Pokorak FBI National Missing Persons.ppt · and establish the National Missing Persons DNA ......
Transcript of Pokorak FBI National Missing Persons.ppt · and establish the National Missing Persons DNA ......
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NIJ / UNT CHI’SForensic Science Training & Development
WorkshopMissing Persons and Unidentified Human Remains
h ’ b ’ dThe FBI’s Laboratory’s Assets and Approach for Missing Person
Cases Eric Pokorak – Missing Persons Program
Manager DNA Analysis Unit I
Thank You• NIJ
• Charles Heurich and John Paul Jones
• UNT Center for Human Identification• Art Eisenberg
• John Planz
• Steve, George, Joe, Melody, Dixie, Gill etc.
• Mrs. Smolinski
• You
We’re here to help, so call
EricW: 703 632 7586W: 703-632-7586
C: 703-928-5680
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• Visual by next of Kin
• Fingerprints / Footprints
M di l / A th l i l
Legally Accepted Methods of Identification
• Medical / Anthropological
• Dental
• DNAEven a partial DNA profile in conjunction with Anthropological, Medical, Dental and/or artifacts associated with recovered remains can give the Medical Examiner or Coroner enough information to make an identity.
FBI Resources for Missing Person Cases•Field Offices and Resident Agencies
•Evidence Response Teams Unit
•Trace Evidence Teams Unit
•Firearms and Toolmarks Unit
•Latent Finger Prints Unit
•DNA Analysis Units I & II
•CODIS Unit
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Field Offices And Resident Agencies
• Investigation assistance provided to state and local law enforcement
• Evidence Response Teams (ERT)
Coordinated through the ERT Unit at the FBICoordinated through the ERT Unit at the FBILaboratory
Capability, expertise, and equipment needed for excavation of clandestine burial sites
Training of ERT members in skeletal remainexcavation by annual seminar at the University of Tennessee’s ‘Body Farm’
Good quality samples start with good recovery techniques and practices
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Field Offices And Resident Agencies
• Collection Kit Distribution for Missing Persons Cases
Bone / Tooth Collection Kit for Unidentified Remains
Blood Cell Collection Kits for Relatives of Missing Blood Cell Collection Kits for Relatives of Missing Persons
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Field Offices And Resident Agencies
• Direct Collection of Samples By Special Agents If Needed
Both kits previously mentioned as well as direct reference samplesp
Tsunami example
• Sample collection can be done by state or local law enforcement as well
FBI Resources for Missing Person Cases•Field Offices and Resident Agencies
•Evidence Response Teams Unit
•Trace Evidence Teams Unit
•Firearms and Toolmarks Unit
•Latent Finger Prints Unit
•DNA Analysis Units I & II
•CODIS Unit
Trace Evidence Trace Evidence UnitUnit
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Trace Evidence Unit
• Facilitates Forensic Anthropology examinations through our partnership with the Smithsonian and Dr. Douglas Ubelaker
• Training of two forensic anthropologist examiners g p gunder the tutelage of Dr. Ubelaker for American Board of Forensic Anthropology certification.
• Forensic anthropology capability ‘in-house’.
• Facilitate Facial Reconstruction by the Investigative and Prosecutive Graphics Unit
• Traditional hair and fiber examinations
Hair Examination by Trace Evidence
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Microscopic Association
FBI Resources for Missing Person Cases•Field Offices and Resident Agencies
•Evidence Response Teams Unit
•Trace Evidence Teams Unit
•Firearms and Toolmarks Unit
•Latent Finger Prints Unit
•DNA Analysis Units I & II
•CODIS Unit
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Cut marks and tool marks
Latent Print Latent Print Operations UnitOperations Unitpp
(LPOU)(LPOU)
Disaster SquadDisaster Squad-- FBI’s Disaster Squad created in 1940 to
respond to a plane crash involving an FBI employee
– Primary means of identification was through fingerprints.
D t l b i l d h tl th ft• Dental became involved shortly thereafter, followed by the use of DNA
– Primary source of Squad members are LPU examiners
– LPU has responded to 225 disasters • Total of 8,612 decedents• 4,909 decedents identified by fingerprints,
palm prints or footprints• 57% of total decedents identified
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IAFIS
Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System
• Automated system for processing fingerprints and criminal history data
• Service to federal, state and local law enforcement and criminal justice users
• Service to civil community for employment and licensing
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The skull is first examinedby a Forensic Anthropologist,who determines the sex, race, and age of the victim.
The skull is first examinedby a Forensic Anthropologist,who determines the sex, race, and age of the victim.
Skin depth markersSkin depth markersSkin depth markersare added, and photographsare taken of the skull.
Skin depth markersare added, and photographsare taken of the skull.
The victim was identified shortly after this drawing was released. The victim was identified shortly after this drawing was released.
Computer Aging
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FBI Resources for Missing Person Cases
•Field Offices and Resident Agencies
•Evidence Response Teams Unit
•Trace Evidence Teams Unit
•Firearms and Toolmarks Unit
•Latent Finger Prints Unit
•DNA Analysis Units I & II
•CODIS Unit
H.R. 1260 & H.R. 106-398 (FY 2000)Passed by Congress with continuing funding.
National Missing Person DNA Database
Amended the DNA Identification of 1994to include the Missing Persons Indices in CODISand establish the National Missing Persons DNADatabase Program at the FBI Laboratory
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Purpose of the National Missing Persons DNA Database
● Identify and repatriate skeletal remains by DNA analysis.
● FBI Laboratory to process missing f DNA ( DNA & persons cases for DNA (nDNA &
mtDNA) analysis for law enforcement entities which did not have capability at no charge
● Utilize national database where the MP DNA data could be stored and compared.
DNA Analysis Unit II(Mitochondrial DNA)
DNA Analysis Unit I(Nuclear DNA)
National Missing Person DNA Database
CODIS Unit
National Missing Person DNA Database
Unidentified Human RemainsorMissing Person Reference
FBIField Office
LocalLE / ME
NDIS
FBIFBINMPDDNMPDD State Lab
State CODIS
Field Office
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Bone / Tooth Collection Kits for Unidentified Human Remains
Blood Cell Collection Kits for Relativesof Missing Persons
HAIRBONEBONETEETHBODY FLUIDS
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Traditional Paternity Trio
?
Does size matter?
Paternal Inheritance of Y-STRs
1st1st generation
2ndgeneration
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Maternal Inheritance of mtDNA
1st1st generation
2ndgeneration
Reference SamplesTransition for direct (pair wise) comparison to pedigree comparison
1st generation
2ndgeneratio
n
How can you help us?• Collect as many reference
samples as you can• Collecting samples vs. running samples
• Collect and provide Meta Data
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Missing Person SamplesAsk if direct reference samples / deduced victim’s knowns are available?These samples should be used for STRs for they offer the most direct comparisony pCase examples
Blood stain in home of missing mother, consistent with sonMother, Father, and shirt from daughter’s apartment Mother and three children of missing man
Reference samplesCollection and processing of 2 reference samples is necessary to build a pedigree(potential NDIS requirement)
The greater the number of references used (1st degree), the greater the discrimination of the pedigree for comparison
Having Mom for STR and Mito analysis is not enough
Table 2Preferred Family Reference Samples
Known Identical twin
Table 2Preferred Family Reference Samples
Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) Recommendations
Table 2Preferred Family Reference Samples
Adapted from M. Prinz, et al Forensic Science International: Genetics 1 (2007) 3-12
Both ParentsOne parent, spouse and childrenChildren and spouseOne parent and sibling(s)Siblings (two or more)
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Table 2Preferred Family Reference Samples
Table 2Preferred Family Reference Samples
Identical Twins
Adapted from M. Prinz, et al Forensic Science International: Genetics 1 (2007) 3-12
Meta DataFor Unidentified Remains, CODIS v.6.0 will need:
SexAgeHeightRace / ethnicityDate body foundGeographic location and description (including City and State)GPSPhysical anomaliesScars, Marks, Tattoos
Meta DataFor Missing Person Information, CODIS v.6.0 will need:
SexAgeHeightRace / ethnicityDate of last contactGeographic location and description (including City and State) of last contactGPSPhysical anomaliesScars, Marks, Tattoos
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COmbined DNA Index System
The NMPDD uses three indices of CODIS
The Unidentified Human Remains Index
Missing Person Index
The Relatives of Missing Persons Index
How the National DNA Index System Works
DNA Profiles can
City & County Laboratories Upload DNA Profiles to the State Level
DNA Profiles can be compared at the State Level
…then uploaded to the National Level for comparison to DNA profiles from other states
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Missing Person DNA Laboratories
Connecticut State Crime Lab
Minnesota Bureau ofCriminal Apprehension
New Jersey State Police Laboratory
California Departmentof Justice
Arizona Departmentof Public Safety
FBI Laboratory
University of North TexasHealth Science Center
DNA like other methods is only part of the information that is needed to bring the picture into focus.
Is the picture in focus enough for the
A DNA Match Is Made
Medical Examiner or Coroner to make a determination?
It is up to the Medical Examiner or Coroner to determine if the remainsare that of a particular individual.
They sign the death certificate.
Contact information:
Eric Pokorak
National Missing Person DNA Database
(703) [email protected]
John E. B. (Jeb) Stewart(703) 632-7582