IMPACTS OF POLLUTION IN DELHI

MADE BY :-PALAK SAHNI

DUSHYANT SINGHRUMAN SIDDIQUE

ADITI GAURANKITA GOEL

Pollution is the introduction of contaminants in the environment that cause adverse change. Pollution can take the form of chemical substances or energy, such as noise, heat or light.

POLLUTION

TYPES OF POLLUTION• AIR POLLUTION- the release of chemicals and particulates into the atmosphere. Like CO,

SO2, (CFCs) and nitrogen oxides produced by industry and motor vehicles. • WATER POLLUTION - the discharge of wastewater from commercial and industrial waste

into surface waters discharges of untreated domestic sewage• SOIL POLLUTION - occurs when chemicals are released by spill or underground leakage.

Like hydrocarbons, heavy metals, MTBE,[19] herbicides, pesticides and chlorinated hydrocarbons.

• NOISE POLLUTION - which encompasses roadway noise, aircraft noise, industrial noise as well as high-intensity sonar.

• LIGHT POLLUTION- includes light trespass, over-illumination and astronomical interference.

AIR POLLUTION • It was estimated that about 3000 metric tons of air pollutants were emitted every day in Delhi, with a

major contribution from vehicular pollution (67%), followed by coal based thermal power plants (12%) and small scale industries (12%).

• the World Health Organization in September 2011 reported that Delhi has exceeded the maximum PM limit by almost 10 times at 198 μg/m3.

What Air Pollution is Doing to Delhi’s Architecture?• Air pollution is not only impacting the health but also the iconic monuments in Delhi. Toxicity in air is

damaging the heritage monuments such as Red Fort, Lotus Temple and Qutub Minar.

• The impact of pollution can be seen on the Lotus Temple. This structure is made of marble and is turning grey and has started corroding because of heavy vehicular pollution in South Delhi.

• PM2.5 level, an indicator of air pollution, remains over 200 in South Delhi, which is much worse than the air quality index between 121-250, which is considered ‘very poor.’

• A commission appointed by the National Green Tribunal (NGT) reported that the vehicular traffic is impacting the structure and turning some stones to yellow. It has been observed that the slum inhabitants burn rubber and plastics during winter.

• Moreover, the Badarpur power plant emits gas and fly ash on a regular basis.

• Vehicles and industries produce pollutants like sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide, which react with moist air to form acid. This acid, in an irreversible process, corrodes the marble causing the discolouring and creation of holes.

Steps Taken to Control Pollution• Nehru place is a commercial zone and witnesses high volume of vehicular movement causing lots of

emissions. This is damaging air quality around monuments.In an attempt to reduce vehicular air pollution, the NGT has taken a step. It has banned all the diesel vehicles of more than 10 years old from plying in Delhi.

EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON HEALTH• It was found that Delhi had 1.7 times higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms (in

the past 3 months) compared with rural control Prevalence of current asthma (in the last 12 months) .

• there are high respiratory disorder symptoms in students residing in Chandni Chowk (66 per cent) in north Delhi, Mayapuri (59 per cent) in west Delhi and Sarojini Nagar (46 per cent) in south Delhi because of vehicular pollution.

• Lung function was reduced in 40.3% individuals of Delhi compared with 20.1% in the control group. The prevalence of hypertension is 36% in Delhi.

• Delhi had significantly higher levels of chronic headache, eye irritation and skin irritation.

CONTROL MEASURES BY THE GOVERNMENT implementation of National Air Quality Monitoring ProgrammeVarious industrial policies are also their.Vehicular PolicyControl measures so far instituted include introduction of unleaded petrol reduction of sulfur content in diesel (2000) and reduction of benzene content in fuels (2000). construction of flyovers and subways for smooth traffic flow, introduction of Metro rail and CNG for commercial transport vehicles . “Pollution Under Control” certificate.

NOISE POLLUTION• Delhi is moving on a high-decibel track. • launching an unchecked assault of 90 decibels

(dB) and above daily on the eardrums of the people.

• 45-55 dB in silence zones, 55-65 dB for residential colonies, 65-75 dB in market places and commercial areas and 80 dB for industrial areas

• The Moolchand Hospital , records 60 dB during mornings, 65 dB in the afternoon, 68 dB in the evening and 69 dB in the night.

• 50% of the 9,000 industrial units in Delhi are located in residential areas the mechanical noise caused by moving parts of machines, vibrations of engines' shifting of raw material and movement of heavy vehicles and loaders, causes disturbance to residents of a no. of areas.

• Only 5 per cent of residential colonies, including East of Nizamudin, Friends' Colony and Asiad Village, as having low-noise levels.

• Impact of noise pollution on health – nagging headache and hearing disorders

WATER POLLUTION

SOLID WASTE MANGEMENT