Poetic ElementsPoetic Elements

RELA- 6RELA- 6thth Grade Grade

FIGURATIVEFIGURATIVELANGUAGELANGUAGE

SIMILESIMILE

• A comparison of two things using like A comparison of two things using like or asor as

– ““She is as beautiful as a sunrise.”She is as beautiful as a sunrise.”

METAPHORMETAPHOR

• A direct comparison of two unlike A direct comparison of two unlike thingsthings

– He was a tornado tearing through the He was a tornado tearing through the room.room.

PERSONIFICATIONPERSONIFICATION

• A nonhuman A nonhuman thing given thing given human human qualities.qualities.

HyperboleHyperbole

• Exaggeration often used for Exaggeration often used for emphasis.emphasis.

– "I nearly died laughing" "I nearly died laughing" – "I was hopping mad“"I was hopping mad“– "I tried a thousand times“"I tried a thousand times“

IdiomIdiom• An expression that means something An expression that means something

other than what it actually says.other than what it actually says.

– Ex. It’s raining cats and dogs.Ex. It’s raining cats and dogs.

SYMBOLISMSYMBOLISM

• When a person, When a person, place, thing, or place, thing, or event that has event that has meaning in itself meaning in itself also represents, or also represents, or stands for, stands for, something else.something else.

= Innocence = Innocence

= America = America

= Peace = Peace

AllusionAllusion

• A reference to A reference to something famous.something famous.

Little Johnny told his Little Johnny told his parents a cheesy parents a cheesy story about why he story about why he was home so long was home so long after curfew. His after curfew. His mother finally mother finally stopped him and stopped him and asked, asked, “Are you “Are you crying wolf?”crying wolf?”

IMAGERYIMAGERY

• Language that appeals to the senses.Language that appeals to the senses.– Sight, sound, touch, taste, or smell.Sight, sound, touch, taste, or smell.

The sweet taste of Ambrosia,

the roses perfuming the air,

never again would there be a time so fair.

POETRY FORMPOETRY FORM• FORM - the FORM - the

appearance of the appearance of the words on the pagewords on the page

- - LINE LINE words that make words that make up one row of words in a up one row of words in a poempoem

– VERSEVERSE a group of a group of words that make up a words that make up a “sentence” the poem“sentence” the poem

– STANZASTANZA - a group of - a group of lines arranged togetherlines arranged together

A word is deadA word is dead When it is said,When it is said,

Some say.Some say.

I say it justI say it just Begins to liveBegins to live

That day.That day.

SOUND EFFECTSSOUND EFFECTS

FREE VERSE POETRYFREE VERSE POETRY

• Does NOT rhyme: Does NOT rhyme: sounds like sounds like someone talking.someone talking.

Running through a field of Running through a field of clover,clover,

I stopped to pick a I stopped to pick a daffodil. daffodil.

I play he loves me, loves I play he loves me, loves me not,me not,

The daffy lies, it says The daffy lies, it says he does not love me!he does not love me!Well, what use is a Well, what use is a

daffy daffy When Jimmy gives me When Jimmy gives me

roses?roses?-- Flora Launa -- Flora Launa

RHYMERHYME

• Words sound alike Words sound alike because they share because they share the same ending the same ending vowel and vowel and consonant sounds.consonant sounds.

• (A word always (A word always rhymes with itself.)rhymes with itself.)

LAMPLAMP STAMPSTAMP

DOORDOOR SNORESNORE

JIMMYJIMMY GIMMEGIMME

END RHYMEEND RHYME

• A word at the end of one line that A word at the end of one line that rhymes with a word at the end of rhymes with a word at the end of another lineanother line

Hector the CollectorHector the Collector Collected bits of Collected bits of stringstring..

Collected dolls with broken headsCollected dolls with broken heads And rusty bells that would not And rusty bells that would not ringring..

RHYME SCHEMERHYME SCHEME

• A pattern of rhyme (usually end rhyme, A pattern of rhyme (usually end rhyme, but not always).but not always).

• Use the letters of the alphabet to Use the letters of the alphabet to represent sounds to be able to visually represent sounds to be able to visually “see” the pattern. (See next slide for an “see” the pattern. (See next slide for an example.)example.)

SAMPLE RHYME SCHEMESAMPLE RHYME SCHEME The Germ by Ogden NashThe Germ by Ogden Nash

A mighty creature is the gA mighty creature is the germerm,, Though smaller than the Though smaller than the

pachydpachydermerm.. His customary dwelling plHis customary dwelling placeace Is deep within the human rIs deep within the human raceace..

His childish pride he often plHis childish pride he often pleaseseases By giving people strange disBy giving people strange diseaseseases.. Do you, my poppet, feel infDo you, my poppet, feel infirmirm?? You probably contain a gYou probably contain a germerm..

a

a

b

b

c

c

a

a

ONOMATOPOEIAONOMATOPOEIA

• Words that imitate the sound they Words that imitate the sound they are namingare naming

BUZZBUZZ

Trot-trotTrot-trot

RhythmRhythm

• The musical quality produced by the The musical quality produced by the repetition of stressed and unstressed repetition of stressed and unstressed syllables. syllables. – I love the sound of the human voice, I love the sound of the human voice,

I hear all sounds running together, I hear all sounds running together, combined, fused, or following, combined, fused, or following, Sounds of the city and sounds out of the Sounds of the city and sounds out of the city, sounds of the day and night.city, sounds of the day and night.

ALLITERATIONALLITERATION

• Consonant sounds repeated at the Consonant sounds repeated at the beginnings of wordsbeginnings of words

If If PPeter eter PPiperiper p picked a icked a ppeck of eck of ppickled ickled ppeppers, how many eppers, how many ppickled ickled ppeppers did eppers did PPeter eter PPiper iper ppick?ick?

ASSONANCEASSONANCE

• Repeated VOWEL sounds in a line or Repeated VOWEL sounds in a line or lines of poetry.lines of poetry.

(Often creates near rhyme.)(Often creates near rhyme.)

LakeLake FateFate BaseBase FadeFade (All share the long “a” sound.)(All share the long “a” sound.)

ASSONANCE cont.ASSONANCE cont.

Examples of ASSONANCE:Examples of ASSONANCE:

““Slow the low gradual moan came in Slow the low gradual moan came in the snowing.”the snowing.”

- John MasefieldJohn Masefield

““Shall ever medicine thee to that Shall ever medicine thee to that sweet sleep.”sweet sleep.”

- William Shakespeare- William Shakespeare

REFRAINREFRAIN

• A sound, word, A sound, word, phrase or line phrase or line repeated in a repeated in a poem.poem.

““Quoth the raven, Quoth the raven, ‘Nevermore.’”‘Nevermore.’”

“Be Still my Beating Heart”

- Sting

Lyric Poetry

Expresses emotions, appeals to your

senses (like music).

A Poem that tells a story

(has the elements of a

story).

“My Father is a Simple Man”

by Luis Sachar

Dramatic

Poetry

A Dramatizes

action through

dialogue or monologue

.

A Dramatic Monologue

is often from a

fictional character’s point of

view.

When a word or phrase is repeated just once or in one specific area of the poem.

Who the Speaker of the Poem is

What is their tone?

The Point of view can be the actual poet him/herself, but may also be an animal, an inanimate object, or a fictional character.

IronyWhen something that wasn’t expected happens. (the opposite of what is expected happens)

HAIKU

A poem with 3 lines:

Line 1: 5 syllables Line 2: 7 syllables Line 3: 5 syllables

I Love you so much,

I long to see your beauty,

Love the way you shine.

“You”

Cinquains

Sister

Smart, Outgoing

Loving, playing, Laughing

Always in for some fun

Friend

•A Diamante is a poem that resembles a diamond.

•It has 5 lines and begins with one word.

•The 2nd line has two adjectives that describe that word.

•The 3rd , three verbs.

•The 4th line is a phrase that goes deeper into the topic.

•The 5th line gives either a synonym for the first word, or a word that encompasses the whole poem.

The Diamante

Pattern:Line1: One wordLine2: Two words

Line 3: Three wordsLine 4: Four wordsLine 5: One word

HotVery Warm

Stifling, stinging, stainingYou can barely breathe

Humid

Poetry in which authors use both

words and physical shape to convey a message.

LimerickLimerick

• A funny poem that has the following A funny poem that has the following pattern:pattern:– Lines 1, 2, and 5 rhymeLines 1, 2, and 5 rhyme– Lines 3 and 4 rhymeLines 3 and 4 rhyme

There once was a pauper named MegWho accidentally broke her leg.She slipped on the ice.Not once, but thriceTake no pity on her, I beg.