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- -

volkswagen touran

: :

136/2008 .

, 2011

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1. VOLKSWAGEN TOURAN

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.1

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2.

, .

2.1

170 360 C. . , . .

. , 50 % , . 90 95 . :

- ( )

- ( )

- ( )

.2

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. .

. . , 0.05 % 2-4 , .

. 3

.4

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. . 25 45 , 52 56 . .

.5

- ( 5 ) 10 ppm. 30 D2 . :

- ,

-

- , ,

- () -25 C

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2.2

RudolfaDiesela. 1900.

, .

. 20 , . , . , , ,

,. . , . , , CO2 . 10 , .

CO2. , -. . B100(100% ), 11% . CO2 , CO . 150 C 70 C.

pH , . . . .

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. , , . ,

70-80 % , .

6.

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.7

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2.3

(CNG-Compressed Natural Gas) (LNG- Liguefied Natural

Gas). LNG . a, a, a. . (. 20 ). 200 (CNG) . 250 . () .

. .

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.9

: , ( Bi-Fuel), (Dual Fuel). Dual Fuel, . .Dual Fuel . ,

., , , ., 580C . .

.10

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2.4

H-O-H R-O-R. . . DMM DME.

DMM- 50, 0.86 /. 41 C . 250 . .

DME- . . 25 C , 5 , . . 27- 29 /, 0.67 / . DME 55-60 . .

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