Politecnico di Bari Engineering Faculty - Electronics Engineering Course Thesis in MICROWAVES
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Transcript of Politecnico di Bari Engineering Faculty - Electronics Engineering Course Thesis in MICROWAVES
In partnership with STMicroelectronics
DESIGN OF A CLASS 1 POWER AMPLIFIER FOR BLUETOOTHTM
APPLICATIONS
Advisors CandidateProf. Antonella D’Orazio Giovanni DE FILIPPO
Tutor .
Dr. Roberto Antonicelli .
A.Y. 2004-05
Politecnico di BariEngineering Faculty - Electronics Engineering Course
Thesis in MICROWAVES
OUTLINE
CHECK OF SUITABLE COMPONENTSDESIGN AND ANALYSIS USING ANSOFT
DESIGNER SVREALIZATIONMEASUREMENTSSTLC2500 WITH CLASS 1 PA
IMPLEMENTATION
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Central Frequency: 2.45 GHz Bandwidth: 100 MHz Input and Output Impedance: 50 Ohms Output Powers: 10, 14 and 18 dBm Supply Voltage: 2.75 Volts Operating Temperature: -40 to +85°C
DESIGN MODEL
2.7
5
A
B
PA_EN
TR1
L1
C4
C1
C5
L2
C2
L3
L4
C3
TR2R6
R5R3 R4
TR3
R2
R1
Input Matching DC Block
Output Matching DC Block
Enable and Power Control
RF Choke to DC Bias
Biasing Transistor
DESIGN MODEL
Input Matching DC Block
Output Matching DC Block
Trasmission Line ModelRF Power
Transistor
RF Choke to DC Bias
MEASUREMENTS
Pout, Gain and efficiency vs Pin @ 2450 Mhz
-25-23-21-19-17-15-13-11
-9-7-5-3-113579
1113151719212325
-20 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
Pin (dBm)
Ga
in (
dB
)P
ou
t (d
Bm
)
0,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
30,0
35,0
40,0
45,0
50,0
55,0
60,0
65,0
70,0
Eff
icie
nc
y (
%)
Gain (dB) Pout (dBm) Efficiency (%)
Gain, Output Power and Efficiency versus Input Power at 27 °C
MEASUREMENTS
Pout vs Pin @ varius temperatures, Vce=2,75V
-20-18-16-14-12-10
-8-6-4-202468
101214161820
-20 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
Pin (dBm)
Po
ut
(dB
m)
-40°C 27°C 85°C
Efficiency vs Pin @ varius temperatures, Vce=2,75V
0,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
30,0
35,0
40,0
45,0
50,0
55,0
60,0
65,0
70,0
-20 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
Pin (dBm)
Eff
icie
nc
y (
%)
-40°C 85°C 27°C
Output Power Efficiency versus
Input Power for different Temperatures
MEASUREMENTS
Pout vs Pin @ varius temperatures, Vce=2,50V
-20-18-16-14-12-10
-8-6-4-202468
101214161820
-20 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
Pin (dBm)
Po
ut (
dB
m)
27°C -40°C 85°C
Efficiency vs Pin @ varius temperatures, Vce=2,50V
0,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
30,0
35,0
40,0
45,0
50,0
55,0
60,0
65,0
70,0
-20 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
Pin (dBm)
Eff
icie
ncy
(%)
27°C 85°C -40°C
Pout vs Pin @ varius temperatures, Vce=3,00V
-20-18-16-14-12-10
-8-6-4-202468
101214161820
-20 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
Pin (dBm)
Po
ut (
dB
m)
-40°C 27°C 85°C
Efficiency vs Pin @ varius temperatures, Vce=3,00V
0,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
30,0
35,0
40,0
45,0
50,0
55,0
60,0
65,0
70,0
-20 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
Pin (dBm)
Eff
icie
ncy
(%)
-40°C 85°C 27°C
Pout and Efficiency vs Pin at various Temperatures and Vcc
Vcc = 2.50 VVcc = 3.00 V
PERFORMANCE OVERVIEW
Compression Point P-1dB = 20 dBmPower Gain Gp = 12 dBCurrent consumption at max
power Icc = 53 mAAdded Efficiency η = 70 %
STLC2500 CLASS 1 SOLUTION
Output Power
MaxOutputPower
15,2
15,4
15,6
15,8
16
16,2
16,4
16,6
16,824
02
2407
2412
2417
2422
2427
2432
2437
2442
2447
2452
2457
2462
2467
2472
2477
Frequency[MHz]
Max
Ou
tpu
t P
ow
er [
dB
m]
Average
Peak
AcPower - CH 39
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
2402
2408
2414
2420
2426
2432
2438
2444
2450
2456
2462
2468
2474
2480
Frequency[MHz]
AC
P l
evel
[dB
m]
AcPower-39
Spec
Output Spectrum, Adjacent Channel
Power
STLC2500 CLASS 1 SOLUTION
Output Spectrum
RF = LO – BB = 2.44084 GHzIM = LO + BB = 2.44116 GHzPULLING = LO – 3BB = 2.44052 GHz
Pulling Behavior (Default Gain Setting)
-60
-55
-50
-45
-40
-35
Ch. 0 Ch. 39 Ch. 78
Frequencies
Pu
llin
g
V457CA-Fundamental
V457CA-Harmonic
V457CA+Class1-Fundamental
V457CA+Class1-Harmonic
Pulling Behavior at Default Gain Settings