PoetrySound and Sense

Reading Standard 1.3- Determine the relationship & purpose between different

forms of poetry.

Poetry is…

“the best words in their best order”Samuel Taylor

Colleridge

Rhythm

• The repetition of stressed and unstressed syllables.

• Provides the poem’s beatEX

U / U / U / U /• This lov ely flow er fell to seed.

• Meter- 2 syllables = 1 meter- creates a pattern

RHYME

• Adds to the music of a poem.• End Rhyme- when the sound at the end

of the line has the same sound as the end of another line.– Couplet- two consecutive lines that rhyme

• EX: The panther is like a leopard,Except it hasn’t been peppered.

-- Ogden Nash, from “The Panther”

RHYME

• Internal Rhyme- when the rhyme occurs within the line

• EX: While I nodded, nearly napping suddenly there came a tapping,

As of someone gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door----

Edgar Allen Poe“The Raven”

– Exact rhymes- uses the exact sound to rhyme• EX: napping & tapping- in these

two words the “a”, “pp”, and “ing” are all examples of exact internal & end rhyme.

– Approximate rhymes- near rhymes- the sounds are so similar that they “kind of” rhyme• EX: cat & catch or bat & bit

RHYME

– Alliteration- the repetition of consonant sounds.

• EX: Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.

– Assonance- the repetition of vowel sounds

• EX: She sells sea shells by the sea shore.

RHYME

Onomatopoeia

• A long word that refers to the use of words with sounds that imitate or suggest their meaning.

– EX:– POW! – ZING!

– CREAK – ZAP!

• Note: Comic books also use these words often.

TYPES OF POETRY

CH. 6

Lyric

• Usually written in first person point of view

• Expresses an emotion or an idea or describes a scene

• Do not tell a story and

are often musical

ELEGY

• Poem written for someone or something that has died.

ODE

• Long Lyric poem, usually praising some subject.

– written in dignified language.

NARRATIVE

• Poem that tells a story- a series of related events

•Usually includes an entire plot line- exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution.

BALLAD• Songlike poem that tells a story, often a

sad story of betrayal, death, or loss.

• Usually have a regular, steady rhythm, a simple rhyme pattern, and a refrain.

• Easy to memorize.

FREE VERSE

• Poem that doesn’t rhyme • It follows no specific pattern or

structure

EPIC

• Long narrative poem about the many deeds of a great hero.

• Are closely connected to a particular culture.

• Hero embodies the important values of the society he comes from

– Heroes in Epics are traditionally male

SONNET

• 14 line Lyric poem• Follows strict rules of structure- • Petrarchan:

– Rhyme scheme: abbacddc, efgefg– Pentameter & rhythm varies

• Shakespearean: – end rhyme: abab,cdcd, efef, gg.– Iambic pentameter: 5 meters w/ rhythmic pattern

that goes unstressed (u) stressed (/) throughout the line.

Works Cited

• information abstracted from: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. “Response to

Literature,” Holt Literature and Language Arts: Second Course. Austin, Texas. 2003.