Political and economic systems 4 3
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Transcript of Political and economic systems 4 3
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Chapter 4 Section 3
Political and Economic Systems
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What is a government?
Government is an institution that……..
Maintains social order Provides public
services Ensures national
security Supports economic
well- being.
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How is power divided?
1. Unitary System
2. Federal System
3. Confederation
Levels of Government
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Unitary SystemA system where all
key powers are given to the national or central government.
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Federal GovernmentA system in which
powers are divided between the central and state governments.
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Confederation
A system in which the states have more power than the Central government.
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Types of GovernmentWho is in charge of
the government?
1. Autocracy
2. Oligarchy
3. Democracy
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1. AutocracyAuto KratorSelf Rule
A government in which a single person possesses power and authority.
There are 2 major forms:
a) Totalitarian Dictatorship
b) Absolute Monarchy
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a.) Totalitarian DictatorshipDictator controls ALL
aspects of social and economic life.
Usually come to power through a revolution.
Example: Adolf Hitler as
dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933-1945.
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b.) Absolute Monarchy
King or Queen hold the supreme powers.
Usually inherit the throne.
Example: King Abdullah of
Saudi Arabia
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Constitutional MonarchyThese countries have
a King or Queen but they do not have absolute power.
Some share power w/ a legislature (Japan)
Others are ceremonial positions. (England)
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2. Oligarchy Oligos archo Few Rule
A small group of people rule.
They may be distinguished by wealth, religion, social position, or military power.
Example: Ancient Sparta
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3. Democracy Demos Kratia People Rule
Form of government where leaders rule w/ consent of the people.
The major forms are……
a) Direct Democracyb) Representative Democracy
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a.) Direct DemocracyForm of government
where ALL people are in control.
Very difficult to achieve successfully.
Example: Ancient Athens
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b.) Representative Democracy
Form of government where people elect representatives to stand up for them.
Example: The United States
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Economic Systems1. What and how many
goods are being produced?
2. How should they be produced?
3. Who gets the goods and services?
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1. Traditional Economy
A system in which tradition and custom control all economic activity.
Exists in only a few parts in the world today.
Example: Inuit Tribes of Northern
Canada
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2. Market EconomyBased on free
enterprise, in which businesses are privately owned.
Production and prices are determined by supply and demand.
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3. Command Economy
System in which economic decisions about production and distribution are made by the central government.
Known as socialism or communism, depending on level of govt. involvement.