Poetry elements mash up
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Poetry
JONAROSA NONGMASH-UP OF POETRY ELEMENTS
2014
What is poetry
?
A form of art in which language is used for
its aesthetic and evocative qualities with or without its apparent meaning.
It is derived from the Greek word
poiesis, meaning "making" or "creating”
often uses particular forms and conventions to expand the literal
meaning of the words, or to evoke emotional or sensual responses
Purpose of Poetry
To express ideas, feelings and emotions.
What are the origins
of poetry?
Many ancient works, from the Vedas to the Odyssey,
appear to have been composed in poetic form to aid memorization and
oral transmission, in prehistoric and ancient
societies.
The oldest surviving poem is the Epic of Gilgamesh, from the 3rd millennium BC in
Sumer (Mesopotamia, now Iraq), which was written in cuneiform script on clay tablets
and, later, papyrus.
Other ancient epic poetry includes the Greek epics, Iliad and Odyssey, and the
Indian epics, Ramayana and the Mahabharata.
What are the genres
of poetry?
POETIC GENRESNarrative
Poetry
Epic Poetry
Dramatic Poetry
Satirical Poetry
Lyric Poetry
Narrative PoetryTells a storyMay be the oldest genre of poetry
Includes epics, ballads, idylls and lays
Epic PoetryIt recounts, in a continuous narrative, the life and works of a heroic or mythological person or group of persons.
Dramatic Poetry
Is drama written in verse to be spoken or sung, and appears in varying and sometimes related forms in many cultures.
uses the discourse of the characters involved to tell a story or portray a situation.
Satirical PoetryA punch of an insult delivered in verse
often written for political purposes.
A notable example is that of the Roman poet Juvenal.
Lyric PoetryPortrays the poet's own feelings, state of mind, and perceptions.
Derived from the word "lyre“; implies that it is intended to be sung
Includes sonnets, elegy, ballads, odes, villanelles and pastourelles
POINT OF VIEW IN POETRY
POET
The poet is the author of the poem.
SPEAKER
The speaker of the poem is the “narrator” of the poem.
Types of Poetry
A poem that tells a story; ballads are
usually sung
Ballad:
Types of Poetry
Free Verse:Poetry that doesn’t follow any specific patterns in rhythm, rhyme scheme, or line length; free
verse may contain rhymes, but they are
not used in a prescribed manner
Types of Poetry
HaikuA three-line
Japanese poetic form in the lines
follow the pattern of five syllables in the
first line, seven syllables in the
second line, and five syllables in the third
line.
Types of Poetry
Limerick:a five-line poem that follows a specific rhyme scheme and rhythm. The first, second, and fifth lines contain eight syllables. Lines two
and three contain six syllables. Limericks are usually funny or silly.There was an Old Man with a
beard,Who said, ‘It is just as I feared!Two Owls and a Hen,Four Larks and a wrenHave all built their nests in my beard
Types of Poetry
Narrative Poem:
A poem that tells the sequence of events of a story;
Types of Poetry
Sonnet:
A very structured fourteen-line poem that follows a specific rhyme structure and rhythm. The two
most common sonnets are the Italian sonnet and the English sonnet. William Shakespeare wrote
many English sonnets, which are also referred to as Shakespearean sonnets.
Another important thing to know
STANZA
consists of two or more lines of poetry that
together form one of the divisions of
a poem.
KINDS OF STANZASCouplet = a two line stanzaTriplet (Tercet) = a three line stanzaQuatrain = a four line stanzaQuintet = a five line stanzaSestet (Sextet) = a six line stanzaSeptet = a seven line stanzaOctave = an eight line stanza
What are the basic elements of poetry?
Basic Elements of Poetry
RHYTHM
is the actual sound that
results from a line of poetry.
Basic Elements of Poetry
RHYTHM
the pattern of stressed and unstressed
syllables in a line.
Basic Elements of Poetry
METER
the number of feet in a
line
Basic Elements of Poetry
METER
Meter is the definitive pattern
established for a verse (such as
iambic pentameter)
Basic Elements of Poetry
METER
is often scanned based
on the arrangement
of "poetic feet" into lines.
Some examples of metric system
Iambic pentameter. It contains five feet per line, in which the predominant kind of foot is the "iamb”
Dactylic hexameter. It has six feet per line, of which the dominant kind of foot is the dactyl.
Basic Elements of Poetry
RHYME
consists of identical (hard-rhyme) or
similar (soft-rhyme) sounds placed at the
ends of lines or at predictable locations within lines (internal
rhyme).
Rhyme
When working with rhyme, you should always remember that the most important part of verse is
the last word. The last word of each verse is what establishes
they rhyme.
Twinkle, twinkle little star!How I wonder what you areUp above the world so high.Like a diamond in the sky.
A
A
B
B
Rhyme Schem
e
Basic Elements of Poetry
THEME
what the poet wants to express
through his words.
Basic Elements of Poetry
THEME
may either be a thought, a feeling, an
observation, a story or an
experience.
Basic Elements of Poetry
SYMBOLISM
virtual substances and
themes to express the deep hidden meaning
behind the words.
Basic Elements of Poetry
The use of symbolism gives a more reflective empathy to the
poem.
SYMBOLISM
Basic Elements of Poetry
IMAGERY
A poet must stimulate the imagination. He or she has to use a language that creates mental pictures or images.
Sensory Images:Visual- to the sense of sight.Olfactory- to the sense of smell.Gustatory- to the sense of tasteTactil- to the sense of touchAuditory- to the sense of hearing
Recognizing Figurative Language The opposite of literal language is figurative
language. Figurative language is language that means more than what it says on the surface.
It usually gives us a feeling about its subject.
Poets use figurative language almost as frequently as literal language. When you read poetry, you must be conscious of the difference. Otherwise, a poem may make no sense at all.
Recognizing Literal Language “I’ve eaten so much I feel as if I could literally burst!”
In this case, the person is not using the word literally in its true meaning. Literal means "exact" or "not exaggerated." By pretending that the statement is not exaggerated, the person stresses how much he has eaten.
Literal language is language that means exactly what is said.
Most of the time, we use literal language.
FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE
Simile A direct, explicit comparison of one
thing to another in which the words like or as are used.
Ex. She looks like an angel. Her lips are as sweet as honey.
Onomatopoeia The attempt to echo or imitate sounds
with words
Ex. Bow-wow, oink-oink, tick-tack, howling
Litotes Understatement - basically the opposite of
hyperbole. Often it is ironic.
Ex. Calling a slow moving person “Speedy”
Hyperbole An exaggeration
Ex. I have been waiting for a million years
Idiom An expression where the literal meaning of the
words is not the meaning of the expression. It means something other than what it actually says.
Ex. It’s raining cats and dogs.
Alliteration Repetition of constant sounds usually at
the beginning of words
Ex. In the summer season, when soft was the song…
PERSONIFICATION The
strategy of giving objects human-like qualities or an object given life-like qualities.
from “Ninki”by Shirley Jackson
“Ninki was by this time irritated beyond belief by the general air of incompetence exhibited in the kitchen, and she went into the living room and got Shax, who is extraordinarily lazy and never catches his own chipmunks, but who is, at least, a cat, and preferable, Ninki saw clearly, to a man with a gun.
Metaphor An indirect comparison of one thing to
another in which one thing is given characteristics of another.
Ex. My love is a flower He was al lion in battle
Idioms An idiom or idiomatic expression refers to a
construction or expression in one language that cannot be matched or directly translated word-for-word in another language.
Example: "She has a bee in her bonnet," meaning "she is obsessed," cannot be literally translated into another language word for word.
Credits for Slideshare presentations used to create this mash-up:
lucciano7 Poetry terminology 2012http://www.slideshare.net/lucciano7/poetry-terminology-15626203 Katrina Naval Elements of poetry and scansion 2013http://www.slideshare.net/katrinanaval3/elements-of-poetry-and-scansion Melanie cruz Poetry 2013 http://www.slideshare.net/MelaniCruz1/poetry-20818094?qid=3f7515c9-d996-4218-a58b-1240e32712fe&v=qf1&b=&from_search=9