Policies: Land Consolidation and Fragmentation
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Transcript of Policies: Land Consolidation and Fragmentation
CRP Dryland Systems Béni Khédache site
CRP Dryland Systems North Africa and West Asia
Annual Coordination and Planning Meeting
Béni Khédache-Sidi Bouzid site
Hotel Alhambra, Yasmine Hammamet, 17-18 November, 2014
Fetoui M., Abdeladhim M., Sghaier M., Licheheb N., Ouessar M.
POLICIES LAND CONSOLIDATION AND FRAGMENTATION
IN BENI KHEDACHE SITE
This research is based on the following facts:
1) The land use policies in Tunisia were accompanied, especially in
the dry lands, by profound changes which affected the social and
economic dynamics of local populations (sedentarization, privatization and
fragmentation of land, decline of pastoral activities and rangelands, agricultural
development, extension of irrigated perimeters and changes in uses of natural
resources).
2) The fragmentation of land, as consequence of land privatization
and land heritage, is considered as a brake on development
3) The decision of the Tunisian government to embark into a land
consolidation strategy, as a way to improve efficiency, equity, rural
development, food security and conservation of natural resources, is
not yet assessed.
1. RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND OBJECTIVES
Related to these conditions and in the framework of CRP1.1 project,
this work attempts to assess and understand how land
fragmentation and consolidation contribute to agricultural
productivity, sustainability of natural resources, rural heritage
and livelihoods.
Specific objectives of the work are:
- Study the history and the evolution of land use policies and
especially the land privatization in the south-east of Tunisia
-Assess the impacts of land privatization on actual production
systems in BK site
- Analyze the problems of land fragmentation and the differences in
significant benefits between small and big farms
- Assess and monitor the land consolidation experience in the study
zone and its impact on land productivity, livelihoods and the
sustainability of the production system in general
1. RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND OBJECTIVES
The methodological approach is based on :
Valorization of the previous research programs and projects
to analyse the land use policies and the major agro-pastoral
dynamics and the changes in production systems
WAHIA, JEFFARA, DESURVEY, LUPIS, AFROMAISON, etc.
Information taken directly from the study field
Basic survey : to characterize the production systems and the
differences between small and big farms in BK site : 127 households
Thematic survey: to assess the experience of land consolidation
in the south east : targeted group
2. METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH AND TOOLS
Meetings and workshops with local and development actors
to have information about the land status and evolution in the study
zone, management of the rangelands and private lands
Cartographic treatments and modeling
to build a cartographic support that enrich the analyzes of
production systems in the study area.
Local, regional and national statistics
Such as the national census of population
2. METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH AND TOOLS
ACTIVITIES 2014
B. Analyzing the evolution of land status in BK site
This study is carried out according to three time periods
corresponding to the major changes in land status (1901-1964,
1964-1974 and 1974-2014).
(meetings with key actors DAF, mapping)
History, lows, governance, etc., especially the land privatization
(documentation, previous research projects)
A. Presentation of land use policies on Tunisia
C. Assessment of the impacts of land status changes : major trends of evolution and characterization of the production systems
Socio-demographic characterization (population density, age,
scolarisation rate, activity rate)
Structure and stratification of the land property (land property,
heritage, average area by farm, number of plots by farm, etc.)
Land and farm management (agriculture strategies, crop choices,
practices)
Land productivity and crop production (by type of farms: 1 plot, 2
plots, etc.)
Income generation possibilities (diversification of economic
activities, contributions,)
(field investigation, 127 surveys)
in term of :
land and farm management, labor
land productivity
opportunities and income generation possibilities
D- Analyzing the problem of land fragmentation and differences in significant benefits between small and big farms
In the small farms: The major part of the
farm is allowed to agriculture (87% of the
area)
Great parts of big farms (43 %) : pastoral
vocation
In term of land and farm management
In the small farms: The agricultural
strategies and activities are less pronounced
(priority), farmers are less motivated to
practice agriculture
Despite of the area allowed to agriculture
(50% in big farms), farmers in this case are
much more motivated to practice agriculture
(because of facilities, material, access to
credits, etc.) so that they have agriculture as
principal activity
BUT :
87 80
50
67
58
43
12 18
43
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
< 2 ha 2-5 ha > 5 ha
Fruit trees (%)
cereals (%)
Rangelands (%)
45
55
100
59 49 58
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
< 2 ha 2-5 ha > 5 ha
% of households (principal activity = agriculture)
% of time allowed toagriculture
In term of land productivity and crop production
Small and big farms produce less of olive oil
(respectively 23 and 53 l/ha) than the medium
farms (67 l/ha),
The same constatation that the meduim
farms are more productive in cereals
Question : if medium farms are more
efficient in term of productivity (taking on
account the conditions and opportunities) ?
Important constatation which can help
decision in the land consolidation projects !
53,3 L/ha
67,2 L/ha
23,3 L/ha
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
< 2 ha 2-5 ha > 5 ha
Olive oil productivity (liters/ha)
0,7 qx/ha
1 qx/ha
0,4 qx/ha
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
< 2 ha 2-5 ha > 5 ha
Cereal productivity (qx/ha)
In term of income generation possibilities
The same constatation concerning
the income and this may be related to
non-farm activities and their
contribution in the income generation
in the case of medium farms
640
41
1267
780
47
1100
550
63
2100
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Farm income (TND/ha)
Livestock income (TND/head)
Non-farm income (TND/ha)
< 2 ha
2-5 ha
> 5 ha
WORK PLAN
Action I: Assessing impact of land
fragmentation and differences in benefits with
big farms
-Finalization of data analysis
-Reporting
-Dissemination :publications, conferences, open days,
etc.
Action II: land consolidation plan in Tunisia
and Medenine and its impacts on agropastoral
systems in jeffara
Objective: understand how land consolidation experience in
Tunisia contributes to agricultural productivity, sustainability of
natural resources, rural heritage and livelihoods
Actions :
-Presentation of land consolidation project in Tunisia,
-Meeting with key actors,
-Field surveys
-Data analysis and modeling
- Reporting,
-Dissemination
WORK PLAN
THANK YOU