Pneumatics

Pneumatics2

Air Production SystemAir Consumption System3What can Pneumatics do?

Operation of system valves for air, water or chemicals Operation of heavy or hot doors Unloading of hoppers in building, steel making, mining and chemical industries Ramming and tamping in concrete and asphalt laying Lifting and moving in slab molding machines Crop spraying and operation of other tractor equipment Spray painting Holding and moving in wood working and furniture making Holding in jigs and fixtures in assembly machinery and machine tools Holding for gluing, heat sealing or welding plastics Holding for brazing or welding Forming operations of bending, drawing and flattening Spot welding machines Riveting Operation of guillotine blades Bottling and filling machines Wood working machinery drives and feeds Test rigs Machine tool, work or tool feeding Component and material conveyor transfer Pneumatic robots Auto gauging Air separation and vacuum lifting of thin sheets Dental drills and so much more new applications are developed daily

4What is Air?

In a typical cubic foot of air --- there are over 3,000,000 particles of dust, dirt, pollen, and other contaminants.Industrial air may be 3 times (or more) more polluted.

The weight of aone square inchcolumn of air(from sea levelto the outer atmosphere,@ 680 F, & 36% RH)is 14.69 pounds.5

HUMIDITY & DEWPOINT6Relative HumidityCompressor 1 ft3 @100 psig1950 F 100% RH57.1grams of H20

1 ft3 @100 psig 770 F 100% RH.73grams of H20 1 ft3 @100 psig -200 F 100% RH.01grams of H20 1 ft3 @100 psig 770 F 0.15% RH.01grams of H2056.37grams of H20.72grams of H20Adsorbtion DryerCompressorExitReservoir TankAirline Drop67

Air MainsRing MainDead-End Main8

30

Figure11.8.Construction and operation of an ordinary pneumatic pressure reducer.

Temperature C0510152025303540

g/m3n *(Standard)4.986.999.8613.7618.9925.9435.1247.1963.03

g/m3 (Atmospheric)4.986.869.5113.0417.6923.7631.6441.8354.11

Temperature C0510152025303540

g/m3n (Standard)4.983.362.281.521.000.640.40.250.15

g/m3 (Atmospheric)4.983.422.371.611.080.70.450.290.18

Temperature F32406080100120140160180

g/ft3 *(Standard).137.188.4.781.482.654.537.4411.81

g/ft3 (Atmospheric).137.185.375.711.292.223.675.828.94

Temperature F323020100-10-20-3040

g/ft3 (Standard).137.126.083.053.033.020.012.007.004

g/ft3 (Atmospheric).137.127.085.056.036.023.014.009.005

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