Poetic devices | Class X | CBSE Board By Prabhat Gaurav
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Transcript of Poetic devices | Class X | CBSE Board By Prabhat Gaurav
Figurative Language &
Poetic Devices
Poetry is…
• one of the major genres (types) of literature
• using language to create a flow of sounds and ideas
• the art of playing with words to influence emotions
Stanza • A group of lines in a poem (such as a paragraph
in an essay)
Figurative Language
• Writing or speech which is not meant to be taken literally (word for word)
• Examples: metaphor, simile, hyperbole, personification
Metaphor • A figure of speech which makes a comparison
between two dissimilar things
• Saying something is something else
• People already know about one item, so they can better understand the other using comparison
• Examples: Education is a treasure, rich with opportunity.
Figurative Language
Simile • A figure of speech which makes a comparison of
two dissimilar things AND uses the words “like” or “as”
• People already know about one item, so they can better understand the other using comparison
• Examples: My puppy is like a hairy hurricane, unpredictable and destructive.
Figurative Language
The Lighthouse The light house, the guardian angel of the night
She shines her light for all the lost sailors passing by Her beam bright as the sun, flashing through the night sky The lighthouse, a soldier during the storms Standing tall, unafraid of the chaos Her light piercing through the storm like sharp knives The light house the night owl of the day Sleeping and cozzed away until the night Her beam off as silent as a deer not wanting to be found By: Katherine Sessor
Hyperbole
• Extreme exaggeration for effect
• Examples: I have told you a million times not to dance on that ladder.
Figurative Language
My Dog Her bark breaks the sound barrier
Her nose is as cold as an ice box. A wag of her tail causes hurricanes Her jumping causes falling rocks. She eats a mountain of dog food And drinks a water fall dry. But though she breaks the bank She’s the apple of my eye.
Personification • A figure of speech which gives human qualities,
feelings, actions or characteristics to non-human things
• Example: The leaves are dancing in the wind.
Figurative Language
Dinnertime Chorus
The teapot sang as the water boiled The ice cubes cackled in their glass the teacups chattered to one another. While the chairs were passing gas The gravy gurgled merrily As the oil danced in a pan. Oh my dinnertime chorus What a lovely, lovely clan!
by Sharon Hendricks
Poetic Devices
• Writing or speech which creates a mood or sound to convey the author’s message
• Examples: imagery, alliteration, assonance, onomatopoeia, repetition, rhyme, and rhyme scheme
Imagery • Consists of words/ phrases that appeal to a
reader’s five senses; Sensory details help readers imagine how things look, feel, smell, sound and taste
Poetic Device
Alliteration • Repetition of initial consonant sounds: Used to
create a rhythmic effect
• Examples: Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers
Poetic Device
While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping
Assonance • Repetition of vowel (a, e, i, o, u) sounds in the
middle of words
• Examples: and the silken sad uncertain rustling of each purple curtain
Poetic Device
Try… mope and groan spoon and blue
An excerpt from “Bells” by Edgar Allan Poe:
From the second stanza:
Hear the mellow wedding bells,
Golden bells!
What a world of happiness their harmony foretells!
Through the balmy air of night
How they ring out their delight!
From the molten-golden notes,
And in tune,
What a liquid ditty floats
To the turtle-dove that listens, while she gloats
Onomatopoeia • Words that sound like their meaning; Use of
words to imitate sounds
• Examples: crack, snap, roar, sizzle
Poetic Device
Meeting at Night
By Robert Browning
I
The grey sea and the long black land;
And the yellow half-moon large and low;
And the startled little waves that leap
In fiery ringlets from their sleep,
As I gain the cove with pushing prow,
And quench its speed i' the slushy sand.
II
Then a mile of warm sea-scented beach;
Three fields to cross till a farm appears;
A tap at the pane, the quick sharp
scratch
And blue spurt of a lighted match,
And a voice less loud, thro' its joys and
fears,
Than the two hearts beating each to
each!
Repetition
• The use (more than once) of any element of language (sounds, words, a phrase, a line, etc.)
• Used to emphasize a point
Poetic Device
An excerpt from “Bells” by Edgar Allan Poe: From the fourth stanza: Keeping time, time, time In a sort of Runic rhyme, To the throbbing of the bells - Of the bells, bells, bells: - To the sobbing of the bells: - Keeping time, time, time, As he knells, knells, knells, In a happy Runic rhyme, To the rolling of the bells - Of the bells, bells, bells - To the tolling of the bells - Of the bells, bells, bells, bells, Bells, bells, bells, - To the moaning and the groaning of the bells.
Poetic Device
Rhyme
• Repetition of ending sounds (at the end of words); Used to create a musical effect
• Example: Roses are red, violets are blue. Sugar is sweet, and so are you.
Poetic Device
Rhyme Scheme • A regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem
• Lower case letters are used to indicate the rhyme scheme
• Example:
Mr. Brown, the circus clown puts his clothes on upside down. He wears his hat upon his toes and socks and shoes upon his nose.
Poetic Device
a a b b