POLITICS AND ECONOMY
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Transcript of POLITICS AND ECONOMY
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POLITICS AND POLITICS AND ECONOMYECONOMYOF OF IRELANDIRELAND
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POLITICSPOLITICS IntroductionIntroduction representative democracyrepresentative democracy the Prime Minister (the Prime Minister (TaoiseachTaoiseach)()(pronounced TEE-spronounced TEE-s
hockhock)) Deputy Prime Minister (Tanaiste)Deputy Prime Minister (Tanaiste) the Cabinetthe Cabinet a hierarchy of courtsa hierarchy of courts Garda Siochana (“Garda Siochana (“Guardians of the PeaceGuardians of the Peace”)”) PresidentPresident
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checks and balanceschecks and balancesChecks and Checks and
BalancesBalances, the doctrine and practice of , the doctrine and practice of dispersing political power and creating mutual dispersing political power and creating mutual accountability among political entities such as accountability among political entities such as the courts, the president or prime minister, the the courts, the president or prime minister, the legislature, and the citizens. The diffusion of legislature, and the citizens. The diffusion of power and the mutual accountability are power and the mutual accountability are designed to prevent any single group or designed to prevent any single group or individual from dominating the political individual from dominating the political system. Political systems with checks and system. Political systems with checks and balances sometimes have a separation of balances sometimes have a separation of powers—that is, an allocation of different powers—that is, an allocation of different political and legal functions to separate and political and legal functions to separate and independent branches of the government.independent branches of the government.
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ExecutiveExecutive
Executive power – the cabinet of Executive power – the cabinet of ministersministers
Chief executive – the Prime MinisterChief executive – the Prime Minister
the President of Irelandthe President of Ireland
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Former Irish Prime Minister Bertie Ahern
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Bertie Ahern Fianna Fáil leader Bertie Ahern became prime minister of Ireland in 1997. In power, Ahern worked closely with British prime minister Tony Blair to encourage peace negotiations in Northern Ireland, and he urged paramilitary groups to disarm.
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Outgoing Irish Prime Minister Bertie Ahern (L) and new Prime Minister Brian Cowen shake hands.
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Mr. Brian Cowen , T.D .
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爱尔兰总理 Brian Cowen (左)在中国大使馆吊唁地震死难者
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Irish President Mary McAleese (L) meets with visiting former Chinese Vice-Premier Huang Ju
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PresidentPresident
symbolic Head of Statesymbolic Head of State
elected by direct popular voteelected by direct popular vote
term: 7 years; can be reelected onceterm: 7 years; can be reelected once
no executive functionsno executive functions
the Guardian of the Constitutionthe Guardian of the Constitution
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The Prime MinisterThe Prime Minister Head of GovernmentHead of Government (head of the Irish Parliament)(head of the Irish Parliament) Executive power is vested in the prime Executive power is vested in the prime
minister, who heads the cabinet and preminister, who heads the cabinet and presides over its meetings. The prime minissides over its meetings. The prime minister, the deputy prime minister, and the ter, the deputy prime minister, and the minister for finance must be members ominister for finance must be members of the Dáil. The other government ministf the Dáil. The other government ministers must be members of either house, bers must be members of either house, but no more than two may be senators.ut no more than two may be senators.
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LegislatureLegislature
Irish Parliament (Oireachtas)Irish Parliament (Oireachtas) two-chamber legislature:two-chamber legislature: the lower house (Dáil Éireann)the lower house (Dáil Éireann) the upper house (Seanad Éireann)the upper house (Seanad Éireann) MPs (Teachtai Dala)MPs (Teachtai Dala)
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Irish Parliament
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Leinster House (Irish Parliament)
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The Spire of Dublin, also known as the Monument of Light, is 120 m tall
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The Dáil Chamber
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The Seanad Chamber
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Election and VotingElection and Voting
electorate: 18 or aboveelectorate: 18 or above
electoral system: proportional electoral system: proportional representationrepresentation
Civil Service 16 government Civil Service 16 government departmentsdepartments
health services; pensions; health services; pensions; allowances; unemployment allowances; unemployment benefits; and other social benefits; and other social security paymentssecurity payments
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Judiciary (legal system)Judiciary (legal system)
a compromise between the American and a compromise between the American and British systemBritish system
the Supreme Courtthe Supreme Courta high courta high court(a court of criminal appeal)(a court of criminal appeal)(a central criminal court)(a central criminal court)circuit courtscircuit courtsdistrict courtsdistrict courtsbased on the English common law traditionbased on the English common law traditionno death sentenceno death sentence
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Supreme Court of Ireland
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The Custom House
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Form of government Republic
Head of state President
Head of government Prime Minister
Legislature Bicameral legislature:House of Representatives, 166 membersSenate, 60 members
Voting qualifications Universal at age 18
Constitution 29 December 1937; amended 1999
Highest court Supreme Court
Government of Ireland
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ECONOMYECONOMY
A small, open, trade-dependent economyA small, open, trade-dependent economy
traditionally based on agriculture traditionally based on agriculture and the processing of agricultural and the processing of agricultural productsproducts
recent expansion and diversification recent expansion and diversification of industrial base and service sector of industrial base and service sector
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IntroductionIntroduction
GDP in 2004 $181.6 billion GDP in 2004 $181.6 billion
services 56 % and industry 41 %services 56 % and industry 41 %
agriculture 3%agriculture 3%
mixed economy of private and public mixed economy of private and public ownership ownership
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HistoryHistory
until the mid-20th century: heavy until the mid-20th century: heavy dependence on agriculture and dependence on agriculture and lack of economic opportunity lack of economic opportunity
membership in the EC and EUmembership in the EC and EU
by the mid-1990s: growing at a by the mid-1990s: growing at a rate of more than double the EU rate of more than double the EU average average
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Grazing Sheep, Ireland Sheep graze in a fertile pasture on the central lowlands that border the Macgillicuddy’s Reeks, a mountain range in southwestern Ireland. As a result of abundant rainfall and moderate temperatures, the region has lengthy growing seasons and pastures that grow year-round.
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Irish Fishing Village The small fishing village of Passage East is located on the southeastern coast of Ireland, at the neck of Waterford Harbor in the county of Wexford. The steep coastline here is typical of the county's landscape.
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Microelectronics Industry in Ireland
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The EU: Economic PoliciesThe EU: Economic Policies
transformationtransformation
“ “The Celtic Tiger”The Celtic Tiger”
inequalitiesinequalities
Changes: agricultureChanges: agriculture
labor forcelabor force
cooperationcooperation
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The EU: Social PoliciesThe EU: Social Policies
social status of womensocial status of women
emigration and immigrationemigration and immigration
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Ireland TodayIreland Today
great social changesgreat social changes moving toward a multinational moving toward a multinational
societysociety Problems:Problems:
urbanizationurbanization
inequalitiesinequalities
corruptioncorruption
lack of public facilitieslack of public facilities
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Irish Economy
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Bank of Ireland building
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O'Connell St is the main shopping strip in the city, and is one of Europe's widest streets
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A pub in Temple Bar, decorated in anticipation of St Patrick's Day
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Statue of James Joyce in the shopping mall
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The River Liffey runs through the centre of Dublin
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Trinity College, Dublin, was founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I
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Parliament Square in Trinity College contains the famous campanile
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University College Dublin, Ireland's largest university, is located on the outskirts of the city
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Assignment for Unit 12Assignment for Unit 12
Try to make a comparison between Try to make a comparison between the Irish government and British the Irish government and British government in one of the three government in one of the three branches of executive, legislative branches of executive, legislative and judiciary powers and distinguish and judiciary powers and distinguish their similarities and differences in their similarities and differences in the category.the category.