Politics of War

Br = no longer dependent on Southern Cotton (Huge inventory from Egypt and India)

Britain – decides on “neutrality” Trent Affair – test the neutrality of Britain

Confederacy sent James Mason and John Slidell to Br. and Fr. to gain support

Traveled on the TRENT (Br.ship) Captain Charles Wilkes traveled on the

San Jacinto (Union ship) Union arrested the two men *British and sent 8,000 troops to Canada

to fight the UNION

“One war at a time” - Lincoln freed the two prisoners =

peaceful negotiation

“Weapon of War” (showed foreign countries that the North supports abolition!)

**** This document made it harder forforeign nations to support the South (foreign nations =

antislavery) -Virtually guarantees Britain WOULD NOT enter the civil War on the Southern /Confederate side

Took effect on Jan. 1, 1863 ***the freeing of slaves ONLY in rebellingConfederate states/territories(NOT border states / Union states/ Union controlled states) Immediate Change:

(*) Turned the Civil War into a MORAL cause(Lincoln's and Harriet Beecher Stowe’s agenda)

“Present the body” If you get arrested, you must be told why you were

arrested and why you are in jail***LINCOLN “SUSPENDS” Habeas Corpus during the

Civil War***What does this mean: Southern supporters were

arrested and held without trialWhy did he suspend it: trying to Preserve the UnionRoger B. Taney – Lincoln goes beyond his presidential

powers – Lincoln ignores Taney’s viewpointCopperheads - Northerners supporting South

Not enough volunteers…..so (Draft) - Conscription – force certain

members of the population to serve in the army.

Confederacy drafted the law first…then the Union

Would everyone be happy about this????

Started by Irish Immigrants

Issue:*Why should they fight a war to end slavery

when they don’t have the same rights as American citizens?

Results: Burnt down draft offices, newspaper offices, hangings

Southern ShortagesFOOD SHORTAGE! (physical and mental

destruction)Loss of manpower, loss of land, loss of slaves (Eman. Proc.), loss of Ports (Anaconda Plan)Northern Economic growthEconomy soared! (PRODUCTION – supplies, guns,

shoes, clothes…) Income Tax (Point: pay off debt / pay for

war) First one EVER collected!!!!

A tax that takes a specific amount out of their income

United States Sanitary Commission Purpose: to improve hygienic conditions in

the Union

Clara Barton – often took care of soldiers on the front lines! “Angel of the Battlefield”****Red Cross founded in 1881 by Clara Barton

Prosthetic Arm

Andersonville, Georgia WORST Confederate prison….held Union

prisoners (45,000 Union soldiers) Remember: more soldiers died of disease /

starvation than bullets! Lasted 13 months – 13,000 deaths! Captain of Andersonville: Henry Wirz

Emancipation Proclamation freed ONLY slaves in Confederate-controlled states….what about the BORDER STATES? ***** FEDERAL GOVERNMENT GOT

STRONGER****** Lincoln’s Idea: Amend the Constitution

(slavery) 13th Amendment: NO SLAVERY Reason: get rid of slavery in border states

too / but everywhere in America as well

John Wilkes Booth 26 year old actor, southern sympathizer- Shot Lincoln, jumped on the stage and yelled

“The South is Avenged!”- Booth was found in a barn, Union officials locked the

barn and set it on fire!- Dr. Mudd

- Final words… “useless...useless”- Weird Fact: Lincoln didn’t die at the theater…doctor

killed him

(1) Restoring the Southern States back into the Union

(2) Integration of 4 million newly freed African Americans in American society