After 2009, age 56 for blue-collar workers, 58 for white-collar workers, 60 for managers and 63 for doctors and teachers.

14 Ages 55 to 59 for underground mine workers and employees working in other types of hazardous employment.

15 Age 60 for managers.

16 Age 60 for professional women; age 55 for non-professional salaried women and age 50 for other women.

17 National pension programme; pensionable age under employees’ pension insurance is 60 years (rising gradually to 65 years).

18 Increasing to age 65 by the year 2033.

19 For women, increasing gradually to age 63 by the year 2011.

20 Age 63 for miners.

21 Increasing gradually to age 67 (men) or age 62 (women).

22 Increasing gradually to age 55 by the year 2020.

23 Increasing gradually to age 65 by 2030; retirement age to remain 2 to 3 years lower for women with two or more children.

24 Increasing gradually to age 65 during the period 2012-2017.

25 Increasing gradually to age 65 by December 2014 (for women) and January 2015 (for men).

26 For women, increasing gradually to age 62 by 2015.

27 For women, increasing gradually to age 63 in 2013.

28 Increasing gradually to age 65 for women between 2010 and 2020.

29 For persons born before 1952; it increases gradually for younger cohorts, to reach age 65 for those born after 1961.

30 Data pertain to the former Serbia and Montenegro.

31 Increasing gradually between 2008 and 2011 to reach age 65 for men and age 60 for women.

32 For women, increasing gradually to age 61 by 2023.

33 Increasing gradually to age 67 between 2012 and 2029.

34 Excluding Armed Forces.

35 Increasing gradually to age 65 for men and age 60 for women during 2009-2016.

36 Increasing gradually to age 67 by 2027.

37 For urban employees; for rural employees, age 60 (men) and age 55 (women).

38 For women, increasing gradually to age 65 by the year 2013.

SourcesWorld Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision, vol. I: Comprehensive Tables (United Nations publication, ST/ESA/SER.A/287); vol. II: Sex and Age Distribution of Populations (United Nations publication, ST/ESA/SER.A/291); Living Arrangements of Older Persons around the World (United Nations publication, ST/ESA/SER.A/240); United Nations, Demographic Yearbook (various issues); national statistics; United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International Data Base; International Labour Organisation, International Labour Office database on labour statistics — LABORSTA internet (http://laborsta.ilo.org); United States Social Security Administration, Social Security Programs Throughout the World (Europe, September 2008; Asia and the Pacific, March 2008; Africa, September 2008, the Americas, March 2008), and International Updates (through September 2009).

Notes

Percentage of the total population aged 60 years or over2009 2050

Note: The boundaries shown on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations Note: The boundaries shown on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations

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USD 10

ISBN 978-92-1-151459-9

Copyright © United Nations, 2009All rights reserved

ST/ESA/SER.A/290Sales No. E.09.XIII.10

Enquiries should be directed to:Director, Population DivisionDepartment of Economic and Social AffairsUnited Nations, New York, NY 10017, USA

Fax number: 1 212 963 2147

Printed at the United Nations, New York

09-59532—December 2009—6,725

United Nations

22 0 44 66

0

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40

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Males Females

World 2009

Ag

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Population Ageing and

Development 2009

World, 1965-2050

0.0

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2.0

2.5

3.0

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4.0

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Total

60+

80+

1965-70

Perc

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1985-90 2005-10 2025-30 2045-501950 1975 2009 2025 2050

World and development regions, 1950-2050

8.1 8.5

10.8

14.9

21.9

11.7

15.5

21.4

32.6

6.4 6.1

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12.5

20.2

27.4

0

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World

More developed regions

Less developed regions

Perc

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Average annual growth rate of the total population, the population aged 60 or over, and the population aged 80 or over, 1965-2050

The older population is growing faster than the total population in practically all regions of the world. The oldest-old population is growing even faster. The difference in growth rates between the older population and the total population is increasing.

The population aged 60 or over as a percentage of the total popula-tion, world and development groups, 1950-2050

In 2050, 22 per cent of the world pop-ulation is projected to be 60 years or over. Since 1950, developed countries have had older population age dis-tributions than developing countries. The differences in age distributions are expected to persist until 2050.

Urb

an p

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tion

Urb

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opula

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Less developed countries More developed countries

Rura

l popula

tion

Rura

l popula

tion

In developed countries, 74 per cent of older persons reside in urban areas com-pared to just 37 per cent of older persons in developing countries;

In developing countries, the rural population is younger than the urban population whereas in developed countries, the age distributions of the urban and rural popula-tions are similar;

In developing countries there is a noticeable urban “youth bulge” produced by the earlier transition to lower fertility in urban areas and the net gains of young adults stemming from rural-urban migration.

Average annual growth rate of total population, aged 60 or over and aged 80 or over Percentage of population aged 60 or over

Age distributions of the urban and rural populations

Female, age 14 and under

Male, age 14 and under

Female, age 15-59

Male, age 15-59

Female, age 60 and over

Male, age 60 and over

Population Ageing 2009

Education

Transcript of Population Ageing 2009